Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
39
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
39 results for “urban function”
Data from: Functional diversity of phyllostomid bats in an urban-rural landscape: a scale-dependent analysis
<p>Urbanization is one of the most pervasive landscape transformational processes responsible for novel selection agents promoting functional community homogenization. Bats may persist in those human environments, but the mechanisms responsible for their adaptability and the spatial scales in which landscape imposes environmental filtering remain poorly studied in the Neotropics. We tested the hypothesis that landscape composition interacts with the spatial scale to affect the functional diversity of phyllostomids in an urban-rural gradient. Based on functional traits, we calculated indices of functional richness, divergence, evenness, community-weighted means of morphological traits, and classified species into functional groups. We evaluated the changes of those variables in response to forest, grassland, and urbanized areas at 0.5, 1.25 and, 2 km scales. The number of functional groups, functional richness, and functional evenness tended to be higher in areas far from cities and with higher forest cover, whereas functional divergence increased in more urbanized areas. Our results show that the mean value of wing loading in the assemblage was negatively associated to landscape transformation at several spatial scales. However, environmental filtering driven by grass cover was particularly robust at the 500 m scale, affecting big-sized species with long pointed wings. Retaining natural forest in cattle ranging systems at ~12 km<sup>2</sup> appears to favor bat abundance evenness among functional types in the urban-rural landscape. Recognizing the scale of the effect on phyllostomid functional responses appears to be a fundamental issue for elucidating the spatial extent to which phyllostomid conservation planning in urban-rural landscapes should be addressed.</p>
Data from: Functional homogenization of flower visitor communities with urbanization
Land-use intensification and resulting habitat loss are put forward as the main causes of flower visitor decline. However, the impact of urbanization, the prime driver of land-use intensification in Europe, is poorly studied. In particular, our understanding of whether and how it affects the composition and functioning of flower visitor assemblages is scant, yet required to cope with increasing urbanization worldwide. Here, we use a nation-wide dataset of plant-flower visitor (Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera) interactions sampled by citizen scientists following a standardized protocol to assess macroecological changes in richness and composition of flower visitor communities with urbanization. We measured the community composition by quantifying the relative occurrence of generalist and specialist flower visitors based on their specialisation on flowering plant families. We show that urbanization is associated with reduced flower visitor richness and a shift in community composition toward generalist insects, indicating a modification of the functional composition of communities. These results suggest that urbanization affects not only the richness of flower visitor assemblages but may also cause their large-scale functional homogenization. Future research should focus on designing measures to reconcile urban development with flower visitor conservation.
Data from: Functional connectivity in replicated urban landscapes in the land snail (Cornu aspersum)
Urban areas are highly fragmented and thereby exert strong constraints on individual dispersal. Despite this, some species manage to persist in urban areas, such as the garden snail, Cornu aspersum, which is common in cityscapes despite its low mobility. Using landscape genetic approaches, we combined study area replication and multi-scale analysis to determine how landscape composition, configuration, and connectivity influence snail dispersal across urban areas. At the overall landscape scale, areas with a high percentage of roads decreased genetic differentiation between populations. At the population scale, genetic differentiation was positively linked with building surface, the proportion of borders where wooded patches and roads appeared side-by-side and the proportion of borders combining wooded patches and other impervious areas. Analyses based on pairwise genetic distances validated the isolation-by-distance and isolation-by-resistance models for this land snail, with an equal fit to least-cost paths and circuit-theory-based models. Each of the 12 landscapes analyzed separately yielded specific relations to environmental features, whereas analyses integrating all replicates highlighted general common effects. Our results suggest that urban transport infrastructures facilitate passive snail dispersal. At a local scale, corresponding to active dispersal, unfavorable habitats (wooded and impervious areas) isolate populations. This work upholds the use of replicated landscapes to increase the generalizability of landscape genetics results, and shows how multi-scale analyses provide insight to scale-dependent processes.
Functional traits and size interact to influence growth and carbon sequestration among trees in urban greenspaces
<ol> <li>There is persistent uncertainty about how integrated plant functions, like growth, are mechanistically constrained and practically predicted by functional traits. For trees, these knowledge gaps persist for two reasons: first, studies of 'natural' forests are observational, with highly variable and confounding resource limitation and competition; second, most studies investigate only a few popular traits and ignore context-dependencies in trait-effects on growth (e.g., trait-environment or trait-ontogeny interactions).</li> <li>We assessed 17 traits as predictors of radial growth and aboveground carbon sequestration for 182 trees, including individuals of 42 species common to temperate cities. By focusing exclusively on planted trees growing in isolation, our unique study is a pseudo-experiment that spans a large range of taxonomic and trait variability and minimizes confounding effects of environmental heterogeneity (e.g., shifts in light availability with tree size). Focal traits included not only commonly measured traits related to leaf economics and plant size, but also wood traits and whole-plant phenology.</li> <li>Models with indices of tree ontogeny (size) and traits explained 80% and 72% of variability in relative growth and carbon sequestration, respectively, and traits accounted for ~20% of the variation. Traits related to said tree functions included leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf N content, mature height, wood anatomy, and phenology. LDMC was positively correlated with wood growth and C sequestration across all size classes, while the positive effects of leaf N, mature height, and wood density were only apparent for smaller trees. Ring-porous species had higher rates of growth and C sequestration than diffuse-porous species.</li> <li>Consistent with recent theory, growth rates of isolated, urban trees vary as a function of simple and interactive effects of traits and size. Our findings are useful for optimizing reforestation efforts in temperate cities, where planners and land managers can select species for rapid growth and C sequestration using freely available data for the 'effect' traits we identified, including wood anatomy and density, leaf N, and LDMC. Lastly, the trait-growth relationships we describe here may reflect those of 'naturally' isolated trees growing in savannas and/or woodlands and provide an insightful frame of reference for trees in closed-canopy forests.</li> </ol>
Taxonomic and functional homogenization of farmland birds along an urbanization gradient in a tropical megacity
<p>Urbanization is a major driver of land use change and biodiversity decline. While most of the ongoing and future urbanization hot spots are located in the Global South, the impact of urban expansion on agricultural biodiversity and associated functions and services in these regions has widely been neglected. Additionally, most studies assess biodiversity responses at local scale (α-diversity), however, ecosystem functioning is strongly determined by compositional and functional turnover of communities (β-diversity) at regional scales. We investigated taxonomic and functional β-diversity of farmland birds across three seasons on 36 vegetable farms spread along a continuous urbanization gradient in Bangalore, a South Indian megacity. Increasing amount of grey area in the farm surroundings was the dominant driver affecting β-diversity and resulting in taxonomic and functional homogenization of farmland bird communities. Functional diversity losses were higher than expected from species declines (i.e. urbanization acts as an environmental filter), with particular losses of functionally important groups such as insectivores of crop pests. Moreover, urbanization reduced functional redundancy of bird communities, which may further weaken ecosystems resilience to future perturbations. Our study underscores urbanization as a major driver of taxonomic and functional homogenization of species communities in agricultural systems, potentially threatening crucial ecosystem services for food production.</p>
Association Between Air Pollution Exposure and Respiratory Function Decline in Urban Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
<p>In our cross-sectional study examining the association between air pollution exposure and respiratory function decline in urban adults, we found compelling evidence of a significant relationship. Over a span of six months, we assessed respiratory function using spirometry measurements among 500 participants living in densely populated urban areas with varying levels of air pollution. Our results indicate a clear correlation between higher levels of particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide exposure and decreased lung function parameters, such as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). These findings underscore the critical impact of urban air quality on respiratory health, emphasizing the need for stringent air quality regulations and public health interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of air pollution on urban populations' respiratory well-being.</p>
Data from: Complementing urban agriculture and green spaces is important for ecosystem functions and biodiversity in cities: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Functional responses of insectivorous bats to increasing housing density support 'land-sparing' rather than ‘land-sharing’ urban growth strategies
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Cityscape genetics: structural vs. functional connectivity of an urban lizard population
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Local and landscape-scale environmental filters drive the functional diversity and taxonomic composition of spiders across urban greenspaces
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Functional traits and size interact to influence growth and carbon sequestration among trees in urban greenspaces
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Functional connectivity in replicated urban landscapes in the land snail (Cornu aspersum)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Taxonomic and functional homogenization of farmland birds along an urbanization gradient in a tropical megacity
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Functional diversity of phyllostomid bats in an urban-rural landscape: a scale-dependent analysis
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Functional homogenization of flower visitor communities with urbanization
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Irrigated urban trees exhibit greater functional trait plasticity compared to natural stand analogs
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Supplementary material 1 from: Wolf J, Haase D, Kühn I (2020) The functional composition of the neophytic flora changes in response to environmental conditions along a rural-urban gradient. NeoBiota 54: 23-47. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.54.38898
: Data type: (measurement/occurrence/multimedia/etc.)
Supporting data for "Reducing uncertainties in urban drainage models by explicitly accounting for timing errors in objective functions"
<p>Supporting data for "Reducing uncertainties in urban drainage models by explicitly accounting for timing errors in objective functions" submitted to Water Resources Research.</p> <p>Contains:</p> <ul> <li>SWMM template files.</li> <li>Objective function values for all model runs.</li> <li>Jupyter Notebooks used to create figures and tables for the article.</li> <li>Copy of rainfall runoff data available from <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3931582">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3931582</a></li> </ul> <p>For python implementations of the Hydrograph Matching Algorithm (Ewen 2011) see <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3923792">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3923792</a></p> <p>Ewen, John. “Hydrograph Matching Method for Measuring Model Performance.” <em>Journal of Hydrology</em> 408, no. 1–2 (September 2011): 178–87. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.07.038">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.07.038</a>.</p>
Thessaloniki's urban waterfront: decision-making and governmental aspects for adding metropolitan ecosystem functions
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.