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412 results for “verification”
Machine Learning Features from Proton Therapy Treatment Simulations with the Bergen DTC Prototype for Range Verification
<p>Extracted features from the simulation data found at DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8192778">10.5281/zenodo.8192778</a></p> <p>Each simulation constitutes a single data sample. The following features were extracted.</p> <p>Detector features:</p> <ul> <li>Total number of active pixels</li> <li>Total number of clusters (hits)</li> <li>Number of clusters over threshold (5, 20 pixels)</li> <li>Mean and standard deviation of cluster sizes</li> <li>The number of clusters of any given size (1–72)</li> <li>Mean and standard deviation of x- and y-coordinates over each layer (0–42), and the entire detector</li> <li>Number of active pixels in each layer (0–42)</li> <li>Number of clusters (hits) in each layer (0–42)</li> <li>Total energy deposition of the hits in each layer (0–42)</li> </ul> <p>Higher-level detector features, i.e., function fits (linear, cubic, exponential) with their mean squared residuals over the following quantities:</p> <ul> <li>Active pixels over layer</li> <li>Number of clusters over layer</li> <li>Total deposited energy over layer</li> </ul> <p>201 RSP features extracted from the beam spot, the phantom rotation, and its 3D RSP image.</p> <p>Two datasets are included in two separate archive files:</p> <ul> <li><strong>features.tar.gz:</strong> 715-HN phantom by CIRS Inc. (Norfolk, VA, United States), digitized by Giacometti et al. (2017).</li> <li><strong>features-vhf.tar.gz:</strong> The Visible Human Female (VHF) Head phantom (Ackermann et al. 1995), courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, resampled to 1 mm voxels and scaled down to 80% size in the simulation.</li> </ul> <p>After extracting features, some outliers were removed from the datasets: 14 samples for 715-HN and 3 samples for VHF. The rest of the samples were split into train (70%), validation (10%), and test (20%) sets, for both phantoms separately, which can be found in separate CSV files: features_train.csv, features_val.csv, features_test.csv (715-HN) and features-vhf_train.csv, features-vhf_val.csv, features-vhf_test.csv (VHF).</p> <p>The last file (features_shifted_test.csv (715-HN) and features-vhf_shifted_test.csv (VHF)) contains 40 additional samples for each data point in the respective test set, representing a simulated lateral shift between 1 mm and 10 mm in 1 mm intervals in all directions along the x- and y-axis of the beam.</p>
Proton Therapy Treatment Simulations with the Bergen DTC Prototype for Range Verification
<p>This dataset contains proton therapy Monte Carlo simulations using GATE (Jan et al. 2004) version 9.2 and Geant4 (Agostinelli et al. 2003; Allison et al. 2006; Allison et al. 2016) version 11.0.0. The treatment targets are the pediatric head phantom 715-HN by CIRS Inc. (Norfolk, VA, United States), digitized by Giacometti et al. (2017), and The Visible Human Female (VHF) head, courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, resampled to 1 mm voxels and scaled down to 80%. Distal to the phantom, is a simplified geometry of the digital tracking calorimeter designed by the <a href="https://www.uib.no/en/ift/142356/medical-physics-bergen-pct-project">Bergen pCT collaboration</a> for proton computed tomography (Alme et al. 2020).</p> <ul> <li><strong>treatment_simulations.tar.gz:</strong> 36258 simulations with the 715-HN phantom</li> <li><strong>treatment_simulations_vhf.tar.gz:</strong> 35673 simulations with the VHF phantom</li> </ul> <p>Each simulation is a single pencil beam with <span class="math-tex">\(10^7\)</span> primary protons. To determine valid spots to use, probing simulations with <span class="math-tex">\(10^5\)</span> primaries were conducted, where the beam position, energy, and phantom rotation were varied: 10 mm interval in the xy-plane for the beam position, 3 mm water range interval for the beam energy, and 30° rotations of the phantom. If no primary was found in the detecter after the probing simulation, it is a valid spot for the dataset.</p> <p>Resulting hit files, containing simulated detector readout, can be found in the archive files for the respective phantom. Each simulation is accompanied by a metafile in JSON format, specifying all parameters used to produce the output. E.g., beam position and energy can be found in "parameters" -> "beam_spot_x", "beam_spot_y", "beam_energy" and the phantom rotation can be found in "parameters" -> "phantom_rotation_angle".</p> <p>Simulation data has been pre-processed with two steps. First, hits for the same track in the same layer are binned together into a single entry by averaging the positions (posX, posY, posZ) and summing the energy depositions (edep). Second, the energy deposition values are discretized into a cluster size and back into MeV, to represent the energy resolution of the ALPIDE chip (Alme et al. 2020). Clusters of size 0 are removed. Additionally, some of the unused GATE output columns are removed and a column specifying the detector layer is created through the formula layer = 2*volumeID[2] + volumeID[3]. Details about the meaning of the other output columns can be found in the <a href="https://opengate.readthedocs.io/en/latest/data_output_management.html">GATE documentation</a>.</p>
Experiments for "Automata Theoretic Approach to Verification of MPLS Networks under Link Failures"
<p><strong>Prerequisites:</strong></p> <ol> <li>A 2020 linux distribution on an x86_64 platform</li> <li>python3 installation with os, sys, json and statistics packages installed for computation of timing statistics</li> <li>pdflatex for visualization of reachability matrices</li> </ol> <p><strong>Contents:</strong></p> <ul> <li>The <em>bin</em> folder contains the pre-compiled binaries for our tool and the backend verifier for pushdown-systems, <em>moped.</em></li> <li>The <em>sources</em> folder contains a snapshot of source-code used for producing the tool binary, namely <ul> <li>AalWiNes, also found at https://github.com/DEIS-Tools/AalWiNes in release v0.92.J (337f1e4c44f8bce2060897b88e706f7ceca38319)</li> <li>PDAAAL, used for pushdown-system manipulation, also found at https://github.com/DEIS-Tools/PDAAAL in release v0.2.2.J (ed1e7fbb4cacd6ffb240a514cfe8472f83d91f60)</li> </ul> </li> <li>The <em>nested</em> folder contains scripts and models for reproducing the results of Table IV</li> <li>The <em>nn-net</em> folder contains scripts and models for constructing reachability-matrices (Table V to Table XII) and operator specific queries</li> <li>Within the <em>nn-net</em> folder, you also find a mapping from alphabetical naming of NORDUnet routers in the paper to numericals <em>(nn-net/index-alpha-map.txt)</em></li> </ul> <p><strong>P-Rex vs HSA (Table IV)</strong></p> <p>We here re-use the HSA-timings computed in <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3281411.3281432">https://doi.org/10.1145/3281411.3281432</a></p> <p>The timings for our tool can be obtained by the following commands</p> <pre><code class="language-bash">cd nested ./compute_nested.sh | grep "#"</code></pre> <p>which should compute a sequence of lines in the terminal equal to</p> <pre><code class="language-bash">### Running N0 with aalwines ### Memory: 27064 Kb Time 0.02 seconds ### Running N1 with aalwines ### Memory: 37404 Kb Time 0.03 seconds ### Running N2 with aalwines ### Memory: 47704 Kb Time 0.03 seconds ### Running N3 with aalwines ### Memory: 57784 Kb Time 0.04 seconds ### Running N4 with aalwines ### Memory: 68368 Kb Time 0.04 seconds ### Running N5 with aalwines ### Memory: 78468 Kb Time 0.05 seconds ### Running N6 with aalwines ### Memory: 88980 Kb Time 0.06 seconds </code></pre> <p><strong>Operator Queries</strong></p> <p>The experiments on the queries of the operators can be computed via the commands</p> <pre><code class="language-bash">cd nn-net ./compute_operator.sh </code></pre> <p>which should complete less than 10 minutes.</p> <p>The traces and timings are outputted directly to the terminal.</p> <p><strong>Reachability Matrices (Table V to Table XII)</strong></p> <p>This package folder comes pre-populated with the raw computation results. Notice that the <em>compute_grid.sh</em> command will invalidate these results.</p> <p>To compute the full set of reachability tables, you can use the following commands</p> <pre><code class="language-bash">cd nn-net ./make_queries.sh ./compute_grid.sh</code></pre> <p>Notice, however, that this computation in total takes more than two days to complete on a single core.</p> <p>To reduce the size of the experiment, clear the contents of the <em>query</em> sub-folder an modify the <em>make_queries.sh</em> file by commenting out unwanted queries and parameter-combinations.</p> <p>To obtain a matrix, the command</p> <pre><code class="language-bash">./make_grid.sh aalwines IP IP 0 > ip_ip.tex pdflatex ip_ip.tex</code></pre> <p>which generated the IP IP matrix with 0 failures.<br> For the second argument, the following values are supported <em>IP, MPLS</em> while the third argument can also attain the value of <em>ANY</em>. The fourth argument gives the number of link failures.</p> <p>Timing information for the reachability-matrices can be obtained by</p> <pre><code class="language-bash">python3 ./timing_stats.py aalwines 3 IP_IP_UNDER_0</code></pre> <p>where the third argument determines the reduction-type used, and the fourth argument gives the specific query and engine mode used. In the given example we attain the statistics for reduction-mode 3 for the IP-IP matrix using under-approximation on zero link-failures.</p> <p>The <em>pre-reduction</em> and <em>post-reduction</em> elements of the output give the size of the constructed pushdown system before (and after) reduction respectively.</p>
Results of the 10th Intl. Competition on Software Verification (SV-COMP 2021)
<p>Competition Results</p> <p>This file describes the contents of an archive of the 10th Competition on Software Verification (SV-COMP 2021).<br> <a href="https://sv-comp.sosy-lab.org/2021/">https://sv-comp.sosy-lab.org/2021/</a></p> <p>The competition was run by Dirk Beyer, LMU Munich, Germany.<br> More information is available in the following article:<br> Dirk Beyer. <em>Software Verification: 10th Comparative Evaluation (SV-COMP 2021).</em> In Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS 2021, Luxembourg, March 27 - April 1), 2021. Springer.</p> <p>Copyright (C) Dirk Beyer<br> <a href="https://www.sosy-lab.org/people/beyer/">https://www.sosy-lab.org/people/beyer/</a></p> <p>SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0<br> <a href="https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-4.0.html">https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-4.0.html</a></p> <p>To browse the competition results with a web browser, there are two options:</p> <ul> <li>start a local web server using php -S localhost:8000 in order to view the data in this archive, or</li> <li>browse https://sv-comp.sosy-lab.org/2021/results/ in order to view the data on the SV-COMP web page.</li> </ul> <p>Contents</p> <ul> <li><code>index.html</code>: directs to the overview web page</li> <li><code>LICENSE.txt</code>: specifies the license</li> <li><code>README.txt</code>: this file</li> <li><code>results-validated/</code>: results of validation runs</li> <li><code>results-verified/</code>: results of verification runs and aggregated results</li> </ul> <p>The folder <code>results-validated/</code> contains the results from validation runs:</p> <ul> <li><code>*.xml.bz2</code>: XML results from BenchExec</li> <li><code>*.logfiles.zip</code>: output from tools</li> <li><code>*.json.gz</code>: mapping from files names to SHA 256 hashes for the file content</li> </ul> <p>The folder <code>results-verified/</code> contains the results from verification runs and aggregated results:</p> <ul> <li><code>index.html</code>: overview web page with rankings and score table</li> <li><code>*.xml.bz2</code>: XML results from BenchExec</li> <li><code>*.merged.xml.bz2</code>: XML results from BenchExec, status adjusted according to the validation results</li> <li><code>*.logfiles.zip</code>: output from tools</li> <li><code>*.json.gz</code>: mapping from files names to SHA 256 hashes for the file content</li> <li><code>*.xml.bz2.table.html</code>: HTML views on the detailed results data as generated by BenchExec’s table generator</li> <li><code>*.All.table.html</code>: HTML views of the full benchmark set (all categories) for each tool</li> <li><code>META_*.table.html</code>: HTML views of the benchmark set for each meta category for each tool, and over all tools</li> <li><code><category>*.table.html</code>: HTML views of the benchmark set for each category over all tools</li> <li><code>iZeCa0gaey.html</code>: HTML views per tool</li> <li> <p><code>validatorStatistics.html</code>: Statictics of the validator runs</p> </li> <li><code>quantilePlot-*</code>: score-based quantile plots as visualization of the results</li> <li><code>quantilePlotShow.gp</code>: example Gnuplot script to generate a plot</li> <li> <p><code>score*</code>: accumulated score results in various formats</p> </li> </ul> <p>The hashes of the file names (in the files *.json.gz) are useful for</p> <ul> <li>validating the exact contents of a file and</li> <li>accessing the files from the witness store.</li> </ul> <p>Other Archives</p> <p>Overview over archives from SV-COMP 2021 that are available at Zenodo:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4459196">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4459196</a> Witness store (containing the generated verification witnesses)</li> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4458215">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4458215</a> Results (XML result files, log files, file mappings, HTML tables)</li> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4459126">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4459126</a> Verification tasks, version svcomp21</li> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4317433">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4317433</a> BenchExec, version 3.6</li> </ul> <p>All benchmarks were executed for SV-COMP 2021 <a href="https://sv-comp.sosy-lab.org/2021/">https://sv-comp.sosy-lab.org/2021/</a><br> by Dirk Beyer, LMU Munich, based on the following components:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/sv-comp/archives-2021">https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/sv-comp/archives-2021</a> svcomp21-0-g08c7a98</li> <li><a href="https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/software/sv-benchmarks">https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/software/sv-benchmarks</a> svcomp21-0-g4cc6b6d96a</li> <li><a href="https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/software/benchexec">https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/software/benchexec</a> 3.6-0-gb278ebbb</li> <li><a href="https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/benchmarking/competition-scripts">https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/benchmarking/competition-scripts</a> svcomp21-0-g8339740</li> <li><a href="https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/sv-comp/bench-defs">https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/sv-comp/bench-defs</a> svcomp21-0-ga57fe48</li> </ul> <p>Contact</p> <p>Feel free to contact me in case of questions: <a href="https://www.sosy-lab.org/people/beyer/">https://www.sosy-lab.org/people/beyer/</a></p>
Verification Witnesses from Verification Tools (SV-COMP 2021)
<p>Verification Witnesses</p> <p>This file describes the contents of an archive of the 10th Competition on Software Verification (SV-COMP 2021).<br> <a href="https://sv-comp.sosy-lab.org/2021/">https://sv-comp.sosy-lab.org/2021/</a></p> <p>The competition was run by Dirk Beyer, LMU Munich, Germany.<br> More information is available in the following article:<br> Dirk Beyer. <em>Software Verification: 10th Comparative Evaluation (SV-COMP 2021).</em> In Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS 2021, Luxembourg, March 27 - April 1), 2021. Springer.</p> <p>Copyright (C) Dirk Beyer<br> <a href="https://www.sosy-lab.org/people/beyer/">https://www.sosy-lab.org/people/beyer/</a></p> <p>SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0<br> <a href="https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-4.0.html">https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-4.0.html</a></p> <p>Contents</p> <ul> <li><code>LICENSE.txt</code>: specifies the license</li> <li><code>README.txt</code>: this file</li> <li><code>witnessFileByHash/</code>: This directory contains verification witnesses. Each verification witness in this directory is stored in a file whose name is the SHA2 256-bit hash of its contents followed by the filename extension .graphml. The format of each verification witness is described on the format web page: <a href="https://github.com/sosy-lab/sv-witnesses/">https://github.com/sosy-lab/sv-witnesses/</a> A verification witness contains also metadata in order to relate it to the verification task for which it was produced.</li> <li><code>witnessInfoByHash/</code>: This directory contains for each verification witness in directory witnessFileByHash/ a record in JSON format (also using the SHA2 256-bit hash of the witness as filename, with .json as filename extension) that contains the meta data.</li> <li><code>witnessListByProgramHashJSON/</code>: For convenient access to all verification witnesses for a certain program, this directory represents a function that maps each program (via its SHA2256-bit hash) to a set of verification witnesses (JSON records for verification witnesses as described above) that the verification tools have produced for that program. For each program for which verification witnesses exist, the directory contains a JSON file (using the SHA2 256-bit hash of the program as filename, with .json as filename extension) that contains all JSON records for verification witnesses for that program.</li> </ul> <p>The data structure is described in the following article:<br> Dirk Beyer. <em>A Data Set of Program Invariants and Error Paths.</em> In Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE/ACM 16th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR 2019, Montreal, Canada, May 26-27), pages 111-115, 2019. IEEE.<br> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/MSR.2019.00026">https://doi.org/10.1109/MSR.2019.00026</a></p> <p>Other Archives</p> <p>Overview over archives from SV-COMP 2021 that are available at Zenodo:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4459196">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4459196</a> Witness store (containing the generated verification witnesses)</li> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4458215">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4458215</a> Results (XML result files, log files, file mappings, HTML tables)</li> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4459126">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4459126</a> Verification tasks, version svcomp21</li> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4317433">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4317433</a> BenchExec, version 3.6</li> </ul> <p>All benchmarks were executed for SV-COMP 2021 <a href="https://sv-comp.sosy-lab.org/2021/">https://sv-comp.sosy-lab.org/2021/</a><br> by Dirk Beyer, LMU Munich, based on the following components:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/sv-comp/archives-2021">https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/sv-comp/archives-2021</a> svcomp21-0-g08c7a98</li> <li><a href="https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/software/sv-benchmarks">https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/software/sv-benchmarks</a> svcomp21-0-g4cc6b6d96a</li> <li><a href="https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/software/benchexec">https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/software/benchexec</a> 3.6-0-gb278ebbb</li> <li><a href="https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/benchmarking/competition-scripts">https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/benchmarking/competition-scripts</a> svcomp21-0-g8339740</li> <li><a href="https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/sv-comp/bench-defs">https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/sv-comp/bench-defs</a> svcomp21-0-ga57fe48</li> </ul> <p>Contact</p> <p>Feel free to contact me in case of questions: <a href="https://www.sosy-lab.org/people/beyer/">https://www.sosy-lab.org/people/beyer/</a></p>
baofeng-apm/DATAforAGU: First release of data for Love verification
<p>Love waveform derived from the empirical Green's functions and Ground Truth earthquake in my manuscript submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth.</p>
Datasets used in the Lab Validation of the RADON Verification Tool
<p>This repository contains the datasets that have been used to perform the lab validation of the RADON verification tool. In order to replicate the experiments, please unzip the file "validation-datasets.zip" and run the following command:</p> <pre><code class="language-bash">./run_all.rb {path_to_VT} list.json</code></pre> <p> </p>
Dataset for Close Miking Empirical Practice Verification: A Source Separation Approach
<p>A dataset consisting of audio files which serve as support material to the following work: "Close Miking Empirical Practice Verification: A Source Separation Approach" by K. Drossos, S.I. Mimilakis, A. Floros, T. Virtanen and G. Schuller.</p> <p>The audio files contain information about two kind of signals a noise (pink noise) and a guitar (musical source) signal. For each signal multiple recordings, using a sampling frequency of 44.1kHz@16-bit, exist which are dependent upon the following variables:<br> - Mircophone type (polar pattern: Omni-directional and cardioid lobe) @Corresponding Folders: Omni & Card<br> - Microphone angle (30 and 45 degrees only for the cardioid microphone) @Corresponding Folders: C30 & C45<br> - Sound pressure levels for the source (SPLs) and the noise(SPLn) (SPLs : 94dB, 97dB, 100dB || SPLn: 88dB, 91dB, 94dB, 97dB, 100dB)<br> - 12 Distances in meters: 0.03m - 0.30m with a step size of 0.03m & 0.30m - 1.00m with a step size of 0.35m</p> <p>Each recording set contains also the original "clean" sources and their mixture for all the above configurations.<br> <br> The equipment used to record the above signals:<br> -Sound level meter (SLM): B&K 2250 Type A SLM <br> -Mic. A: & Shure SM57, dynamic, cardioid<br> -Mic. B: & Behringer ECM8000, condenser, omni-directional<br> -Laptop: Macbook Pro 15''<br> -Recording software: Digidesign ProTools M-Powered 8<br> -Musical instrument amplifier: Behringer V-Tone GMX212<br> -Digital sound card: M-Audio Fast Track Ultra<br> -Loudspeaker: Electrovoice SX300<br> <br> All recordings took place on the main stage of an empty municipal theater in Lixoyri, Kefallonia, Greece.<br> The authors would like to thank the Department of Technology of Sound and Musical Instruments,<br> Technological Educational Institute of Ionian Islands, for providing the equipment for the measurements.</p>
Fig. 1 in Spore Dimorphism in Nosema pyrausta (Microsporidia, Nosematidae): from Morphological Evidence to Molecular Genetic Verification
Fig. 1. DAPI fluorescence (A, С) and Nomarski contrast (B, D) of monokaryotic (A, B) and diplokaryotic (C, D) spores of microsporidia detected in Ostrinia nubilalis larvae. Arrows and double arrows indicate single nuclei and diplokarya, respectively. Scale bar = 4 µm.
Efficient Techniques for Formal Verification of C Programs: SV-COMP 2022 dataset
<p>This dataset contains the data on the last set of pre-run benchmarks of the tool Theta on SV-COMP 2022. The benchmarks were executed by the SV-COMP 2022 organizers, but a short evaluation of these are added in the Bachelor's Thesis with the title Efficient Techniques for Formal Verification of C programs.</p> <p>This dataset archives these benchmark results so they are always available to the reader's of this thesis.</p> <p>The html and csv files are generated with the table-generator utility of Benchexec from the .xml.bz2 files. One contains the results of the Concurrency Safety category only, while the other contains all categories.</p>
Sustainable Smart Tags with Two-Step Verification for Anticounterfeiting Triggered by the Photothermal Response of Upconverting Nanoparticles
<p>Dataset accompanying figures published in the publication DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6245930</p>
GNSS Location Verification in Connected and Autonomous Vehicles Using in-Vehicle Multimodal Sensor Data Fusion (presentation recording)
<p>Video recording of the presentation for the publication N. Souli et al., "GNSS Location Verification in Connected and Autonomous Vehicles Using in-Vehicle Multimodal Sensor Data Fusion," 2020 22nd International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON), Bari, Italy, 2020, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/ICTON51198.2020.9203087.</p>
A quantitative interphase model for polymer nanocomposites: Verification, validation, and consequences regarding size effects: dataset
<p><strong>Abstract:</strong><br> (from [1])</p> <blockquote> <p>The enhanced mechanical behavior of polymer nanocomposites with spherical filler particles is attributed to the formation of matrix-filler interphases. The nano-scale leads to particularly high interphase volume fractions while rendering experimental investigations extremely difficult. Previously, we introduced a molecular dynamics-based interphase model capturing the crucial spatial profiles of elastic and inelastic properties inside the interphase. This contribution demonstrates that our model captures polymer nanocomposites’ essential characteristics reported from experiments. To this end, we thoroughly verify and validate the model before discussing the resulting local plastic strain distribution. Furthermore, we obtain a reinforcement in terms of the overall stiffness for smaller particles and higher filler contents, while the influence of particle spacing seems negligible, matching experimental observations in the literature. This paper proposes a methodology to unravel the underlying complex mechanical behavior of polymer nanocomposites and to translate the findings into engineering quantities accessible to a broader audience and technical applications.</p> </blockquote> <p><br> <br> <strong>Contact:</strong><br> Maximilian Ries<br> Institute of Applied Mechanics<br> Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg<br> Egerlandstr. 5<br> 91058 Erlangen</p> <p><strong>Software:</strong><br> Abaqus version R2018</p> <p><strong>License:</strong><br> Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International<br> <br> <strong>Context:</strong><br> Data set supplementing journal paper:<br> [1] Ries, M.; Weber, F.; Possart, G.; Steinmann, P. & Pfaller, S., “A quantitative interphase model for polymer nanocomposites: Verification, validation, and consequences regarding size effects”, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2022, 107094.<br> This dataset contains the results presented in [1] and the necessary data to obtain those.</p> <p><br> <strong>Content:</strong></p> <p>simulation folder denotation (“-” used instead of decimal points):<br> distance_particles _ radius_particle _ thickness_ip _ num_ip _ length_box _ factor_el_length _ fraction_box_length _ switch_mat_ip</p> <p>with</p> <ul> <li> distance_particles: center distance of the nanoparticles in nm</li> <li> radius_particle: radius of the nanoparticles in nm</li> <li> thickness_ip: thickness of the interphase layers in nm</li> <li> num_ip: number of interphase layers</li> <li> length_box: box edge length in nm</li> <li> factor_el_length: factor scaling the element length on the arcs of the interphase layers (element length = factor_el_length * thickness_ip)</li> <li> fraction_box_length: matrix element length = length_box / fraction_box_length</li> <li> switch_mat_ip: if = 0: interphases are assigned their actual material properties, if = 1: interphases are assigned the material properties of the bulk</li> </ul> <p> <br> <br> each simulation folder contains the following file types:</p> <ul> <li> .cae: Abaqus model database, containing parts, meshes, loads, etc.</li> <li> .dat: Printed output from the analysis input file processor, as well as printed output of selected results written during the analysis</li> <li> .inp: Analysis input file</li> <li> .log: Log file, which contains start and end times for modules run by the current execution procedure</li> <li> .msg: Diagnostic or informative messages about the progress of the solution</li> <li> .odb: Output database containing all results data from an Abaqus analysis</li> <li> .sta: Status file with increment summaries</li> </ul> <p><strong>folder structure:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Standard_case:<br> simulation folders of the standard close (particle center distance: 5.1776 nm) and distant (particle center distance: 7.9481 nm) cases (particle radius: 2 nm, filler content 0.054 vol.%, number of interphase layers: 4, factor_el_length: 1.0) and further particle center distances</li> <li>Layers:<br> simulation folders with different numbers of interphase layers, i.e., different values for num_ip, based on the standard close and distant cases <ul> <li>Close_case</li> <li>Distant_case</li> </ul> </li> <li>Mesh:<br> simulation folders with different mesh qualities, i.e., different values for factor_el_length, based on the standard close and distant cases <ul> <li>Close_case</li> <li>Distant_case</li> </ul> </li> <li>Particle_size:<br> simulation folders with different particle sizes <ul> <li>2_nm: simulation folders with particle surface distance 2 nm <ul> <li>vol_ratio_0-00054: simulation folders with filler content 0.054 vol.%</li> <li>vol_ratio_0-0075: simulation folders with filler content 0.75 vol.%</li> </ul> </li> <li>4_nm: simulation folders with particle surface distance 4 nm <ul> <li>vol_ratio_0-00054: simulation folders with filler content 0.054 vol.%</li> <li>vol_ratio_0-0075: simulation folders with filler content 0.75 vol.%</li> </ul> </li> <li>8_nm: simulation folders with particle surface distance 8 nm <ul> <li>vol_ratio_0-00054: simulation folders with filler content 0.054 vol.%</li> <li>vol_ratio_0-0075: simulation folders with filler content 0.75 vol.%</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Measurement verification data for AutoMorph vs. hand measurements
<p>These data include comparisons between 2D and 3D measurements automatically extracted by the AutoMorph software (https://github.com/HullLab/AutoMorph) and those collected manually (<em>i.e</em><em>.,</em> using calipers, ImageJ, or VGSStudio Max for the 2D measurements, or using CT scans for the 3D measurements). These measurements are intended to demonstrate the breadth of AutoMorph's applicability, and help users determine whether the accuracy of AutoMorph is suitable for their needs. 2D measurements (specifically major and minor axis length and/or squared area) have been collected and presented here for fossil patellogastropods (limpets), extant bivalves, and ichthyoliths (<em>i.e.</em>, fish teeth). 3D volume and surface area data have been collected for a sample of planktonic foraminifera.</p> <p>More information about how these data were collected, and discussion about the measurement comparisons, can be found in the manuscript describing AutoMorph (Hsiang et al. 2018).</p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>Hsiang AY, Nelson K, Elder LE, Sibert EC, Kahanamoku SS, Burke JE, Kelly A, Liu Y, and Hull PM (2018) <em>AutoMorph</em>: Accelerating morphometrics with automated 2D and 3D image processing and shape extraction. <em>Methods in Ecology and Evolution. </em>9(3):605-612 (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12915">https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12915).</a></p>
Data from: Empirical verification of feeding selectivity of larval and juvenile pelagic fishes using in situ zooplankton communities
<p>Most studies on the feeding ecology of larvae and juveniles of commercially important pelagic fishes have used field-based approaches. However, due to possible biases related to net sampling, it is uncertain whether the results obtained from those studies truly represent the situation of live fish in the sea. Here we investigated the feeding ecology of pelagic fishes through a laboratory experiment minimizing the biases inherent in field net sampling. In the experiment, hatchery-reared juvenile chub mackerel (<em>Scomber japonicus</em>) and larval/juvenile Japanese anchovy <em>(Engraulis japonicus</em>) were fed with wild-caught zooplankton assemblages collected from around Hakatajima Island in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. The relationships between fish size and prey number in the gut, and the selectivity on each prey organism were determined. As a result, in both species, prey number and size increased with body size, and the fish showed strong selectivity for crustaceans including copepodites and adults of copepods. Our data has also clearly indicated that both species can selectively prey on preferred foods that are rare while avoiding non-preferred foods that are abundant. These results, which substantially accord with reports from previous field studies, will not only help field scientists make a convincing interpretation of their data, but also open the possibility of further laboratory studies on detailed mechanisms of the feeding selectivity of larval/juvenile pelagic fishes.</p>
Рис. 1. Вероятность обнаружения меченых животных (среΑнее ± ошибка) при пяти- и Αесятиметровых интерваΛах межΑу прикормочными станциями в Αвух экспериментах. По второму эксперименту расчеты сΑеΛаны ΑΛя резуΛьтатов отΛова в течение первых трех и поΛных Αесяти Αней. Значение «p» отражает уровень статистической значимости разΛичий межΑу ΑоΛями животных с меткой при Αвух интерваΛах Fig. 1. Probability of finding marked animals (average±standard error) between feeding stations placed at intervals of five and ten meters in the two experiments. In the second experiment, calculations were made for the results of trapping during the first three days and during the whole period of ten days. The p value reflects the statistical significance of differences between the fractions of animals with a mark for two types of intervals in Verification of the bottle-based method for estimating abundance of small mammals using biomarkers
Рис. 1. Вероятность обнаружения меченых животных (среΑнее ± ошибка) при пяти- и Αесятиметровых интерваΛах межΑу прикормочными станциями в Αвух экспериментах. По второму эксперименту расчеты сΑеΛаны ΑΛя резуΛьтатов отΛова в течение первых трех и поΛных Αесяти Αней. Значение «p» отражает уровень статистической значимости разΛичий межΑу ΑоΛями животных с меткой при Αвух интерваΛах Fig. 1. Probability of finding marked animals (average±standard error) between feeding stations placed at intervals of five and ten meters in the two experiments. In the second experiment, calculations were made for the results of trapping during the first three days and during the whole period of ten days. The p value reflects the statistical significance of differences between the fractions of animals with a mark for two types of intervals
Fig. 4 in Verification of Natural Marking for Individual Identification Using a Duplex Marking Approach in Ijima's Sea Snakes, (Reptilia: Elapidae).
Fig. 4. Photographs of the left side of the tails of three recaptured snakes. (a) A juvenile male with 338 mm in SVL and the profile code 1212-12222- 122121-112222-112221, recorded on 15 March 2018, (b) The snake's recapture 159 days later, with 460 mm in SVL on 21 August 2018 and more cream flecks, and (c) the snake's additional recapture a further 373 days later, with 612 mm in SVL on 29 August 2019 and no additional increase in the number of flecks. (d) A juvenile male with 415 mm in SVL and the profile code 2221-1222-123222-123232-1222322, recorded on 22 August 2018. (e) The snake's recapture 58 days later with 437 mm in SVL on 19 October 2018 with enlarged flecks, and (f) another recapture a further 268 days later, with 551 mm in SVL on 14 July 2019 and no additional change in the flecks. (g) A semi-adult female with 499 mm in SVL and the profile code 21221-12221-222222-222232-23223322, recorded on 7 July 2017. (h) The snake's recapture 527 days later with 636 mm in SVL on 16 December 2018 and more flecks, and (i) another recapture a further 404 days later, with 691 mm in SVL on 24 January 2020 and no additional change in the flecks.
2 3 in Verification of Natural Marking for Individual Identification Using a Duplex Marking Approach in Ijima's Sea Snakes, (Reptilia: Elapidae).
2 3 anterior ˱ posterior anterior ˱ posterior Fig. 3. The present coding system when there is an insertion of a scale row from the posterior to the anterior within a single cream band. a) When a large scale is followed by two small scales, the large scale is counted twice and the code for this example is "232232". b) When a new row is inserted between two rows, the inserted scale is judged as an independent row and the code for this example is "2221323".
Fig. 11 in Fig. 4 in Verification of Natural Marking for Individual Identification Using a Duplex Marking Approach in Ijima's Sea Snakes, (Reptilia: Elapidae).
Fig. 11. Ultrametric Bayesian phylogenetic tree of 22 species of the genus Stolephorus with evolution of the (modal) number of prepelvic scutes. Modal number of prepelvic scutes classified into three categories: six prepelvic scutes (black), five prepelvic scutes (grey), four prepelvic scutes (white). Character states at nodes estimated using likelihood optimization and a symmetric one-rate (''Mk1") model of evolution. At each node, relative probabilities of each diet category drawn using pie charts, with corresponding coding-colour. Pie charts at deepest nodes enlarged for clarity. Stolephorus specimens identified by museum registration number, specimen code or GenBank (GB) sequence accession number (see Table 1 for details). Outgroups Encrasicholina not shown. Branch lengths proportional to relative time (tree height scaled to 1). Posterior Probabilities shown at nodes when <1.
Fig. 10 in Fig. 4 in Verification of Natural Marking for Individual Identification Using a Duplex Marking Approach in Ijima's Sea Snakes, (Reptilia: Elapidae).
Fig. 10. Morphometric comparisons between Stolephorus dubiosus (open triangles) and S. taurus sp. nov. (closed circles). (a) for pectoral-fin length (P1L; as % of standard length; SL); (b) for pelvicfin length (P2L; as % of SL); (c) for second dorsal-fin ray length (2DRL; as % of SL); (d) for third dorsal-fin ray length (3DRL; as % of SL); (e) for second anal-fin ray length (2ARL; as % of SL); (f) for third anal-fin ray length (as % of SL); (g) for interorbital width (as % of head length; HL) to SL.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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