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Fig 25 in Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)

Fig 25. Field photographs of whole barnacles of Chthamalus species from the Eastern Pacific. C. dalli, Cape Thompson; B. C. dalli, Dillon Beach, CA; C. C. fissus, Pacific Grove, CA; D. C. fissus, La Jolla, CA; E, F. C. alani, La Paz, Mexico; G. C. newmani Panama City; H. C. newmani, Naos Is., Panama; I. C. hedgecocki, Bahia Chamela, Mexico; J. C. hedgecocki, Pt. Lobos, Mexico; K. C. panamensis, Naos Is., Panama; L. C panamensis, Panama City; M, N. C. anisopoma La Paz, Mexico. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g025

Fig 16 in Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)

Fig 16. Chthamalus newmani sp. nov. Holotype (NHMUK 2016. 9), Panama City. A, maxilla. B, maxillule. C, notch region of maxillule. D, mandible. E, second to fourth teeth, pecten and inferior angle of mandible. F, mandibular palp. G, labrum. H, cutting margin of labrum showing the fine teeth. Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g016

Fig 1 in Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)

Fig 1. Sampling sites for specimens used in species identification, descriptions and other key locations mentioned in the text. See Table 1 for detailed site locations and analysis. Middle America outline map courtesy Arizona Geographic Alliance http://geoalliance.asu.edu. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g001

Fig 20 in Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)

Fig 20. Chthamalus panamensis from Avenida Amador, Naos Island, Panama. SEMs. A-F, cirrus I, with details of serrulate setae in B, C, D, F on rami and pappose setae (E) on basipodite. G–K, cirrus II, showing details of: H, bidenticulate setae with basal guards; I, serrulate setae on first segments of anterior and posterior rami; J, K, pappose setae on basipodite. L, cirrus III (left and right pair), note the difference in length of anterior and posterior rami. M, intermediate segments of posterior ramus of cirrus III. N, intermediate segmenst of anterior ramus of cirrus III. O-P, cirrus IV, with detail of intermediate segment in P. Q-S, cirrus VI, with details of intermediate segments in (S) and (R). Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020

Fig 24 in Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)

Fig 24. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of mitochondrial gene sequences. Nodal supports are denoted on the corresponding branches for a bootstrap value> 50% for ML analysis. Black squares indicate sequence from Wares et al. 2009. White squares indicate sequences from Pitombo and Burton, 2007. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g024

Fig 7 in Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)

Fig 7. Chthamalus anisopoma, La Paz Bay, Baja California. A, B, cirrus I, showing the presence of bidenticulate setae (bi) without basal guards enlarged in B. C, D. E, cirrus II, showing the presence of bidenticulate setae with basal guards on the first few segments (indicated by double end arrows) in anterior ramus (D) and posterior ramus (E). F, cirrus III. G, cirrus IV. H, cirrus V. Intermediate segment of anterior rami of cirri III-V are shown as inserts in E-H. Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g007

Fig 14 in Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)

Fig 14. Chthamalus newmani sp. nov. Holotype (NHMUK 2016. 9), Panama City. A, B, cirrus IV. B, enlarged intermediate segment of anterior ramus of cirrus IV. C, D, cirrus V. D, enlarged intermediate segment of anterior ramus of cirrus V. E, F, cirrus VI F, enlarged intermediate segment of anterior ramus of cirrus VI. G, serrulate setae on basipodite of cirrus VI, H, setae on tip of anterior ramus of cirrus VI. Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g014

Fig 4. Chthamalus alani nom. nov. Matzalan, Mexico. A, B, cirrus I in Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)

Fig 4. Chthamalus alani nom. nov. Matzalan, Mexico. A, B, cirrus I, showing the presence of bidenticulate setae (bi) with or without basal guards (bg), enlarged in B. C, D, cirrus II, showing the presence of bidenticulate setae (bi) with basal guards (bg) on the first few segments (indicated by double end arrows) in D. E, cirrus III. F, cirrus IV. G, cirrus V. H, cirrus VI. Intermediate segments of anterior rami of cirri III-VI are shown as inserts in E-H. Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g004

Fig 11 in Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)

Fig 11. Chthamalus hedgecocki, Point Lobos,Todos Santos, Baja California Sur, Mexico. A, maxilla. B, maxillule. C, mandible. D, third and fourth teeth, pecten and inferior angle of mandible. E, mandibular palp. F, serrulate setae on superior margin of mandibular palp. G, labrum. H, cutting margin of labrum showing the fine teeth. Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g011

FIGURE 5 in A new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle, Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Lau Basin

FIGURE 5. Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. (holotype). A. magnified view of protuberant segments of the posterior (pos) and anterior rami (ant) of cirrus I. B. Simple setae of the anterior ramus of cirrus I. C. Serrulate setae of anterior ramus of cirrus I. D. Distal segments of anterior ramus of cirrus I E. Maxilla. F. Serrulate setae on the cutting margin of the maxillule. G. Maxillule. H. simple robust setae on the cutting edge of the maxillule. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURE 1 in A new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle, Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Lau Basin

FIGURE 1. Sampling locations of Vulcaolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. and Vulcanolepas sp. 1 in Herrera et al (2015). Note DNA barcode sequences of Vulcanolepas buckeridgei and V. sp. 1 is similar, suggesting they are con-specific.

FIGURE 7 in A new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle, Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Lau Basin

FIGURE 7. Genetic results showing that Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. represents a single taxon with Neoverruca brachylepadoformis as outgroup in this study. Numbers at nodes are percentages of bootstrap support from maximum likelihood and posterior probabilities from Bayesian inference analysis (ML/BI).

FIGURE 3 in A new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle, Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Lau Basin

FIGURE 3. Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. (holotype). Dissected individual showing the internal face of the capitulum (S—scutum, T—tergum, ML—medial latus). B. somatic body showing the six pairs of cirri (I–VI) and caudal appendage (CA). Note the six pairs of cirri are located close to each other, without the first pairs being separated from other pairs of cirri, as seen in most scalpellomorph species. Scale bars in cm.

FIGURE 2 in A new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle, Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Lau Basin

FIGURE 2. Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. (holotype). A. Left view, B. Right view, C. Rostral view, D. Carinal view of whole specimens. T—tergum, S—scutum, R—Rostrum, C—Carina. White arrows indicate the basal angle of the tergum, which is elevated above the capitular-peduncular interface. Scale bars in cm.

FIGURE 4 in A new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle, Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Lau Basin

FIGURE 4. Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. (holotype). A. Cirri I. B. Cirrus II. C. Cirrus III. D. Cirrus IV. E. Cirrus V. F. Cirrus VI. G. Caudal appendages (CA, indicated by arrow). H. Penis. Scale bars in µm. ant—anterior ramus, pos—posterior ramus.

FIGURE 6 in A new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle, Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Lau Basin

FIGURE 6. Vulcanolepas buckeridgei sp. nov. (holotype). A. Right mandible B. Serrated teeth on mandular cutting margin. C. Spine behind the first tooth. D. Inferior angle of mandible. E. Left mandible. F. Magnified view of serrated teeth on cutting margin. G. Mandibulatory palp. H. Labrum. Scale bars in µm.

FIGURE 6 in A new species of hydrothermal vent stalked barnacle Vulcanolepas (Scalpelliforms: Eolepadidae) from the North Fiji Basin, Southwestern Pacific Ocean

FIGURE 6. Ƒulcanolepas fijiensis sp. nov. Paratype. A. Whole view of the barnacle. B. Cirrus I, showing the distal half of ramus bearing antenniform segments (antenniform segs) and proximal half bearing robust segments (robust segs). Holotype. C. Drawing of penis and insert showing magnified view of the minute caudal appendages. Scale bars in mm in A, µm in B, C.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of hydrothermal vent stalked barnacle Vulcanolepas (Scalpelliforms: Eolepadidae) from the North Fiji Basin, Southwestern Pacific Ocean

FIGURE 2. In situ underwater photographs of the type locality of Ƒulcanolepas fijiensis sp. nov. in the North Fiji Basin, Southwestern Pacific Ocean. A. Overview of the diffuse-flow area. B. Species community where Ƒ. fijiensis was found. Arrows indicate Ƒ. fijiensis individuals. Scale bar = 10 cm.

FIGURE 1 in A new species of hydrothermal vent stalked barnacle Vulcanolepas (Scalpelliforms: Eolepadidae) from the North Fiji Basin, Southwestern Pacific Ocean

FIGURE 1. World map showing the global distribution of all known neolepadids. Insert shows enlarged area of the Southern Pacific region, including the Lau Ridge and North Fiji Basin, and the sampling location of Ƒulcanolepas fijiensis sp. nov. Note that the Indian Ocean is dominated by one species, Neolepas marisindica. The orientation of the insert is not the same as that of the world map. Part of the world map is redrawn from Buckeridge et al. 2013.

FIGURE 8 in A new species of hydrothermal vent stalked barnacle Vulcanolepas (Scalpelliforms: Eolepadidae) from the North Fiji Basin, Southwestern Pacific Ocean

FIGURE 8. Neighbor-joining tree based on the CO1 gene of species of the subfamily Neolepadinae. Bootstrap values>50% are given above the nodes.