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127 results for “wing venation”
FIGURES 26–28 in Brasineura Silva-Neto & García Aldrete (Psocodea, 'Psocoptera', Ptiloneuridae) new species, new records and variation in the wing venations
FIGURES 26–28. New variations in the fore and hindwing veins of specimens of Brasineura troglophilica Silva-Neto & García Aldrete. (26) Right forewing of male M1. (27) left hindwing of male M1. (28) Left hindwing of male M2. Scales in mm.
FIGURE 23 in Brasineura Silva-Neto & García Aldrete (Psocodea, 'Psocoptera', Ptiloneuridae) new species, new records and variation in the wing venations
FIGURE 23. Variation in the forewing M vein in paratype of Brasineura morrense sp. n. (23) Right forewing. Scales in mm.
FIGURES 24–25 in Brasineura Silva-Neto & García Aldrete (Psocodea, 'Psocoptera', Ptiloneuridae) new species, new records and variation in the wing venations
FIGURES 24–25. New variations in the fore and hindwing veins of specimens of Brasineura diamantina Silva-Neto & García Aldrete. (24) Right forewing of the male M1. (25) Right hindwing of the female F1. Scales in mm.
FIGURES 15–22 in Brasineura Silva-Neto & García Aldrete (Psocodea, 'Psocoptera', Ptiloneuridae) new species, new records and variation in the wing venations
FIGURES 15–22. Brasineura morrense sp. n. (Holotype male). (15) Front view of head. (16) Left forewing. (17) Right forewing. (18) Hindwing. (19) Lacinial tip. (20) Hypandrium. (21) Phallosome. (22) Clunium, right paraproct and epiproct. Scales in mm.
FIGURES 1–8 in Brasineura Silva-Neto & García Aldrete (Psocodea, 'Psocoptera', Ptiloneuridae) new species, new records and variation in the wing venations
FIGURES 1–8. Brasineura calori sp. n. (Holotype male). (1) Front view of head. (2) Left forewing. (3) Right forewing. (4) Hindwing. (5) Lacinial tip. (6) Hypandrium. (7) Phallosome. (8) Clunium, right paraproct and epiproct. Scales in mm.
FIGURES 9–14 in Brasineura Silva-Neto & García Aldrete (Psocodea, 'Psocoptera', Ptiloneuridae) new species, new records and variation in the wing venations
FIGURES 9–14. Variation of the fore wing M vein in paratypes of Brasineura calori sp. n. (9) Right forewing of paratype P2. (10) Left forewing of paratype P3. (11) Right forewing of paratype P3. (12) Right forewing of paratype P4. (13) Right forewing of paratype P5. (14) Left forewing of paratype P6. Scales in mm.
Data from: Evolution of wing shape in hornets: why is the wing venation efficient for species identification?
Wing venation has long been used for insect identification. Lately, the characterization of venation shape using geometric morphometrics has further improved the potential of using the wing for insect identification. However, external factors inducing variation in wing shape could obscure specific differences, preventing accurate discrimination of species in heterogeneous samples. Here, we show that interspecific difference is the main source of wing shape variation within social wasps. We found that a naive clustering of wing shape data from taxonomically and geographically heterogeneous samples of workers returned groups congruent with species. We also confirmed that individuals can be reliably attributed to their genus, species and populations on the basis of their wing shape. Our results suggested that the shape variation reflects the evolutionary history with a potential influence of other factors such as body shape, climate and mimicry selective pressures. However, the high dimensionality of wing shape variation may have prevented absolute convergences between the different species. Wing venation shape is thus a taxonomically relevant marker combining the accuracy of quantitative characters with the specificity required for identification criteria. This marker may also highlight adaptive processes that could help understand the wing's influence on insect flight.
FIGURE 11 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 11. Proneuronema gradatum gen. et sp. nov., female specimen No. 1545 (Hoffeins' collection). A, ventral view. B, dorsal view. C, apex of abdomen. st, gonostylus of gonocoxite 9. Scale bars = 2 mm (A, B to scale), 0.2 mm (C).
FIGURE 8 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 8. Proneuronema gradatum gen. et sp. nov., wing venation of the holotype SMF Be 2534. A, right forewing. B, left forewing (color pattern is omitted; converted to standard right dorsal view). C, right hind wing. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 2 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 2. Proneuronema minor gen. et sp. nov., wing venation of the holotype GZG.BST.05246. A, right forewing. B, right hind wing. C, left forewing. D, left hind wing (C, D converted to standard right dorsal view). Scale bar = 1 mm (all to scale).
FIGURE 1 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 1. Proneuronema minor gen. et sp. nov., holotype GZG.BST.05246, lateral view. A, right side. B, left side. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 3 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 3. Proneuronema minor gen. et sp. nov., holotype GZG.BST.05246, apex of female abdomen. A, photograph. B, line drawing. gx9, gonocoxite 9; S7, 7th sternite; st, gonostylus of gonocoxite 9; T7, T8, T9, 7th to 9th tergites. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 5 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 5. Proneuronema minor gen. et sp. nov., wing venation of the specimen SMF Be 2535. A, right forewing. B, right hind wing. C, left forewing. D, left hind wing (C, D converted to standard right dorsal view). Scale bar = 1 mm (all to scale).
FIGURE 4 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 4. Proneuronema minor gen. et sp. nov., specimen SMF Be 2535 as preserved. A, right side. B, left side. Scale bar = 3 mm (both to scale).
FIGURE 6 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 6. Proneuronema minor gen. et sp. nov., apex of abdomen of the male specimen SMF Be 2535 (lateral view). A, photograph. B, line drawing. cc, callus cerci; ect, ectoproct; S7, S8, S9, 7th to 9th sternites; T8, T9, 8th and 9th tergites. Scale bar = 0.3 mm.
FIGURE 13 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 13. Wing venation of extant Megalomus setosulus (Walker, 1860) (India: Himachal Pradesh) (A, B), and Neuronema kuwayamai Nakahara, 1960 (Japan: Hokkaido) (C, D). A, C, forewings. B, D, hind wings. Venational anomalies are shown by stouter arrows. Scale bars = 1 mm (A, B and C, D to scale).
FIGURE 7 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 7. Proneuronema gradatum gen. et sp. nov., holotype SMF Be 2534 as preserved (dorsal view). Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 9 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 9. Proneuronema gradatum gen. et sp. nov., paratype SMF Be 376a as preserved. A, right forewing, fragment of antenna. B, fragment of right hind wing. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 12 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 12. Proneuronema gradatum gen. et sp. nov., wing venation of the specimen No. 1545 (Hoffeins' collection). A, left forewing, slightly distorted. B, left hind wing (both converted to standard right dorsal view). Scale bar = 1 mm (both to scale).
FIGURE 10 in A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family
FIGURE 10. Proneuronema gradatum gen. et sp. nov., wing venation of the paratype SMF Be 376a. A, right forewing. B, right hind wing. Scale bar = 1 mm (both to scale).
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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