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34 results for “yards”
American Residential Macrosystems - Soil chemistry data within residential yards in six major metropolitan areas, 2012-2013
"In six major U.S. metropolitan cities (Boston, Baltimore, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis/St. Paul, and Phoenix), 1-meter soil cores were collected to evaluate soil microbial carbon and nitrogen cycle processes that are sensitive to land management. Laboratory methods followed those used by Raciti et al. (2011a,b) to measure microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content, microbial respiration, potential net nitrogen mineralization, potential net nitrification, potential denitrification, and pools of extractable ammonium and nitrate. "
The ecological role of native-plant landscaping in residential yards to birds during the nonbreeding period
<p class="MsoNormal">Residential yards are a form of urban land use that cover a considerable amount of area in cities worldwide and provide important habitat for wildlife, especially when landscaped with native plants. Nevertheless, most native-plant landscaping and wildlife research in the northern temperate regions of the world has been conducted during the spring and summer breeding periods, leaving a gap in our understanding of the importance of residential yards and native plants as habitats for animals during the nonbreeding period. To fill this gap, we quantified the ecological role of native-landscaped yards to avifauna throughout Greater Los Angeles, California (L.A.) during the winter nonbreeding period, which is a time of year when the region hosts a high abundance and diversity of migratory and resident birds. We surveyed birds and habitat features from October-March of 2020 and 2021 at 22 pairs of native and nonnative-landscaped yards plus ten additional native-landscaped yards. We had three objectives for our study. First, we compared avifaunal communities, including feeding and nonfeeding behaviors, and habitat features between native and non-native-landscaped yards. Second, we quantified relationships between habitat features and bird richness, abundance, and feeding and nonfeeding behaviors — focusing on species affiliated with urban or natural terrestrial ecosystems of the region. Third, we documented feeding and nonfeeding behaviors by birds with native and non-native plants. Native-landscaped yards had a greater cover of native trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants, and a higher cover of natural habitat elements, including leaf litter and bare-ground cover. Bird richness and abundance — especially bird species affiliated with tree and shrub-dominated ecosystems — were greater in native than nonnative-landscaped yards. Further, yards with a higher cover of native plants supported greater numbers of feeding birds, with individuals focusing their foraging behaviors on distinct native trees and shrubs, including <em>Quercus </em>spp. (oak), <em>Heteromeles </em>spp.<em> </em>(toyon), <em>Arctostaphylos </em>spp. (manzanita), and <em>Salvia </em>spp. (sage). Our results suggested that residential yards landscaped with native plants provide important habitats for birds during the nonbreeding period and are a viable approach for residents and cities if improving conditions for birds throughout the annual cycle is a goal.</p>
The ecological role of native-plant landscaping in residential yards to birds during the nonbreeding period
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Biogeochemical cycling in xeric yards
Emperical research anayzing the boigeochemical effects of removing a residential turgrass lawn and replacing it with a water efficient landscape. This project also looked at the long term differences between nutrient cycling turfgrass lawns and in water efficient yards that were newly installed as well as those installed between 1-20 years ago. Further, this research considered home-owner management of the front yards and the role management places in biogeochemical processes in these landscapes
The conservation value of residential yards: Linking birds and people
Urbanization is recognized as one of the greatest threats to biodiversity throughout the world. However, the vegetation within an urbanized landscape is diverse and includes a variety of native and exotic plant species. This variation allows for testing whether certain landscape designs outperform others in the support of native biodiversity. Residential yards represent a large component of an urban landscape and, if managed collectively for birds and other wildlife, could offset some of the negative effects of urbanization. In addition, many urbanites have their primary interaction with the natural world in their front and back yards. Therefore, ensuring positive wildlife experiences for them is essential in promoting urban biodiversity. At the Central Arizona – Phoenix Long Term Ecological Research (CAP LTER) site, we tested the efficacy of native landscaping in residential yards in attracting native birds. We also explored the links between socioeconomic factors, landscape designs, and urban gradient measurements with the urban bird communities. A Redundancy Analysis suggested that native desert bird species increased in abundance in neighborhoods with desert landscaping designs, neighborhoods closer to large desert tracts, and in higher income neighborhoods. Variance partitioning showed that collectively these three sets of environmental variables explained almost fifty percent of the variation in the urban bird community. Results suggested racial and economic inequities in access to biodiversity, whereby predominantly Hispanic and lower income neighborhoods had fewer native birds. Furthermore, we also found that residents’ satisfaction with bird diversity was positively correlated with actual bird diversity. Our study provides new insights into the relative importance of socioeconomic variables and common urban ecological measurements in explaining urban bird communities. Urban planners can use this information to develop residential landscapes that support the
Linking foraging decisions to residential yard bird composition
Urban bird communities have higher densities but lower diversity compared with wildlands. However, recent studies show that residential urban yards with native plantings have higher native bird diversity compared with yards with exotic vegetation. Here we tested whether landscape designs also affect bird foraging behavior. We measured the amount of resources remaining, or giving-up densities (GUD) for final foragers on artificial food patches in residential yards in Phoenix, AZ, USA. We assessed how two yard designs (mesic: lush, exotic vegetation; xeric: drought-tolerant and native vegetation) differed in foraging costs. Further, we developed a statistical model to calculate GUDs for every species visiting the patch. Birds foraging in mesic yards depleted patches to a lower level (i.e. had lower GUDs) than birds foraging in xeric yards. After accounting for bird densities, the lower GUDs in mesic yards appeared largely driven by invasive and synanthropic species. Furthermore, yard design affected individual species behavioral responses. Species visiting trays in both yard designs had lower GUDs in mesic yards. Differences in the missed opportunity (alternative resources more abundant in xeric yards) and the digestive cost (moist conditions in mesic yards) both contributed to our results while predation costs did not. Enhancing the GUD method with our statistical model provided insights into how individual species and bird densities influenced the GUD. If the described differences we found in foraging behavior are indicative of differences in habitat quality, then this would lend additional support for native landscapes to help reverse the loss of urban bird diversity.
Local plant richness predicts bee abundance and diversity in a study of urban residential yards
<p>Understanding the drivers of biodiversity in cities is a central goal of urban ecology. There is currently intense scientific and public interest in the factors that influence pollinator diversity in cities and their surroundings. Existing studies point to a variety of landscape and local factors as potentially important, including urbanization (often defined as impervious surface cover in the surrounding lands), tree canopy cover and the diversity and abundance of locally flowering plants. However, few studies have sought to weigh the relative importance of these predictors of bee community metrics. Using a set of 27 residential yards chosen to represent a gradient of both urbanization and tree canopy cover at a landscape scale, we used pan trapping and netting to assess the abundance and diversity of local bee communities across the City of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Surprisingly, the landscape factors (urbanization and tree cover) described only a tiny fraction (< 1%) of the total variance in bee abundance and diversity across sites. This was true regardless of the scale of analysis at which the landscape factors were measured. Instead, a yard's floral richness, and, to a somewhat lesser extent, its floral abundance, emerged as the most important predictors of a yard's bee community abundance and diversity. Our study offers an important counterpoint to a growing body of work emphasizing the impacts of landscape factors on bee communities. Instead, our research suggests that improving bee floral resources by increasing the plant species richness and abundance locally is a powerful tool to support bee conservation, regardless of the level of urbanization or tree cover in the surrounding landscape. Our work highlights that the practice of promoting 'bee-friendly' plantings in private yards, currently being undertaken by a number of non-profits around the world, can play an important role in restoring and maintaining urban pollinator communities.</p>
Local plant richness predicts bee abundance and diversity in a study of urban residential yards
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Synth-Yard-MCMOT-1 – A synthetic multi camera multi object dataset in the context of yard logistics
<p>The dataset "Synth-Yard-MCMOT-1" is a novel image dataset for multi-camera multi-object tracking (MCMOT). It is the first of its kind to be generated in a virtual environment with the main focus on the tracking of trucks in yard logistics environments. The dataset consists of a total of 12,008 images generated by eight different cameras. The images contain 44,232 bounding boxes and segmentation masks and 52 individual tracks. Additionally, we provide a ninth camera, which is used to generate unified ground-truth information for the whole scene from an orthographic, top-down perspective comparable to a bird’s eye or map-view. The purpose of this dataset is to provide yard management systems with relevant data, which can be employed when aiming to determine the exact position of a truck and specifically identifying which gateway or designated parking spot it is located in. <br>Additionally in this dataset we added the annotations in the COCO-style format as well as the raw image-data.<br>Initial benchmarks for single-camera tracking demonstrate a mean IDF1 score of 0.96 and a mean MOTA score of 0.94, laying the baseline for computing world coordinates via MCMOT.<br><br><span>This work is part of the project “Silicon Economy Logistics </span><span>Ecosystem” which is funded by the German Federal Ministry </span><span>of Transport and Digital Infrastructure. <br></span><span>This research has partly been funded by the Federal Ministry </span><span>of Education and Research of Germany and the state of North-</span><span>Rhine Westphalia as part of the Lamarr-Institute for Machine </span><span>Learning and Artificial Intelligence. <br></span><span>We would like to thank our colleagues Julian Hinxlage, </span><span>Oleg Belov, Habib Kilic, Nicole Wagner-Hanl, Leona Cerimi, </span><span>Antonia Ponikarov and Nico Lindemann for their support.</span></p> <p><span>The code to create this dataset can be found here: </span><span>https://git.openlogisticsfoundation.org/silicon-economy/base/ml-toolbox/</span><span>synth-data-mcmot</span></p> <div> <div> </div> <div> </div> </div> <p> </p>
Grassland reconstruction in a factory yard increases biodiversity and reduces costs of implementation and maintenance
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Roman Column at Minster Yard in York, UK
Only remaining column of 36 that once supported a grand Roman hall, with an informational plaque. Reconstructed from the original at this location for tourists to see. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Blackfriars Ireland Yard Stone
A mystery stone in a small garden on Ireland Yard, Blackfriars, London. I would love to know what this is or which building it came from but as yet I haven't found any information on it. It is right next to the rubble wall remnant from the Dominican Priory: https://skfb.ly/6NuYM 87 photos taken in September 2019 with a Sony a6000 and processed in Agisoft Metashape. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Nationwide Research on the Rewilding of Kindergarten Yards
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06390878. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Angel yard sculpture low poly
Angel yard sculpture Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.