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Fig. 9 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 9. Phalangodus cottus sp. nov. a–b, d–h. Holotype, ♂ (MNRJ 8654). c. Paratype, ♀ (MNRJ 17942). a. Habitus, dorsal view. b. Left pedipalp trochanter and femur, ectal view. c. left pedipalpal femur, mesal view. d–e. Right femur II, proximal portion. d. Retrolateral view. e. Ventral view. f–h. Right leg IV. f. Femur, patella and tibia, prolateral view. g. Patella and tibia, dorsal view. h. Femur, dorsal view. Scale bars: a = 5 mm; b–h = 1 mm.

Fig. 8. — a–b in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 8. — a–b. Phalangodus cottus sp. nov., holotpye, ♂ (MNRJ 8654). a. Habitus, dorsal view. b. Habitus, lateral view. —c–d. Phalangodus gyes sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (MNRJ 8655). c. Habitus, dorsal view. d. Habitus, lateral view. Scale bars = 5 mm.

Fig. 6 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 6. Phalangodus briareos sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (MNRJ 2382), penis distal portion. a. Ventral view. b. Lateral view. c. Dorsal view. d. Stylar caps, dorsal view. e. Stylus, lateral view.

Fig. 5 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 5. Phalangodus briareos sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (MNRJ 2382). a. Habitus, dorsal view. b. Left pedipalpal femur, ectal view. c. Right femur IV, dorsal view. d. Right patella and tibia IV, dorsal view. e–f. Right femur II, proximal portion. e. Retrolateral view. f. Ventral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 10 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 10. Phalangodus cottus sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (MNRJ 17942), penis distal portion. a. Lateral view. b. Dorsal view. c. Ventral view. d. Stylar caps, ventrodistal view. e. Distal portion of the ventral plate and stylus, dorsolateral view.

Fig. 4 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 4. Phalangodus briareos sp. nov., ♂, holotype (MNRJ 2382). a. Habitus, dorsal view. b. Habitus, ventral view. c. Habitus, lateral view. Scale bars = 5 mm.

Fig. 3. Phalangodus anacosmetus Gervais, 1842 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 3. Phalangodus anacosmetus Gervais, 1842 (ICN-AO-1000), penis distal portion. a. Dorsal view. b. Lateral view. c. Ventral view. d. Detail of MS C, MS E and microsetae, lateral view. e. Stylar caps, ventrodistal view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

Fig. 2. Phalangodus anacosmetus Gervais, 1842 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 2. Phalangodus anacosmetus Gervais, 1842 (syntypes of Allocranaus giganteus Mello-Leitão, 1940, MNRJ 00126). a–b. ♂, juvenile. a. Habitus, dorsal view. b. Habitus, lateral view. c–d. ♀. c. Habitus, dorsal view. d. Habitus, lateral view. Scale bars = 5 mm. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

opencc-zeroJun 2020View details →

Chromosomal-level genome assembly of the scimitar‐horned oryx: insights into diversity and demography of a species extinct in the wild

Captive populations provide a valuable insurance against extinctions in the wild. However, they are also vulnerable to the negative impacts of inbreeding, selection and drift. Genetic information is therefore considered a critical aspect of conservation management. Recent developments in sequencing technologies have the potential to improve the outcomes of management programmes; however, the transfer of these approaches to applied conservation has been slow. The scimitar‐horned oryx (Oryx dammah) is a North African antelope that has been extinct in the wild since the early 1980s and is the focus of a large‐scale and long‐term reintroduction project. To enable the selection of suitable founder individuals, facilitate post‐release monitoring and improve captive breeding management, comprehensive genomic resources are required. Here, we used 10X Chromium sequencing together with Hi‐C contact mapping to develop a chromosomal‐level genome assembly for the species. The resulting assembly contained 29 chromosomes with a scaffold N50 of 100.4 Mb, and displayed strong chromosomal synteny with the cattle genome. Using resequencing data from six additional individuals, we demonstrated relatively high genetic diversity in the scimitar‐horned oryx compared to other mammals, despite it having experienced a strong founding event in captivity. Additionally, the level of diversity across populations varied according to management strategy. Finally, we uncovered a dynamic demographic history that coincided with periods of climate variation during the Pleistocene. Overall, our study provides a clear example of how genomic data can uncover valuable insights into captive populations and contributes important resources to guide future management decisions of an endangered species.

opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →

FIG. 2. — Veredatrypa rosai n. gen., n in New Brazilian Tafaliscina increase the diversity of this Neotropical cricket clade (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae: Paroecanthini)

FIG. 2. — Veredatrypa rosai n. gen., n. sp. male: A, dorsal habitus; B, lateral habitus; C, frontal head; D, right FW, dorsal field; E, metanotum, dorsal; F, supra anal plate; G, subgenital plate; H, hind tibia, inner face; I, hind tibia, outer face. Female: J, dorsal habitus; K, supra anal plate and ovipositor, dorsal; L, subgenital plate and ovipositor, ventral. Scale bars: A, B, K, 2 mm; C-J, L, M, 1 mm.

opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →

FIG. 8. — Veredatrypa fusca n. gen., n in New Brazilian Tafaliscina increase the diversity of this Neotropical cricket clade (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae: Paroecanthini)

FIG. 8. — Veredatrypa fusca n. gen., n. sp. male: A, dorsal habitus; B, lateral habitus; C, frontal head; D, right FW, dorsal field; E, metanotum, dorsal; F, supra anal plate; G, subgenital plate. Female: H, dorsal habitus; I, supra anal plate and ovipositor, dorsal; J, subgenital plate and ovipositor, ventral. Scale bars: A, B, H, 2 mm; C-G, I, J, 1 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2020View details →

Dataset for "Structural diversity with varying disorder enables the multicolored display in the longhorn beetle Sulawesiella rafaelae"

Dataset for "Structural diversity with varying disorder enables the multicolored display in the longhorn beetle Sulawesiella rafaelae" The data is arranged into a .zip folder, containing the following files (.txt, .tif, jpg files). This data and the descriptions below should be read in conjunction with the manuscript and “Supporting Info”, both of which may be found on the iScience homepage. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101339

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2020View details →

Dataset for "Intraspecies diversity reveals a subset of highly variable plant immune receptors and predicts their binding sites"

Datasets for preprint (https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.10.190785) entitled: "Intraspecies diversity reveals a subset of highly variable plant immune receptors and predicts their binding sites" Contains: - All data files for scripts quoted in the preprint and deposited at https://github.com/krasileva-group/hvNLR - Clade Membership Tables - Clade Alignment Files - Clade Trees - Excel files for Figure S1, Figure S2, and Table 1

opencc-zeroDec 2018View details →

Data from: Neo-sex chromosomes and demography shape genetic diversity in the critically endangered Raso lark

Generally small effective population sizes expose island species to inbreeding and loss of genetic variation. The Raso lark has been restricted to a single islet for ~500 years, with a population size of a few hundred. To investigate the factors shaping genetic diversity in the species, we assembled a reference genome for the related Eurasian skylark and then assessed genomic diversity and demographic history using RAD-seq data (26 Raso lark samples and 52 samples from its two most closely related mainland species). Genetic diversity in the Raso lark is lower than in its mainland relatives, but is nonetheless considerably higher than anticipated given its recent population size. This is partly explained by an unusual and dramatic effect of enlarged neo-sex chromosomes, which preserve high heterozygosity across 13% of the genome in females, and account for half of the overall genetic diversity in the population. In addition, by reconstructing past demography we find that genetic signatures of the recent population contraction are overshadowed by an ancient expansion and persistence of a very large population until the human settlement of Cape Verde. Nevertheless, relatedness analyses suggest that the population is at risk of inbreeding depression. Our findings are particularly important in that they reveal the hidden effects of genome architecture in shaping diversity estimates, and hence demonstrate the value of a reference genome and population genomic analyses over conventional metrics to study diversity in non-model and endangered species.

opencc-zeroJun 2020View details →

Phylogenomics indicates Amazonia as the major source of Neotropical swarm-founding social wasp diversity

The Neotropical realm harbors unparalleled species richness and hence has challenged biologists to explain the cause of its high biotic diversity. Empirical studies to shed light on the processes underlying biological diversification in the Neotropics are focused mainly on vertebrates and plants, with little attention to the hyperdiverse insect fauna. Here, we use phylogenomic data from ultraconserved element (UCE) loci to reconstruct for the first time the evolutionary history of Neotropical swarm-founding social wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Epiponini). Using maximum likelihood, Bayesian, and species tree approaches we recovered a highly resolved phylogeny for epiponine wasps. Additionally, we estimated divergence dates, diversification rates, and the biogeographic history for these insects in order to test whether the group followed a "museum" (speciation events occurred gradually over many millions of years) or "cradle" (lineages evolved rapidly over a short time period) model of diversification. The origin of many genera and all sampled extant Epiponini species occurred during the Miocene and Plio-Pleistocene. Moreover, we detected no major shifts in the estimated diversification rate during the evolutionary history of Epiponini, suggesting a relatively gradual accumulation of lineages with low extinction rates. Several lines of evidence suggest that the Amazonian region played a major role in the evolution of Epiponini wasps. This spatio-temporal diversification pattern, most likely concurrent with climatic and landscape changes in the Neotropics during the Miocene and Pliocene, establishes the Amazonian region as the major source of Neotropical swarm-founding social wasp diversity.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Emotion and Diversity in Online Publics - Supporting Materials

Supporting materials for the article "Counterpublic, Deliberative Sphere, Incubator, Battleground: Emotion and Diversity in Online Publics". "

opencc-zeroSep 2020View details →

Data from: Comparing methods for mapping global parasite diversity

Aim Parasites are a major component of global ecosystems, yet spatial variation in parasite diversity is poorly known, largely because their occurrence data are limited and thus difficult to interpret. Using a recently compiled database of parasite occurrences, we compare different models which we use to infer parasite geographic ranges and parasite species richness across the globe. Innovation To date, most studies exploring spatial patterns of parasite diversity assumed, with little validation, that the geographic range of a parasite species can be represented by the collective geographic range of its host species. Our study compares this assumption with a suite of other methods to infer parasite distribution from parasite occurrence data (e.g. based on data density, ecoregions and climatic conditions). We highlight diversity hotspots identified by the various methods and compare the effects of sampling intensities in different regions, a crucial factor of observed parasite diversity. Main conclusions The type of model used to infer parasite distributions affects estimates of both total species richness and spatial patterns of hotspots of parasite richness. Overall, the models based on reported occurrences share similar areas of high parasite richness that tends to be biased towards areas of high sampling effort. In contrast, the model based on host distributions showed hotspots of parasite diversity which are biased towards areas of high host species richness. Accounting for sampling effort could only help to reconcile the outcome from the different models in some regions. Further, the non-saturated species accumulation curves even for the best studied regions of the world such as Europe and North America as a call for further sampling effort and development of effective analytic tools that can provide robust accounts of global parasite diversity.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2015View details →

Figure 2 in Improved local inventory and regional contextualization for anuran (Amphibia) diversity assessment at an endangered habitat in southeastern Brazil

Figure 2. Rarefaction curves based on Jackknife I species-richness estimator for records of adults, tadpoles and all life stages pooled for four canga lakes at the Quadrilátero Ferrífero region, southeastern Brazil.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2015View details →

Figure 7 in Diversity and life-history traits of wild bees (Insecta: Hymenoptera) in intensive agricultural landscapes in the Rolling Pampa, Argentina

Figure 7. Mean number of (a) above-ground nesting bee individuals, (b) floral specialist bee individuals, (c) oligolectic bee individuals and (d) oil-collecting bee individuals in cropped area (n = 28 points) and semi-natural area (n = 11 points). ns indicates a non-significant result. Asterisks indicate that means are significantly different (Wilcoxon rank sum test, ** = P <0.01). Bars show SEs.