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58 results for “trophic relationships”
Figure 2 in Trophic relationship between Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Planococcus citri (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) associated with rose bushes
Figure 2 Proportion of second-instar nymphs of Planococcus citri consumed by second-instar larvae of Chrysoperla externa as a function of the nymph density of the mealybug and predator:prey ratio. Different letters at the end of the curves indicate significant differences by Tukey's multicomparison test (p <0.05).
Figure 1 in Trophic relationship between Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Planococcus citri (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) associated with rose bushes
Figure 1 Mean (A) and total (B) number of second-instar nymphs of Planococcus citri consumed by first-, second-, and third-instar larvae of Chrysoperla externa (mean ± SE). Different letters in a column indicate significant differences by Dunn's multicomparison test (p <0.05).
Trophic complexity alters the diversity–multifunctionality relationship in experimental grassland mesocosms
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The bite force-gape relationship as an avenue of biomechanical adaptation to trophic niche in two salmonid fishes
<p>All skeletal muscles produce their largest forces at a single optimal length, losing force when stretched or shortened. In vertebrate feeding systems, this fundamental force-length relationship translates to variation in bite force across gape, which affects the food types that can be eaten effectively. We measured the bite force-gape curves of two sympatric species: king salmon (<em>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</em>) and pink salmon (<em>O. gorbuscha</em>). Cranial anatomical measurements are not significantly different between species, however, peak bite forces are produced at significantly different gapes. Maximum bite force is achieved at 67% of maximum gape for king salmon and 43% of maximum gape for pink salmon. This may allow king salmon to use greater force when eating large or elusive prey. In contrast, pink salmon do not require high forces at extreme gapes for filter feeding. Our results illustrate that the bite force-gape relationship is an important ecophysiological axis of variation.</p>
Stable isotopes unravel the feeding mode-trophic position relationship in trematode parasites
<div class="WordSection1"> <p><span>1. Stable isotopes have been sporadically used over the last two decades to characterise host-parasite trophic relationships. The main reason for this scarcity is the lack of an obvious pattern in the ratio of nitrogen stable isotope values (<i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N) of parasites in comparison to their host tissues, which would be key to understand any host-parasite system dynamics. </span></p> <p><span>2. To circumvent this, we focused on a single snail host, <i>Zeacumantus subcarinatus</i>, and three of its trematode parasites. </span></p> <p><span>3. We used stable isotopes to investigate each host-trematode trophic relationship and shed light on the mechanisms utilised by the parasite to reroute its hosts' biomass. </span></p> <p><span>4. All our trematodes were found to be <sup>15</sup>N-enriched compared to their host, with their <i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N values strongly related to their feeding behaviours: passive vs active. It was possible to 'rank' these parasite species and assess their 'relative' trophic position using <i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N values. We also demonstrated that including a broader range of samples (e.g. host food and faeces, multiple parasite life stages) helped understand the metabolic mechanisms used by the various participants, and that using carbon stable isotope values and C:N ratios allowed to identify an important lipid requirement of these trematode parasites. Finally, we show how critical it is to not ignore parasitic infections as they can have a great influence on their host's trophic position.</span></p> <p><span>5. We have shown that by focussing on a single host species and a single taxonomic group of parasites, we can remove a certain amount of variation recorded by broader isotope studies. We hope that these data will ultimately improve our ability to place parasites in food webs, and thus improve our understanding of the connections and interactions that dictate food web dynamics. </span></p> </div>
A quantitative assessment of the patterns of integration in the mandible of bovids and their relationships with trophic ecology, phylogeny, and evolutionary rates
<p>Dataset and R script supporting the findings of the study "A quantitative assessment of the patterns of integration in the mandible of bovids and their relationships with trophic ecology, phylogeny, and evolutionary rates". </p>
FIGURE 2 in Trophic relationships in the Early Miocene Upper Marine Molasse of Baden-Württemberg, Southwest Germany, with special emphasis on the elasmobranch fauna
FIGURE 2. Map showing the fossiliferous localities studied herein.
Stable isotopes unravel the feeding mode-trophic position relationship in trematode parasites
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The bite force-gape relationship as an avenue of biomechanical adaptation to trophic niche in two salmonid fishes
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Figure 6 in Patterns of trophic relationships between planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) and their host plants on the Mascarene Islands
Figure 6. Test for correlation between endemic planthoppers' diversity recorded on different host plants (endemics, indigenous non-endemic or exotics) and endemic plants' diversity (from La Réunion or La Réunion and Mauritius) within different plant orders.
Figure 5 in Patterns of trophic relationships between planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) and their host plants on the Mascarene Islands
Figure 5. MCA with widespread species of planthoppers only. The widespread species of Meenoplidae (ME), Delphacidae (DE), Tropiduchidae (TR) and Flatidae (FL) (Figure 5A) are exotic species (Figure 5B). Likewise, the indigenous species of Cixiidae (CI) are closely associated with indigenous non-endemic or endemic plants (Figure 5C). At the sub-classes plant level no particular pattern appears (Figure 5D). Notes: see Figure 2.
Figure 4 in Patterns of trophic relationships between planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) and their host plants on the Mascarene Islands
Figure 4. MCA with endemic insects on dicotyledons. The planthopper families (Figure 4A) with endemic species (Figure 4B) are distributed essentially on endemic or indigenous nonendemic plants (Figure 4C) except for Issidae (IS) which is associated with indigenous plants but also for some species (Borbonissus spp.) with numerous exotic plants (PEX). At the subclasses plant level no particular pattern appears (Figure 4D). Notes: see Figure 2.
Figure 2 in Patterns of trophic relationships between planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) and their host plants on the Mascarene Islands
Figure 2. MCA with exotic plants. Delphacidae (DE) and Meenoplidae (ME) (Figure 2A) represented by exotic species (ILR) (Figure 2B) are associated with herbs (h) (Figure 2C) distributed essentially on commelinids monocotyledons (SCOM). Likewise, Flatidae (FL), Ricaniidae (RI) and lssidae (IS) are essentially associated with dicotyledons (Figure 2D). Notes: Planthopper families: CI, Cixiidae; DE, Derbidae; FL, Flatidae; IS, Issidae; KI, Kinnaridae; ME, Meenoplidae; TR, Tropiduchidae; AC, Achilidae; RI, Ricaniidae; DE, Delphacidae. Insect status: IMD, Madagascar; IR; endemic to La Réunion; IM, endemic to
Data from: Climate effects on fish body size-trophic position relationship depend on ecosystem type
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Data from: Trophic niche breadth of pond zooplankton species using stable isotope analysis and the relationship with the abiotic and biotic factors
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Weak trophic position-body mass relationships undermine simple size spectrum models for coral reefs
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Supplementary material 1 from: Zarzoso-Lacoste D, Bonnaud E, Corse E, Dubut V, Lorvelec O, De Meringo H, Santelli C, Meunier J-Y, Ghestemme T, Gouni A, Vidal E (2019) Stuck amongst introduced species: Trophic ecology reveals complex relationships between the critically endangered Niau kingfisher and introduced predators, competitors and prey. NeoBiota 53: 61-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.53.35086
: Data type: species data
Supplementary material 4 from: Zarzoso-Lacoste D, Bonnaud E, Corse E, Dubut V, Lorvelec O, De Meringo H, Santelli C, Meunier J-Y, Ghestemme T, Gouni A, Vidal E (2019) Stuck amongst introduced species: Trophic ecology reveals complex relationships between the critically endangered Niau kingfisher and introduced predators, competitors and prey. NeoBiota 53: 61-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.53.35086
: Link: https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.53.35086.suppl4
Supplementary material 3 from: Zarzoso-Lacoste D, Bonnaud E, Corse E, Dubut V, Lorvelec O, De Meringo H, Santelli C, Meunier J-Y, Ghestemme T, Gouni A, Vidal E (2019) Stuck amongst introduced species: Trophic ecology reveals complex relationships between the critically endangered Niau kingfisher and introduced predators, competitors and prey. NeoBiota 53: 61-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.53.35086
: Data type: measurement
Supplementary material 2 from: Zarzoso-Lacoste D, Bonnaud E, Corse E, Dubut V, Lorvelec O, De Meringo H, Santelli C, Meunier J-Y, Ghestemme T, Gouni A, Vidal E (2019) Stuck amongst introduced species: Trophic ecology reveals complex relationships between the critically endangered Niau kingfisher and introduced predators, competitors and prey. NeoBiota 53: 61-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.53.35086
: Data type: measurement
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.