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617 results for “Early Jurassic”
Data from: New records of the late Pliensbachian to early Toarcian (Early Jurassic) gladius-bearing coleoid cephalopods from the Ya Ha Tinda Lagerstätte, Canada
The Ya Ha Tinda Lagerstätte from Alberta, Canada, is the first Jurassic marine Konservat-Lagerstätte from North America and hosts a substantial collection of exceptionally preserved fossil Vampyropoda specimens. Vampyropods are soft-bodied cephalopods (coleoids) characterized by eight arms and an internalized chitinous shell (gladius). Due to their lack of hard parts, Vampyropoda have a fragmentary fossil record, largely limited to exceptional Lagerstätten deposits. Excavations at Ya Ha Tinda have uncovered sixteen vampyropod fossils from Pliensbachian and Toarcian strata, making it the largest deposit of Vampyropoda found outside of the Tethys Ocean (Europe and the Middle East) for the Jurassic. Here, we present a taxonomic analysis of the Ya Ha Tinda Vampyropoda specimens and the first comprehensive study of Early Jurassic vampyropods from North America. In total, fourteen specimens have sufficient morphological details preserved on the gladius for taxonomic descriptions. Two specimens are identifiable only to the suborder Loligosepiina (one to the family Geopeltidae), while the remaining twelve specimens are identified to the genus level; six Paraplesioteuthis, three Loligosepia, one Geopeltis, one Parabelopeltis, and one Jeletzkyteuthis. The discovery of Loligosepia cf. aalensis within Pliensbachian strata pushes back the earliest occurrence of this taxon from the early Toarcian to the late Pliensbachian. With the exception of Paraplesioteuthis, this is the first time these genera have been found outside of Europe for the Jurassic; therefore, this study significantly expands their palaeogeographic range. Furthermore, with established high-resolution bio and chemostratigraphy, specimens can be assigned to ammonite zones and placed in context of the global Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event.
Data from: Gauging scale effects and biogeographical signals in similarity distance decay analyses: an Early Jurassic ammonite case study
In biogeography, the similarity distance decay (SDD) relationship refers to the decrease in compositional similarity between communities with geographical distance. Although representing one of the most widely used relationships in biogeography, a review of the literature reveals that: (1) SDD is influenced by both spatial extent and sample size; (2) the potential effect of the phylogenetic level has yet to be tested; (3) the effect of a marked biogeographical structuring upon SDD patterns is largely unknown; and (4) the SDD relationship is usually explored with modern, mainly terrestrial organisms, whereas fossil taxa are seldom used in that perspective. Using this relationship, we explore the long-distance dispersal of the Early Jurassic (early Pliensbachian, c. 190.8 Ma to 187.6 Ma) ammonites of the western Tethys and adjacent areas, in a context of marked provincialism. We show that the long-distance dispersal of these ammonites is not related to shell size and shape, but rather to the environmental characteristics of the province to which they belong. This suggests that their long-distance dispersal may have been essentially driven by passive planktonic drift during early juvenile, post-hatching stages. Furthermore, it seems that the SDD relationship is not always an appropriate method to characterize the existence of a biogeographical structuring. We conducted SDD analyses at various spatial, sampling and phylogenetic scales in order to evaluate their sensitivity to scale effects. This multi-scale approach indicates that the sampling scale may influence SDD rates in an unpredictable way and that the phylogenetic level has a major impact on SDD patterns.
FIGURE 8 in New fossil Osmylopsychopidae (Neuroptera) from the Early / Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia
FIGURE 8. Osmylopsychostoechus sogulensis gen. et sp. nov. Paratype PIN 2384/472, specimen as preserved. Scale bar = 5 mm.
FIGURE 7 in New fossil Osmylopsychopidae (Neuroptera) from the Early / Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia
FIGURE 7. Osmylopsychostoechus sogulensis gen. et sp. nov. Paratype PIN 1526/116. A, part. B, counterpart. C, forewing venation. Scale bar = 5 mm (all to scale).
FIGURE 6 in New fossil Osmylopsychopidae (Neuroptera) from the Early / Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia
FIGURE 6. Osmylopsychostoechus sogulensis gen. et sp. nov. Holotype PIN 2032/510. A, part. B, counterpart. C, forewing venation. Scale bars = 5 mm (B, C to scale).
FIGURE 4 in New fossil Osmylopsychopidae (Neuroptera) from the Early / Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia
FIGURE 4. Psychostoechotes undulatus gen. et sp. nov. Holotype PIN 2345/335. A, part. B, counterpart. Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in New fossil Osmylopsychopidae (Neuroptera) from the Early / Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia
FIGURE 2. Oligophlebiopsis biramosa gen. et sp. nov. Hind wing venation of the holotype PIN 2903/295. Scale bar = 2 mm.
FIGURE 10 in New fossil Osmylopsychopidae (Neuroptera) from the Early / Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia
FIGURE 10. Osmylopsychopidae gen. et sp. indet. Specimen PIN 1724/323. A, specimen as preserved. B, hind wing venation. Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 5 in New fossil Osmylopsychopidae (Neuroptera) from the Early / Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia
FIGURE 5. Psychostoechotes undulatus gen. et sp. nov. Forewing venation of the holotype PIN 2345/335. Scale bar = 5 mm.
FIGURE 1 in New fossil Osmylopsychopidae (Neuroptera) from the Early / Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia
FIGURE 1. Oligophlebiopsis biramosa gen. et sp. nov. Holotype PIN 2903/295. A, part. B, counterpart. Scale bars = 2 mm.
FIGURE 3 in New fossil Osmylopsychopidae (Neuroptera) from the Early / Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia
FIGURE 3. Osmylopsychoides anteromedialis gen. et sp. nov. Holotype PIN 2389/512. A, photograph of specimen as preserved. B, forewing venation. Scale bar = 5 mm (both to scale).
FIGURE 9 in New fossil Osmylopsychopidae (Neuroptera) from the Early / Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia
FIGURE 9. Osmylopsychostoechus sp. Specimen PIN 1526/118. A, part. B, counterpart. C, hind wing venation. Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 3 in A new Ginglymodi (Actinopterygii, Holostei) from the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of Thailand, with comments on the early diversification of Lepisosteiformes in Southeast Asia
FIGURE 3. Khoratichthys gibbus, gen. et sp. nov., skull of the holotype, NRRU 6011-01. A and B, silicone peels of the left and right sides. C and D, interpretative line drawings of A and B. Abbreviations: br, branchiostegal rays; cl, cleithrum; d, dentary; dsp, dermosphenotic; fr, frontal; io, infraorbital bones; iop, interopercle; mand, mandible; mcn, mandibular sensory canal; mx, maxilla; op, opercle; pa, parietal; pal, palatine; pcl, postcleithrum; pmx, premaxilla; pop, preopercle; pt, pterygoid; ptt, posttemporal; scl, supracleithrum; socn, supraorbital sensory canal; sop, subopercle; su, supraorbital bones; suo, suborbital. Scale bars equal 2 cm.
FIGURE 4 in A new Ginglymodi (Actinopterygii, Holostei) from the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of Thailand, with comments on the early diversification of Lepisosteiformes in Southeast Asia
FIGURE 4. Khoratichthys gibbus, gen. et sp. nov., holotype NRRU 6011-01. Interpretative line drawings of the dorsal fin in A, left and B, right lateral views. C, interpretative line drawing of the anal fin. Interpretative line drawings of the caudal fin in D, left and E, right lateral views. Abbreviations: b.fu, basal fulcra; fr.fu, fringing fulcra; p.b.fu, paired basal fulcra; sct, scute; u.b.fu, unpaired basal fulcra. Scale bars equal 2 cm.
FIGURE 2 in A new Ginglymodi (Actinopterygii, Holostei) from the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of Thailand, with comments on the early diversification of Lepisosteiformes in Southeast Asia
FIGURE 2. Khoratichthys gibbus, gen. et sp. nov. Photographs of peels of the holotype, NRRU 6011-01, in A, left and B, right lateral views. Scale bars equal 2 cm.
FIGURE 1. A in A new Ginglymodi (Actinopterygii, Holostei) from the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of Thailand, with comments on the early diversification of Lepisosteiformes in Southeast Asia
FIGURE 1. A, map of Thailand showing the location of the Phu Kradung Formation (in black). B, close-up of northeastern Thailand with location of Ban Non Sao-Ae. C, photograph of the negative imprint of the holotype, NRRU 6011-01, of Khoratichthys gibbus, gen. et sp. nov. Scale bar equals 2 cm (C).
FIGURE 7 in A new Ginglymodi (Actinopterygii, Holostei) from the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of Thailand, with comments on the early diversification of Lepisosteiformes in Southeast Asia
FIGURE 7. Calibrated phylogeny of ginglymodian fishes. Bremer support greater than 1 is indicated in brackets before the slash, and bootstrap values greater than 50 after the slash. Taxa in bold are those found in the Phu Kradung Formation, Thailand.
FIGURE 5 in A new Ginglymodi (Actinopterygii, Holostei) from the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of Thailand, with comments on the early diversification of Lepisosteiformes in Southeast Asia
FIGURE 5. Khoratichthys gibbus, gen. et sp. nov., holotype NRRU 6011-01. A, photographs of the dorsal part of the trunk in silicone peel. B, interpretative line drawing of A. Abbreviations: a.d.pr, anterior dorsal process of scale; cl, cleithrum; df, dorsal fin; d.p, dorsal peg; ptt, posttemporal; scl, supracleithrum; sn, supraneural. Scale bars equal 2 cm.
FIGURE 3 in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 3. Proleptolepis-like (MV 202612) from Grimmen. Line drawing of cranial bones in medial view. Dashed lines indicate moulds. Abbreviations: iop, interopercle; io3, infraorbital 3; io.c, infraorbital sensory canal; op, opercle; pop, preopercle; pop.c, preopercular sensory canal; sop, subopercle; suo, suborbital.
FIGURE 11 in Exceptionally preserved Leptolepidae (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) from the late Early Jurassic Fossil-Lagerstätten of Grimmen and Dobbertin (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany)
FIGURE 11. Leptolepis jaegeri (GG 431/10) from Grimmen. Line drawing of caudal skeleton. Abbreviations: d.sc, dorsal caudal scute; ebf, epaxial basal fulcra; E1-3, epurals 1 to 3; ff, fringing fulcrum; H1, hypural 1; H3, hypural 3; H9, hypural 9; nsPU3, neural spine of preural vertebra 3; nsU1+2, neural spines of ural vertebra 1+2; PU1, preural vertebra 1; UN1, uroneural 1; UN7, uroneural 7; U1+2, ural vertebra 1+2; U3, ural vertebra 3; v.sc, ventral caudal scute; 1stPR, first principal caudal ray; 19thPR, 19th principal caudal ray.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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