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36 results for “weakly electric fish”
Data from: The costs of a big brain: extreme encephalization results in higher energetic demand and reduced hypoxia tolerance in weakly electric African fishes
A large brain can offer several cognitive advantages. However, brain tissue has an especially high metabolic rate. Thus, evolving an enlarged brain requires either a decrease in other energetic requirements, or an increase in overall energy consumption. Previous studies have found conflicting evidence for these hypotheses, leaving the metabolic costs and constraints in the evolution of increased encephalization unclear. Mormyrid electric fishes have extreme encephalization comparable to that of primates. Here, we show that brain size varies widely among mormyrid species, and that there is little evidence for a trade-off with organ size, but instead a correlation between brain size and resting oxygen consumption rate. Additionally, we show that increased brain size correlates with decreased hypoxia tolerance. Our data thus provide a non-mammalian example of extreme encephalization that is accommodated by an increase in overall energy consumption. Previous studies have found energetic trade-offs with variation in brain size in taxa that have not experienced extreme encephalization comparable with that of primates and mormyrids. Therefore, we suggest that energetic trade-offs can only explain the evolution of moderate increases in brain size, and that the energetic requirements of extreme encephalization may necessitate increased overall energy investment.
Supplementary material 5 from: Sullivan JP, Hopkins CD, Pirro S, Peterson R, Chakona A, Mutizwa TI, Mukweze Mulelenu C, Alqahtani FH, Vreven E, Dillman CB (2022) Mitogenome recovered from a 19 th Century holotype by shotgun sequencing supplies a generic name for an orphaned clade of African weakly electric fishes (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae). ZooKeys 1129: 163-196. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1129.90287
Measurements and counts of Heteromormyrus specimens and relevant mormyrid types from existing literature and taken from photographs & radiographs of newly sequenced individuals
Phylogenomics of bonytongue fishes (Osteoglossomorpha) shed light on the craniofacial evolution and biogeography of the weakly electric clade (Mormyridae)
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Data from: De novo assembly and characterization of the skeletal muscle and electric organ transcriptomes of the African weakly-electric fish Campylomormyrus compressirostris (Mormyridae, Teleostei)
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Data from: The costs of a big brain: extreme encephalization results in higher energetic demand and reduced hypoxia tolerance in weakly electric African fishes
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Data from: Peripheral sensory coding through oscillatory synchrony in weakly electric fish
Adaptations to an organism's environment often involve sensory system modifications. In this study, we address how evolutionary divergence in sensory perception relates to the physiological coding of stimuli. Mormyrid fishes that can detect subtle variations in electric communication signals encode signal waveform into spike-timing differences between sensory receptors. In contrast, the receptors of species insensitive to waveform variation produce spontaneously oscillating potentials. We found that oscillating receptors respond to electric pulses by resetting their phase, resulting in transient synchrony among receptors that encodes signal timing and location, but not waveform. These receptors were most sensitive to frequencies found only in the collective signals of groups of conspecifics, and this was correlated with increased behavioral responses to these frequencies. Thus, different perceptual capabilities correspond to different receptor physiologies. We hypothesize that these divergent mechanisms represent adaptations for different social environments. Our findings provide the first evidence for sensory coding through oscillatory synchrony.
Data from: Male-mediated species recognition among African weakly electric fishes
Effective communication among sympatric species is often instrumental for behavioural isolation, where the failure to successfully discriminate between potential mates could lead to less fit hybrid offspring. Discrimination between con- and heterospecifics tends to occur more often in the sex that invests more in offspring production, i.e. females, but males may also mediate reproductive isolation. In this study, we show that among two Campylomormyrus African weakly electric fish species, males preferentially associate with conspecific females during choice tests using live fish as stimuli, i.e. when all sensory modalities potentially used for communication were present. We then conducted playback experiments to determine whether the species-specific electric organ discharge (EOD) used for electrocommunication serves as the cue for this conspecific association preference. Interestingly, only C. compressirostris males associated significantly more with the conspecific EOD waveform when playback stimuli were provided, while no such association preference was observed in C. tamandua males. Given our results, the EOD appears to serve, in part, as a male-mediated pre-zygotic isolation mechanism among sympatric species. However, the failure of C. tamandua males to discriminate between con- and heterospecific playback discharges suggests that multiple modalities may be necessary for species recognition in some African weakly electric fish species.
Mormyridae - African weakly electric fishes (myspecies): Resource (222) DwCA
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Supplementary material 3 from: Sullivan JP, Hopkins CD, Pirro S, Peterson R, Chakona A, Mutizwa TI, Mukweze Mulelenu C, Alqahtani FH, Vreven E, Dillman CB (2022) Mitogenome recovered from a 19 th Century holotype by shotgun sequencing supplies a generic name for an orphaned clade of African weakly electric fishes (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae). ZooKeys 1129: 163-196. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1129.90287
Cyt b plus nuclear markers phylogenetic analysis
Supplementary material 2 from: Sullivan JP, Hopkins CD, Pirro S, Peterson R, Chakona A, Mutizwa TI, Mukweze Mulelenu C, Alqahtani FH, Vreven E, Dillman CB (2022) Mitogenome recovered from a 19 th Century holotype by shotgun sequencing supplies a generic name for an orphaned clade of African weakly electric fishes (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae). ZooKeys 1129: 163-196. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1129.90287
Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus holotype NMW 22417 mitogenome reconstruction
Supplementary material 1 from: Sullivan JP, Hopkins CD, Pirro S, Peterson R, Chakona A, Mutizwa TI, Mukweze Mulelenu C, Alqahtani FH, Vreven E, Dillman CB (2022) Mitogenome recovered from a 19 th Century holotype by shotgun sequencing supplies a generic name for an orphaned clade of African weakly electric fishes (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae). ZooKeys 1129: 163-196. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1129.90287
List of Heteromormyrus specimens examined and/or included in molecular analyses
Supplementary material 4 from: Sullivan JP, Hopkins CD, Pirro S, Peterson R, Chakona A, Mutizwa TI, Mukweze Mulelenu C, Alqahtani FH, Vreven E, Dillman CB (2022) Mitogenome recovered from a 19 th Century holotype by shotgun sequencing supplies a generic name for an orphaned clade of African weakly electric fishes (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae). ZooKeys 1129: 163-196. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1129.90287
COI phylogenetic analysis
Data from: Male-mediated species recognition among African weakly electric fishes
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Data from: Peripheral sensory coding through oscillatory synchrony in weakly electric fish
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Data from: Neural correlations enable invariant coding and perception of natural stimuli in weakly electric fish
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Gene and allele specific expression during electric organ ontogeny in African weakly electric fish and hybrid
GEO Series GSE240784. Campylomormyrus compressirostris; Campylomormyrus rhynchophorus; Campylomormyrus compressirostris x Campylomormyrus rhynchophorus. 15 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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