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135 results for “water content”
Planktonic Mg/Ca-derived IPWP upper ocean temperature, heat content and sea water δ18O over the last 360 ka
<p>This dataset contains planktonic foraminifera Mg/Ca-derived temperature estimates, age control points and sea water δ18O (δ18Osw) of cores ODP807, KX21-2, MD10-3340, SO18480-3 and MD98-2162 from the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) over the last 360 ka. It also includes reconstructed IPWP stacks of SST, TWT, upper OHC and δ18Osw, and numerical simulated upper OHC, δ18Osw (sea water) and δ18Op (rainfall) from the CESM model and GISS-ModelE2-R model.</p>
Satellite soil and vegetation water content data capturing main terrestrial ecosystem changes
<p>I)SUMMARY</p> <p>This repository contains a harmonized database for the study of terrestrial ecosystem changes published in [Bueso et al., 2021]. It covers the period June 2010 - July 2020 and includes the following variables, which were harmonized to a common spatial scale of 25km and monthly temporal resolution and clustered as detailed in [Bueso et al., 2021]:</p> <p>- SM: soil moisture from SMOS-IC v2<br> - VOD: vegetation optical depth from SMOS-IC v2<br> - NDVI: Normalized Vegetation Difference Index from MODIS, product MOD13Q1 v6<br> - PREC: Rainfall from PERSIANN-CDR v2.2.</p> <p>Additionally, land cover information from MODIS MCD12Q1 collection 6 for years 2011 and 2019 is provided for each cluster.</p> <p>II) CONTACT</p> <p>For questions, please e-mail Diego Bueso at diego.bueso@uv.es</p> <p>III) DATABASE</p> <p>We provide the maps of identified clusters by quantile of SM and VOD and the code to generate Figs 1 and 2 of supplementary material in [Bueso et al., 2023]. We then provide for each identified cluster .mat files containing the variables described above. Further details are in the readme.txt file</p> <p>IV) CITE</p> <p>To properly acknowledge the dataset we kindly encourage users to (1) cite the DOI as an in-text citation and/or in the data acknowledgements in any publication and (2) reference the following publication: </p> <p>D. Bueso, M. Piles, P. Ciais, J-P. Wigneron, Á. Moreno-Martínez, G. Camps-Valls, "Soil and vegetation water content identify the main terrestrial ecosystem changes", National Science Review, 2023, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwad026">https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwad026</a> </p>
New Hampshire Soil Sensor Network: Air Temperature, Soil Temperature, Soil Water Content, and Soil Electrical Conductivity, 2012 - ongoing
The goal of the New Hampshire Soil Sensor Network is to examine spatial and temporal changes in soil properties and processes as the climate changes. Data collected can also calibrate and validate models that examine how ecosystems may respond to changing climate and land use. To determine how soil processes are affected by climate change and land management, this soil sensor network measures snow depth, air temperature, soil temperature, soil volumetric water content, and soil electrical conductivity, as well as soil CO2 fluxes. This data package includes data from the air temperature, soil temperature, soil volumetric water content, and electrical conductivity sensors. Data were collected at the following sites: BRT = Bartlett Experimental Forest, Bartlett, NH; BDF = Burley-Demmerit Farm, Lee, NH; DCF = Dowst Cate Forest, Deerfield, NH; HUB = Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, Woodstock, NH; SBM = Saddleback Mountain, Deerfield, NH; THF = Thompson Farm, Durham, NH; and Trout Pond Brook, Strafford, NH.
Soil volumetric water content calculated from neutron hydroprobe data along the LTER-I transects (control and fertilized) at the Jornada Basin LTER, 1986-ongoing
This data package contains volumetric water content (VWC) measurements calculated from soil neutron hydroprobe data collected on the permanent LTER-I transects located at Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) in the Jornada Basin of southern New Mexico, USA. The control and treatment transects are parallel to each other and are 2.7 km in length extending from the middle of the College Playa to the foot of Mt. Summerford. The treatment transect was treated annually with ammonium nitrate fertilizer (NH4NO3 at 10g N/m2/yr) until 1987. Measurement stations are located at 30 meter intervals along each transect, and there are neutron probe access tubes located every station on the control transect (n=89) and at every fifth station at the treatment transect (n=19). Measurements were taken at 5 depths using a neutron probe (CPN Model 503DR Hydroprobe) and were then converted to VWC at 30 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm, 110 cm, and 130 cm depths. Neutron probe VWC readings taken in 3 non-weighing mini-lysimeters along each transect are also included. This dataset consists of the calculated water content (cm3 water/cm3 soil) obtained by applying site-specific calibration equations to data derived from the thermalized neutron counts found in EDI packageID knb-lter-jrn.210001001. Measurements were taken at 2 week intervals from April 1982 to 1987 and monthly thereafter. Data collection for this study is ongoing.
Soil volumetric water content calculated from neutron hydroprobe data at 15 NPP study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER, 1989-2011 (Deprecated)
This data package contains soil water content data calculated from monthly neutron hydroprobe count measurements made at 15 net primary production (NPP) study locations on Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Once a month, neutron probe measurements are made at 10 depths (where possible) at each of 10 access tubes at each of the 15 NPP sites using a neutron probe (CPN Model 503DR Hydroprobe). The raw dataset, also on EDI (knb-lter-jrn.210013001), consists of the count of thermalized neutrons at 30 cm depth intervals to a maximum depth of 300 cm. In this data package, the raw neutron counts have been converted to volumetric water content (VWC) to a maximum depth of 270 cm using calibration equations (deepest probe depths are excluded from VWC calculations). The NPP sites these measurements are made at represent the 5 dominant vegetation types of the Jornada Basin, which consist of 3 shrub (creosotebush, mesquite dune, and tarbush) and 2 grass (upland grassland and playa) types. Three NPP sites are located in each of the types. This data collection is ongoing with new data collected monthly. NOTE: This data package is deprecated and will not be updated in the future. These VWC values were calculated using a now-outdated calibration method. Values of VWC calculated with the improved and fully documented calibration method are available in another EDI data package (knb-lter-jrn.210013003).
Soil water content under rainfall manipulation and nitrogen fertilization treatments at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 2007-2009
This data package contains soil water content data from a precipitation and nitrogen manipulation experiment conducted on the Jornada Experimental Range from 2006-2009. The objective of the study was to understand the interaction of precipitation and nitrogen dynamics on ANPP legacies. Rain-out shelters were used to create 5 levels of precipitation: 80% reduced, 50% reduced, ambient control, 50% increased, and 80% increased precipitation. Half of the plots were randomly assigned to receive ammonium nitrate fertilizer. In a subset of the plots, volumetric soil water content was monitored at shallow (0-5 cm) and deep (30-50 cm) depths. This data set contains the date of collection, block number, plot number, 2007-2008 precipitation treatment, 2009 precipitation treatment, nitrogen treatment, depth of soil probe, sensor voltage, and volumetric water content. Monitoring of soil moisture for this study was discontinued in November 2009. Also available are plant cover data from this study in data package knb-lter-jrn.210278002. For further information and results, see: Throop, H., L. G. Reichmann, O. Sala, and S. Archer. (2012), Response of dominant grass and shrub species to water manipulation: an ecophysical basis for shrub invasion in a Chihuahuan desert grassland. Oecologia 169: 373-383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2217-4 Reichmann, L. G., O. E. Sala, and D. P. C. Peters. (2013), Water controls on nitrogen transformations and stocks in an arid ecosystem. Ecosphere 4(1):11. https://doi.org/10.1890/ES12-00263.1
Nitrate, ammonium, and water content of mesquite root tube soil from three habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This data package contains data on measured root tube soil nutrients from soil cores collected under mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa)at three habitat types of the Jornada Experimental Range and New Mexico State University College Ranch. These habitat types include: 1)playa, 2)dunes, and (4)grassland. Soil core samples were collected in 1987 by hand-augering a reference core and a root tube core. Subsamples were analyzed for nitrate, ammonium, and soil moisture contents. This data set consists of the date of collection, collection site, nitrate concentration, ammonium concentration, and percent soil moisture. Collected variables also include treatments (irradiation and nematicide) that are not well-documented at this time. Data collection was completed in 1987.
Rainfall intensification enhances deep percolation and soil water content at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI (2015 to 2016)
Dataset AbstractData supporting the paper Hess, L., E. L. Hinckley, G. P. Robertson, S. K. Hamilton, and P. Matson. 2018. DOI: 10.2136/vzj2018.07.0128original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/198
Pulse-Press Project (P3): Continuous soil temperature and volumetric water content (VWC) measurements, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2012-2021, ongoing)
Climate warming in polar regions is associated with thawing of permafrost, resulting in significant changes in soil hydrology, biogeochemical cycling, and in the activity and composition of soil communities. While ongoing directional climate warming presses can elicit such responses over decadal time scales, their manifestation typically occurs as discrete thawing pulses. Indeed, in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, abrupt changes in community structure and biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems following a summer warming event (Jan. 2002) exceeded the influences of a decadal cooling trend in both magnitude and rate of response. Thus, we anticipate that climate-mediated permafrost changes and their associated impacts on soil communities and biogeochemical cycles may occur over seasonal time scales. The Pulse-Press Project (P3) experiment was established in 2012 as part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) program to investigate impacts of seasonal wetting on ecosystem structure and functioning by simulating different frequencies of permafrost thawing events in Antarctic permafrost soils. Since the top horizons of most Antarctic soils are dry permafrost (i.e., there is insufficient water content to generate ice-cement), with ice-cement or massive ice typically below 30 cm, permafrost thawing events are likely to result in subsurface movements of water that may manifest as groundwater seeps down gradient. The P3 experiment consists of three permanent plots situated on the south-facing hillslope above Many Glaciers Pond in Taylor Valley. Each plot is 15 m by 7.5 m with a trench on the upslope end that is used for experimental wetting events. The Press plot receives water every austral summer, the Pulse plot receives water every other austral summer, and the Control plot never receives water, serving as the ambient treament. Each plot is instrumented with a network of soil moisture and temperature sensors, positioned
Continuous soil temperature, specific conductance, and volumetric water content measurements from the F6 Active Layer Monitoring Station (ALMS01), McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2014-2021, ongoing)
As part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project, five Active Layer Monitoring Stations (ALMSs) were established throughout Taylor Valley, Antarctica to support new research foci around the thermal-moisture dynamics of soils that may control habitat conditions and faunal responses to seasonal and annual freezing cycles in this ecosystem. Two ALMSs were established adjacent to streams (Green Creek, Von Guerard Stream), with sensors installed through the active layer from the thalweg out to the shoreline and dry soil beyond. Two ALMSs were similarly established adjacent to water tracks (Wormherder Creek, Water Track B) that are zero-order drainages of snow and ice melt that rarely have surface flow. The remaining station was established in dry soil (F6) to serve as an ambient control. ALMSs measure soil temperature, soil moisture (as volumetric water content; VWC), and specific conductance (as electrical conductivity; EC) through the active layer (soil surface down to the frost table) at several locations from the water’s edge to dry soils. This data package contains measurements from the Active Layer Monitoring Station at F6 (ALMS01), located on the south shore of Lake Fryxell.
Continuous soil temperature, specific conductance, and volumetric water content measurements from the Wormherder Creek Active Layer Monitoring Station (ALMS02), McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2014-2021, ongoing)
As part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project, five Active Layer Monitoring Stations (ALMSs) were established throughout Taylor Valley, Antarctica to support new research foci around the thermal-moisture dynamics of soils that may control habitat conditions and faunal responses to seasonal and annual freezing cycles in this ecosystem. Two ALMSs were established adjacent to streams (Green Creek, Von Guerard Stream), with sensors installed through the active layer from the thalweg out to the shoreline and dry soil beyond. Two ALMSs were similarly established adjacent to water tracks (Wormherder Creek, Water Track B) that are zero-order drainages of snow and ice melt that rarely have surface flow. The remaining station was established in dry soil (F6) to serve as an ambient control. ALMSs measure soil temperature, soil moisture (as volumetric water content; VWC), and specific conductance (as electrical conductivity; EC) through the active layer (soil surface down to the frost table) at several locations from the water’s edge to dry soils. This data package contains measurements from the Active Layer Monitoring Station at Wormherder Creek (ALMS02).
Continuous soil temperature, specific conductance, and volumetric water content measurements from the Von Guerard Stream Active Layer Monitoring Station (ALMS03), McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2014-2021, ongoing)
As part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project, five Active Layer Monitoring Stations (ALMSs) were established throughout Taylor Valley, Antarctica to support new research foci around the thermal-moisture dynamics of soils that may control habitat conditions and faunal responses to seasonal and annual freezing cycles in this ecosystem. Two ALMSs were established adjacent to streams (Green Creek, Von Guerard Stream), with sensors installed through the active layer from the thalweg out to the shoreline and dry soil beyond. Two ALMSs were similarly established adjacent to water tracks (Wormherder Creek, Water Track B) that are zero-order drainages of snow and ice melt that rarely have surface flow. The remaining station was established in dry soil (F6) to serve as an ambient control. ALMSs measure soil temperature, soil moisture (as volumetric water content; VWC), and specific conductance (as electrical conductivity; EC) through the active layer (soil surface down to the frost table) at several locations from the water’s edge to dry soils. This data package contains measurements from the Active Layer Monitoring Station at Von Guerard Stream (ALMS03).
Continuous soil temperature, specific conductance, and volumetric water content measurements from the Green Creek Active Layer Monitoring Station (ALMS04), McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2014-2021, ongoing)
As part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project, five Active Layer Monitoring Stations (ALMSs) were established throughout Taylor Valley, Antarctica to support new research foci around the thermal-moisture dynamics of soils that may control habitat conditions and faunal responses to seasonal and annual freezing cycles in this ecosystem. Two ALMSs were established adjacent to streams (Green Creek, Von Guerard Stream), with sensors installed through the active layer from the thalweg out to the shoreline and dry soil beyond. Two ALMSs were similarly established adjacent to water tracks (Wormherder Creek, Water Track B) that are zero-order drainages of snow and ice melt that rarely have surface flow. The remaining station was established in dry soil (F6) to serve as an ambient control. ALMSs measure soil temperature, soil moisture (as volumetric water content; VWC), and specific conductance (as electrical conductivity; EC) through the active layer (soil surface down to the frost table) at several locations from the water’s edge to dry soils. This data package contains measurements from the Active Layer Monitoring Station at Green Creek (ALMS04).
Continuous soil temperature, specific conductance, and volumetric water content measurements from the Water Track B Active Layer Monitoring Station (ALMS06), McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2014-2021, ongoing)
As part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project, five Active Layer Monitoring Stations (ALMSs) were established throughout Taylor Valley, Antarctica to support new research foci around the thermal-moisture dynamics of soils that may control habitat conditions and faunal responses to seasonal and annual freezing cycles in this ecosystem. Two ALMSs were established adjacent to streams (Green Creek, Von Guerard Stream), with sensors installed through the active layer from the thalweg out to the shoreline and dry soil beyond. Two ALMSs were similarly established adjacent to water tracks (Wormherder Creek, Water Track B) that are zero-order drainages of snow and ice melt that rarely have surface flow. The remaining station was established in dry soil (F6) to serve as an ambient control. ALMSs measure soil temperature, soil moisture (as volumetric water content; VWC), and specific conductance (as electrical conductivity; EC) through the active layer (soil surface down to the frost table) at several locations from the water’s edge to dry soils. This data package contains measurements from the Active Layer Monitoring Station at Water Track B (ALMS06).
Ecosystem-Scale Rainfall Manipulation in a Piñon-Juniper Forest at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico: Volumetric Water Content (VWC) at 5 cm Depth Data (2006- )
Climate models predict that water limited regions around the world will become drier and warmer in the near future, including southwestern North America. We developed a large-scale experimental system that allows testing of the ecosystem impacts of precipitation changes. Four treatments were applied to 1600 m2 plots (40 m × 40 m), each with three replicates in a piñon pine (Pinus edulis) and juniper (Juniper monosperma) ecosystem. These species have extensive root systems, requiring large-scale manipulation to effectively alter soil water availability. Treatments consisted of: 1) irrigation plots that receive supplemental water additions, 2) drought plots that receive 55% of ambient rainfall, 3) cover-control plots that receive ambient precipitation, but allow determination of treatment infrastructure artifacts, and 4) ambient control plots. Our drought structures effectively reduced soil water potential and volumetric water content compared to the ambient, cover-control, and water addition plots. Drought and cover control plots experienced an average increase in maximum soil and air temperature at ground level of 1-4° C during the growing season compared to ambient plots, and concurrent short-term diurnal increases in maximum air temperature were also observed directly above and below plastic structures. Our drought and irrigation treatments significantly influenced tree predawn water potential, sap-flow, and net photosynthesis, with drought treatment trees exhibiting significant decreases in physiological function compared to ambient and irrigated trees. Supplemental irrigation resulted in a significant increase in both plant water potential and xylem sap-flow compared to trees in the other treatments. This experimental design effectively allows manipulation of plant water stress at the ecosystem scale, permits a wide range of drought conditions, and provides prolonged drought conditions comparable to historical droughts in the past – drought events for which wide
Ecosystem-scale rainfall manipulation in a Pinon-Juniper Woodland: Volumetric Water Content (VWC) Profile Data (2009-2013 )
Climate models predict that water limited regions around the world will become drier and warmer in the near future, including southwestern North America. We developed a large-scale experimental system that allows testing of the ecosystem impacts of precipitation changes. Four treatments were applied to 1600 m2 plots (40 m × 40 m), each with three replicates in a piñon pine (Pinus edulis) and juniper (Juniper monosperma) ecosystem. These species have extensive root systems, requiring large-scale manipulation to effectively alter soil water availability. Treatments consisted of: 1) irrigation plots that receive supplemental water additions, 2) drought plots that receive 55% of ambient rainfall, 3) cover-control plots that receive ambient precipitation, but allow determination of treatment infrastructure artifacts, and 4) ambient control plots. Our drought structures effectively reduced soil water potential and volumetric water content compared to the ambient, cover-control, and water addition plots. Drought and cover control plots experienced an average increase in maximum soil and air temperature at ground level of 1-4° C during the growing season compared to ambient plots, and concurrent short-term diurnal increases in maximum air temperature were also observed directly above and below plastic structures. Our drought and irrigation treatments significantly influenced tree predawn water potential, sap-flow, and net photosynthesis, with drought treatment trees exhibiting significant decreases in physiological function compared to ambient and irrigated trees. Supplemental irrigation resulted in a significant increase in both plant water potential and xylem sap-flow compared to trees in the other treatments. This experimental design effectively allows manipulation of plant water stress at the ecosystem scale, permits a wide range of drought conditions, and provides prolonged drought conditions comparable to historical droughts in the past – drought events for which wide
Good vibrations: Remote-tactile foraging success of wading birds is positively affected by the water content of substrates they forage in
<p>Some taxa of wading birds can locate buried prey by detecting vibratory cues in their foraging substrates while probe-foraging, using a sensory modality called "remote-touch". As more saturated substrates transmit vibrations better, we predict that these birds can detect prey in wetter substrates more easily. We used sensory assays to test whether substrate water content affects the remote-touch foraging success rate of Hadeda Ibises, <em>Bostrychia hagedash</em>. The birds were more successful at locating prey using vibratory cues than when relying on random direct contact with the beak alone. Their remote-touch foraging success rate was positively affected by increasing water contents of the soil, but water content had no effect on their direct contact foraging success (indicating this is not an artefact of ease of probing). This may partially explain the link between the range expansion of this species in southern Africa and increased soil irrigation, as it is easier for the birds to detect prey in wetter substrates. Thus, it is likely that the distribution of other remote-touch foraging birds is affected by substrate water content, and as many of these species are endangered and rely on sensitive wetland habitats, it is vital to understand their sensory requirements for foraging.</p>
Data to reproduce the results presented in Sehgal et al. 2022. Water Resources Research, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR030624 ("Inferring suspended sediment carbon content and particle size at high-frequency from the optical response of a submerged spectrometer")
<p>This repository consists data to reproduce results as presented in: "Inferring suspended sediment carbon content and particle size at high-frequency from the optical response of a submerged spectrometer", Water Resorces Research. Kindly refer to the readme.text file to navigate through the dataset.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Predicted soil water content (volumetric %) for 33kPa and 1500kPa suctions at 6 standard depths (0, 10, 30, 60, 100 and 200 cm) at 250 m resolution
<p>Migrated to: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2629589">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2629589</a></p>
Asynchronous changes in precipitation and soil water content decelerate alpine vegetation greening
<p>data for "Asynchronous changes in precipitation and soil water content decelerate alpine vegetation greening".</p>
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