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86 results for “two sexes”
Data from: Regular or covert sex defines two lineages and worldwide superclones within the leaf-curl plum aphid (Brachycaudus helichrysi, Kaltenbach)
Asexual reproduction occurs widely in plants and animals, particularly in insects. Aphid species usually reproduce by cyclic parthenogenesis, but many species include obligate asexual lineages. We recently showed that the leaf-curl plum aphid, Brachycaudus helichrysi, actually encompasses two lineages, B. helichrysi H1 and H2. Ecological data suggest that these lineages have different life cycles. We conducted a large population genetic study, based on 14 microsatellite loci, to infer their respective life cycles and investigate their population structure and geographic distribution. Brachycaudus helichrysi H1 displayed the genetic signature of cyclical parthenogenesis, using plum trees as primary hosts for sexual reproduction, as classically described for B. helichrysi. This global survey showed that the Central Asian population of H1 was clearly differentiated from American - European populations. By contrast, B. helichrysi H2 displayed the typical signature of obligate asexual reproduction. H2 encompassed at least eight highly successful genotypes or superclones. This lack of ability to undergo sexual reproduction was confirmed for one of the superclones by sex induction experiments. We found only one B. helichrysi H2 population that underwent sexual reproduction, which was collected from peach trees, in Northern India. Our results confirm that H1 and H2 have different life cycles. Brachycaudus helichrysi H1 is clearly heteroecious using plum trees as primary hosts while B. helichrysi H2 encompasses several anholocyclic lineages and some heteroecious populations that until now have only been found associated with peach trees as primary hosts. We discuss implications of these findings for the pest status of B. helichrysi lineages.
FIGURES 5–8 in Descriptions of unknown sexes, new geographical records, and host associations for two South American species of Megachile (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)
FIGURES 5–8. Megachile (Pseudocentron) variplantis Vachal. Female. 5, habitus, lateral view. 6, head and mesosoma, lateral view. 7, head, frontal view. 8, metasoma, dorsal view.
FIGURES 1–4 in Descriptions of unknown sexes, new geographical records, and host associations for two South American species of Megachile (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)
FIGURES 1–4. Megachile (Chrysosarus) concava Mitchell. Female. 1, habitus, lateral view. 2, head and mesosoma, lateral view. 3, head, frontal view. 4, metasoma, dorsal view.
FIGURES 19–24 in Two new tardigrade species from Romania (Eutardigrada: Milnesiidae, Macrobiotidae), with some remarks on secondary sex characters in Milnesium dornensis sp. nov.
FIGURES 19–24. Minibiotus diversus sp. nov.: 19—pores arranged in rows between legs I and II; 20—pores on dorsal side; 21—triangle–like formation of pores on ventral side of head segment; 22—large pores on frontal side of the body (dorsal view); 23–24—large pores on posterior side of the body (dorsal view).
FIGURES 11–14 in Two new tardigrade species from Romania (Eutardigrada: Milnesiidae, Macrobiotidae), with some remarks on secondary sex characters in Milnesium dornensis sp. nov.
FIGURES 11–14. Milnesium dornensis sp. nov. male: 11—modified claws I; 12—claws III; 13—claws IV; 14—accessory point on main branch of claw.
FIGURES 7–10 in Two new tardigrade species from Romania (Eutardigrada: Milnesiidae, Macrobiotidae), with some remarks on secondary sex characters in Milnesium dornensis sp. nov.
FIGURES 7–10. Milnesium dornensis sp. nov. female: 7—claws I; 8—dorsal plates on caudal end; 9—claws IV; 10—accessory point on main branch of claw.
FIGURES 3–6 in Two new tardigrade species from Romania (Eutardigrada: Milnesiidae, Macrobiotidae), with some remarks on secondary sex characters in Milnesium dornensis sp. nov.
FIGURES 3–6. Milnesium dornensis sp. nov. female: 3—buccal apparatus (ventral view); 4—sculpture on dorsal cuticle; male: 5—buccal apparatus; 6—sculpture on dorsal cuticle (ventral view).
FIGURES 25–29 in Two new tardigrade species from Romania (Eutardigrada: Milnesiidae, Macrobiotidae), with some remarks on secondary sex characters in Milnesium dornensis sp. nov.
FIGURES 25–29. Minibiotus diversus sp. nov.: 25–28—granulation on legs I–IV; 29—large pores on external side of the legs II–III (lateral view).
FIGURES 9–16. Pseudochalcura spp. 9–11 in A new species of Pseudochalcura Ashmead (Chalcidoidea: Eucharitidae) from Argentina with descriptions of alternate sexes of two other species
FIGURES 9–16. Pseudochalcura spp. 9–11, Pseudochalcura pauca (♂): 9, habitus; 10, antenna (lateral); 11, head (frontal). 12–15, P. prolata (♂): 12, head (frontal); 13, antenna (lateral); 14, habitus; 15, mesosoma (dorsal). 16, P. pauca (♂): mesosoma (dorsal).
FIGURES 1–8 in A new species of Pseudochalcura Ashmead (Chalcidoidea: Eucharitidae) from Argentina with descriptions of alternate sexes of two other species
FIGURES 1–8. Pseudochalcura carinata sp. nov.: 1, habitus (♀); 2, mesosoma (♀, lateral); 3, head (♀, frontal); 4, antenna (♀, lateral); 5, antenna (♂, lateral); 6, habitus (♂); 7, mesosoma (♂, dorsal); 8, mesosoma (♀, dorsal). ax, axilla; db, dorsal branch; clv, clava; F2, basal flagellomeres; llm, lateral lobe of mesoscutum; LOL, lateral ocellar line; mlm, midlobe of mesoscutum; msctl, mesoscutellum; OOL, ocular ocellar line; ped, pedicel; POL, posterior ocellar line; scp, scape; scd, scutellar disc.
FIGURES 7–12 in Description of unknown sexes in two Pireneitega species from Tajikistan (Araneae: Agelenidae, Coelotinae)
FIGURES 7–12. Habitus and male palp of Pireneitega tyurai (7–11) and P. kovblyuki (12). 7 male habitus, dorsal; 8–10 palp, prolateral, retrolateral and ventral; 11–12 whole palp, lateral in the same scale, showing size difference in two sibling species. Scale = 0.2 mm if not otherwise indicated. Abbreviations: Cf cymbial furrow, Co conductor, Pa patellar apophysis, Ta retrolateral tibial apophysis.
FIGURES 1–6 in Description of unknown sexes in two Pireneitega species from Tajikistan (Araneae: Agelenidae, Coelotinae)
FIGURES 1–6. Habitus and copulatory organs of Pireneitega kovblyuki. 1 male habitus, dorsal; 2–3 female habitus, dorsal and ventral; 4–5 epigyne, ventral and dorsal; 6 male palp, patella and tibia in ventral view showing distinct patellar apophysis. Scale = 0.2 mm if not otherwise indicated. Abbreviations: Bd basal part of copulatory duct, Et epigynal tooth, Md middle part of copulatory duct Re receptacle, Rf rebordered part of fovea, Se septum, Td terminal part of copulatory duct.
Fig. 6 in Dugesia hepta and Dugesia benazzii (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida): two sympatric species with occasional sex?
Fig. 6 Summarization of dataset IV groups and their characteristics. Individuals whose karyotype is stablished are highlighted with bivalent chromosome symbol. Black and white split-up circles indicate individuals with recombinant sequences
Fig. 2 in Dugesia hepta and Dugesia benazzii (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida): two sympatric species with occasional sex?
Fig. 2 Sampling localities used for this study and geographical distribution of D. hepta and D. benazzii. Localities are numbered according to Supporting information Table S1. Red-colored circles
Fig. 5 Haplotype networks for datasets IV in Dugesia hepta and Dugesia benazzii (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida): two sympatric species with occasional sex?
Fig. 5 Haplotype networks for datasets IV (a Dunuc12) and III (b Cox1). Haplotypes are depicted as individual circles which are proportional to their abundancy (number of sequences), highlighted in a white square. Mutations are either depicted with black bars or black triangles when the number of mutations between linked haplotypes is equal to or exceeds a certain
Figure 1 in Behavioural and morphological dimorphism of the sexes: an account of two primitively eusocial wasps
Figure 1. Body size of R. marginata and R. cyathiformis males and females plotted in a twodimensional principal component space.
Figure 3 in Behavioural and morphological dimorphism of the sexes: an account of two primitively eusocial wasps
Figure 3. Comparison of R. marginata and R. cyathiformis males and females for eight behaviours: (a) sit and groom (SG), (b) away from nest (FG), (c) feeding (FE), (d) feeding larvae (FL), (e) solicit, (f) being solicited (SS), (g) dominance behaviour (DB) and (h) subordinate behaviour. Letters represent comparison across sex within species; numbers represent comparison within sex across species. Bars carrying different letters/numbers are significantly different from each other (Mann–Whitney U test, p <0.05; please see supplementary table S1 for detailed statistical results).
Figure 2 in Behavioural and morphological dimorphism of the sexes: an account of two primitively eusocial wasps
Figure 2. Dry body weight of R. marginata and R. cyathiformis males and females. Bars carrying different letters are significantly different from each other (t-test, p <0.05).
Figure 5 in Behavioural and morphological dimorphism of the sexes: an account of two primitively eusocial wasps
Figure 5. Behavioural dendrograms of R. marginata and R. cyathiformis based on the Morisita– Horn index of beta diversity. The indices were calculated for each pair of groups based on frequency of or proportion of time spent in (a) individual behaviours and (b) interaction-based behaviours.
Figure 1 in Sexual dimorphism in chelicerae, forelegs and palpal traits in two burrowing wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) with sex-role reversal
Figure 1. Dimorphism in chelicerae pigmentation (frontal views). Males (A, C) show darker pigmentation than females (B, D) in both species: Allocosa brasiliensis (above) and Allocosa alticeps (below).
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.