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opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Supporting Information for "Electron and proton peak intensities as observed by a five-spacecraft fleet in solar cycle 25"

<p>Table of parameters employed in the study "Electron and proton peak intensities as observed by a five-spacecraft fleet in solar cycle 25". The table contains the original peak intensities directly taken from the <em>SERPENTINE SEP event catalog</em>, without any scaling or inter-calibration factors that are applied in the study. All information provided in the table is based on the <em>SERPENTINE SEP event catalog</em> and <em>SERPENTINE CME and coronal shocks catalog</em><strong>,</strong> only limiting the variables to those used in this study. The dataset is in CSV format.</p> <p>For more information, and if you use this table, please refer to the corresponding publication:</p> <blockquote> <div> <p>Electron and proton peak intensities as observed by a five-spacecraft fleet in solar cycle 25<br>G. U. Farwa, N. Dresing, J. Gieseler, L. Vuorinen, I. G. Richardson, C. Palmroos, S. Valkila, B. Heber, S. Jensen, P. Kühl, L. Rodríguez-García and R. Vainio<br>A&A, 693 (2025) A198<br>DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450945">10.1051/0004-6361/202450945</a></p> </div> </blockquote> <div> <div> </div> </div> <p><strong>Field descriptions</strong></p> <ul> <li>id: ID</li> <li>date: Event date [UTC]</li> <li>flare_time: Flare time [UTC]</li> <li>flare_lat: Flare Carrington latitude [deg]</li> <li>flare_lon: Flare Carrington longitude [deg]</li> <li>flare_class: Flare class (GOES)</li> <li>flare_comments: Flare Comments</li> <li>radio_type2: Radio type II bursts</li> <li>decametric_type2_start: Decametric type II burst start time [UT]</li> <li>decametric_type2_stop: Decametric type II burst end time [UT]</li> <li>radio_type2_start: Metric radio type II burst start time [UT]</li> <li>radio_type2_stop: Metric radio type II burst end time [UT]</li> <li>solar_mach_link: Solar-Mach link</li> <li>S/C codes <ul> <li>BepiC: BepiColombo</li> <li>L1: L1 (SOHO/Wind)</li> <li>PSP: Parker Solar Probe</li> <li>STA: STEREO A</li> <li>SolO: Solar Orbiter</li> </ul> </li> <li>S/C related field descriptions <ul> <li>{sc}_sc_lat: S/C Carrington latitude [deg]</li> <li>{sc}_sc_lon: S/C Carrington longitude [deg]</li> <li>{sc}_dist: S/C radial distance [au]</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_onset_date: S/C protons 25 MeV onset date [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_onset_time: S/C protons 25 MeV onset time [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_onset_time_formatted: S/C protons 25 MeV onset time [UTC] (Formatted)</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_onset_averaging: S/C protons 25 MeV averaging used for onset [min]</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_onset_sector: S/C protons 25 MeV sector used for onset</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_peak_date: S/C protons 25 MeV peak date [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_peak_time: S/C protons 25 MeV peak time [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_peak_time_formatted: S/C protons 25 MeV peak time [UTC] (Formatted)</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_peak_flux: S/C protons 25 MeV original peak flux [cm^-2 s^-1 sr^-1 MeV^-1]</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_peak_flux_formatted: S/C protons 25 MeV original peak flux [cm^-2 s^-1 sr^-1 MeV^-1] (Formatted)</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_peak_averaging: S/C protons 25 MeV averaging used for peak [min]</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_peak_sector: S/C protons 25 MeV sector used for peak</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_injection_date: S/C protons 25 MeV inferred injection date [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_injection_time: S/C protons 25 MeV inferred injection time [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_sw_speed: S/C protons 25 MeV onset solar wind speed [km/s]</li> <li>{sc}_p25MeV_comments: S/C protons 25 MeV comments</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_onset_date: S/C electrons 100 keV onset date [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_onset_time: S/C electrons 100 keV onset time [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_onset_time_formatted: S/C electrons 100 keV onset time [UTC] (Formatted)</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_onset_averaging: S/C electrons 100 keV averaging used for onset [min]</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_onset_sector: S/C electrons 100 keV sector used for onset</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_peak_date: S/C electrons 100 keV peak date [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_peak_time: S/C electrons 100 keV peak time [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_peak_time_formatted: S/C electrons 100 keV peak time [UTC] (Formatted)</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_peak_flux: S/C electrons 100 keV original peak flux [cm^-2 s^-1 sr^-1 MeV^-1]</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_peak_flux_formatted: S/C electrons 100 keV original peak flux [cm^-2 s^-1 sr^-1 MeV^-1] (Formatted)</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_peak_averaging: S/C electrons 100 keV averaging used for peak [min]</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_peak_sector: S/C electrons 100 keV sector used for peak</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_injection_date: S/C electrons 100 keV inferred injection date [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_injection_time: S/C electrons 100 keV inferred injection time [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_sw_speed: S/C electrons 100 keV onset solar wind speed [km/s]</li> <li>{sc}_e100keV_comments: S/C electrons 100 keV comments</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_onset_date: S/C electrons 1 MeV onset date [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_onset_time: S/C electrons 1 MeV onset time [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_onset_time_formatted: S/C electrons 1 MeV onset time [UTC] (Formatted)</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_onset_averaging: S/C electrons 1 MeV averaging used for onset [min]</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_onset_sector: S/C electrons 1 MeV sector used for onset</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_peak_date: S/C electrons 1 MeV peak date [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_peak_time: S/C electrons 1 MeV peak time [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_peak_time_formatted: S/C electrons 1 MeV peak time [UTC] (Formatted)</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_peak_flux: S/C electrons 1 MeV original peak flux [cm^-2 s^-1 sr^-1 MeV^-1]</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_peak_flux_formatted: S/C electrons 1 MeV original peak flux [cm^-2 s^-1 sr^-1 MeV^-1] (Formatted)</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_peak_averaging: S/C electrons 1 MeV averaging used for peak [min]</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_peak_sector: S/C electrons 1 MeV sector used for peak</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_injection_date: S/C electrons 1 MeV inferred injection date [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_injection_time: S/C electrons 1 MeV inferred injection time [UTC]</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_sw_speed: S/C electrons 1 MeV onset solar wind speed [km/s]</li> <li>{sc}_e1MeV_comments: S/C electrons 1 MeV comments</li> <li>{sc}_ep_ratio: Ratio of Electrons (~1MeV) / Protons (25-40 MeV)</li> </ul> </li> <li>CME related descriptions <ul> <li>cme_id: CME ID</li> <li>L1_date: Date of CME identification at L1</li> <li>L1_time: Time of CME identification at L1</li> <li>L1_pos_speed: Plane of sky speed of CME measured at L1</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <div><strong>CHANGELOG:</strong></div> <div> <ul> <li>2025-06-12 <ul> <li>Updated peak fluxes and peak times of PSP 1 MeV electrons, as well as PSP's e/p ratios (the previous flux values are erroneous!)</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2021View details →

Supporting data for Wu et al. "Penetrating Electric Field Simulated by the MAGE and Observed by ICON" paper

This dataset contains the necessary data supporting the paper titled "Penetrating Electric Field Simulated by the MAGE and Observed by ICON", to be submitted by Wu et al., 2022. The dataset includes the Multiscale Atmosphere-Geospace Environment (MAGE) model simulation for two intervals to support 2020 Sep 26 9-10 UT and 2020 Sep 24 5-6 UT. The data contain neutral wind, ion drift, and electron density output.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Supported PdZn nanoparticles for selective CO2 conversion, through the grafting of a heterobimetallic complex on CeZrOx

<p>Supplementary material:  IR, PXRD, N2 adsorption, EDS, TEM, XPS, EXAFS, testing data</p>

dryad40/100

Genetic variation in Loudetia simplex supports the presence of ancient grasslands in Madagascar

<div><strong>Summary</strong></div> <div> </div> <div> <em>Research Aims</em> - The extent of Madagascar's grasslands prior to human colonization is unresolved. We used population genetic analyses of a broadly dominant C<sub>4</sub> fire-adapted grass, <em>Loudetia </em>simplex, as a proxy for estimating grassland change through time. We carefully examined the utility of target-enrichment data for population genetics to make recommendations for conservation genetics. We explored the potential of estimating individual ploidy levels from target-enrichment data and how assumptions about ploidy could affect analyses.</div> <div> </div> <div> <em>Methods</em> - We developed a novel bioinformatic pipeline based to estimate ploidy and genotypes from target-enrichment data. We estimated standard population genetic summary statistics in addition to species trees and population structure. Extended Bayesian skyline plots provided estimates of population size through time for empirical and simulated data.</div> <div> </div> <div> <em>Key Result </em>- All Malagasy <em>Loudetia </em>simplex individuals sampled in this study formed a clade and possibly indicated an ancestral high-altitude distribution. Demographic models suggested grassland expansions occurred prior to the Last Interglacial Period and supported extensive grasslands prior to human colonization. Though there are limitations to target-enrichment data for population genetic studies, we find that analyses of population structure are reliable.</div> <div> </div> <div> <em>Key Point - </em>Genetic variation in <em>Loudetia </em>simplex supports widespread grasslands in Madagascar prior to the more recent periods of notable paleoclimatic change. However, the methods explored here could not differentiate between paleoclimatic change near the Last Glacial Maximum and anthropogenic effects. Target-enrichment data can be a valuable tool for analyses of population structure in the absence a reference genome.</div> <div> </div> <div><strong>Societal Impact Statement</strong></div> <div> </div> <div>Recognizing <em>Loudetia </em>dominated grasslands were widespread prior to human colonization highlights that open ecosystems were and continue to be an important component to Madagascar's biodiversity. Urgently required are biodiversity inventories and risk assessments for unique grassland flora and fauna under present day environmental conditions to recognize and quantify modern human impacts within ecosystems historically regarded as wastelands. Substantial financial and logistic barriers exist to implementing conservation studies using contemporary genomic tools that we seek to ameliorate by developing computational resources to leverage a cost-effective data generation strategy that requires no prior genetic knowledge of the target species.</div>

opencc-zeroOct 2023View details →

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2023View details →

Western blots supporting "Phosphatases modified by LH signaling in ovarian follicles: testing their role in regulating the NPR2 guanylyl cyclase"

<p>Western blots used to generate figures 2-6 and S4 of the publication, Egbert JR, Silbern I, Uliasz TF, Lowther KM, Yee S-P, Urlaub H, and Jaffe LA. 2023. Phosphatases modified by LH signaling in ovarian follicles: testing their role in regulating the NPR2 guanylyl cyclase. <i>Biology of Reproduction</i>, ioad130. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioad130">https://doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioad130</a></p>

SSH CENTRE - Mini-reports : Focus groups on "Adaptation to Climate Change: support at least 150 European regions and communities to become climate resilient by 2030"

<p>SSH CENTRE (Social Sciences and Humanities for Climate, Energy aNd Transport Research Excellence) is a Horizon Europe project, engaging directly with stakeholders across research, policy, and business (including citizens) to strengthen social innovation, SSH-STEM collaboration, transdisciplinary policy advice, inclusive engagement, and SSH communities across Europe, accelerating the EU's transition to carbon neutrality.  </p><p>SSH CENTRE is based in a range of activities related to Open Science, inclusivity and diversity – especially with regards Southern and Eastern Europe and different career stages –  including: development of novel SSH-STEM collaborations to facilitate the delivery of the EU Green Deal; SSH knowledge brokerage to support regions in transition; and the effective design of strategies for citizen engagement in EU R&I activities. Outputs include action-led agendas and building stakeholder synergies through regular Policy Insight events.</p><p>This is captured in a high-profile virtual SSH CENTRE generating and sharing best practice for SSH policy advice, overcoming fragmentation to accelerate the EU's journey to a sustainable future.</p><p>The aim of the focus groups was to gather citizen's perspectives, their hopes, concerns and ideas related to the Horizon Mission of Adaptation to Climate Change: support at least 150 European regions and communities to become climate resilient by 2030. The focus group discussion topics while remaining close to the Mission, avoid specific technical references to allow citizens to contribute based on their differing levels of understanding. As part of the SSH CENTRE project, in total, four focus group series will be conducted relating to Adaptation to Climate Change; Restore our Ocean and Waters by 2030; 100 Climate-Neutral and Smart Cities by 2030; A Soil Deal for Europe.  </p><p>Notes were taken during each focus groups and turned into mini-reports. These mini-reports sum up the essence of the discussion: the participants' main ideas and some interesting quotes.  </p>

Supporting data for: Vocal fingerprinting reveals a substantially smaller global population of the Critically Endangered cao vit gibbon (Nomascus nasutus) than previously thought

<p>These data were used in the publication "Vocal fingerprinting reveals a substantially smaller global population of the Critically Endangered cao vit gibbon (Nomascus nasutus) than previously thought", currently in review. </p><p>The acoustic measurements provided in the file were input to the clustering analyses detailed in the paper. Each row corresponds to a single male song phrase. The columns include:</p><ul><li>GroupID - the name of the gibbon group, based on manual identification of the song phrase</li><li>MFCC[1-88] - Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients as detailed in the paper</li><li>Delta[89-176] - Delta-cepstral coefficients as detailed in the paper</li><li>Duration - the length of the song phrase (in seconds)</li><li>Freq 5% (Hz) and Freq 95% (Hz) - 5th and 95th percentile frequencies, respectively</li><li>Cao and Vit - the number of "cao" and "vit" components, respectively, present in the song phrase</li><li>CutFileName - the file name of the extracted song phrase (which also acts as a unique identifier)</li><li>Representative - whether the given song phrase was 'representative' ("Yes" or "No") of a typical phrase for that male (as defined by the modal number of 'cao' and 'vit' components for males)</li></ul><p>All columns (except GroupID, CutFileName and Representative) have been standardised (i.e. centred to the mean and scaled according to the standard deviation).</p>

Supporting information for "Illuminating the nanostructure of diffuse interfaces: Recent advances and future directions in reflectometry techniques"

<p>This deposition contains the data and analysis (Jupyter notebooks) detailed in Illuminating the nanostructure of diffuse interfaces: Recent advances and future directions in reflectometry techniques. All Jupyter notebooks have also been converted into PDF files for ease of viewing.</p><p> </p><p>All data and code (notebooks) required to reproduce the analysis can be found within the "supporting_data_analysis.zip" archive. This archive contains two sub-directories:</p><ul><li>insituAnalysis<ul><li>Jupyter notebook outlining how to perform the `on-the-fly' analysis.</li><li>Data directory containing all temporally sliced neutron reflectometry data.</li></ul></li><li>MaxEnt<ul><li>Jupyter notebook outlining how to perform the maximum entropy modelling approach for polymer volume fraction profiles.</li><li>Data directory containing relevant neutron reflectometry data and PCHIP spline modelling by Gresham et al. (<a href="www.doi.org/10.1107/S160057672100251X">10.1107/S160057672100251X</a>).</li><li>Code available on the <a href="https://github.com/refnx/refnx-models/tree/master/MaxEntVFP">refnx-models GitHub repo</a>.</li></ul></li></ul><p> </p>

Primary NMR Data Supporting the Article "Synthetic approach to 2-alkyl-4-quinolones and 2-alkyl-4-quinolone-3-carboxamides based on common β-keto amide precursors"

<p>This archive contains raw 1H/13C FIDs and associated data in Bruker-specific format that can be viewed with Bruker’s TopSpin or other appropriate NMR processing software. The subfolders are named in accordance with the compound numbering in the associated research paper (Synthetic Approach to 2-Alkyl-4-quinolones and 2-Alkyl-4-quinolone-3-carboxamides Based on Common β-Keto Amide Precursors).</p> <p>Correspondence: angelov@uni-plovdiv.bg</p> <p> </p>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Supporting information for the paper "High peak current lightning and the production of Elves"

<p>Supporting data for the paper "High peak current lightning and the production of Elves" by I. Bjørge-Engeland et al.</p>

Research data supporting: "Machine learning of microscopic structure-dynamics relationships in complex molecular systems"

<p>This repository contains the set of data and the code to reproduce the results shown in "Machine learning of microscopic structure-dynamics relationships in complex molecular systems" published on Machine Learning: Science and Technology (DOI: 10.1088/2632-2153/ad0fa5).</p>

FIG. 7 in A new platyrostrine sperm whale from the Early Miocene of the southeastern Pacific (East Pisco Basin, Peru) supports affinities with the southwestern Atlantic cetacean fauna

FIG. 7. — Cranium of Diaphorocetus poucheti (Moreno, 1892) MLP 5-6 (holotype) in dorsal (A), ventral (B), right lateral (C), and posterior (D) views, illustrating among others some diagnostic characters at the genus and species levels. The figured photos were taken by one of us (CM) in 1981, with a preservation state that is closer to the original illustrations in Lydekker (1893), prior to the separation of the right and left rostral parts and pterygoids/palatines from the neurocranium and with more complete antorbital notches and right orbit. Scale bar: 200 mm.

FIG. 4FIG. 4 in A new platyrostrine sperm whale from the Early Miocene of the southeastern Pacific (East Pisco Basin, Peru) supports affinities with the southwestern Atlantic cetacean fauna

FIG. 4FIG. 4. — Cranium of Diaphorocetus ortegai n. sp. MUSM 3246 (holotype, Chilcatay Formation, East Pisco Basin, Peru) in left (A) and right (B) lateral views. Black dashed lines for sutures, foramina, and outline of several bones and temporal fossa; red dashed line for posterior outline of supracranial basin. Scale bar: 200 mm.

FIG. 1 in A new platyrostrine sperm whale from the Early Miocene of the southeastern Pacific (East Pisco Basin, Peru) supports affinities with the southwestern Atlantic cetacean fauna

FIG. 1. — Geographic and geological setting. A, Location of the main outcrops of the Chilcatay Formation along the southern coast of Peru. B, Simplified map providing the position of Ullujaya (the type locality of Diaphorocetus ortegai n. sp.) alongside other highly fossiliferous sites of the Ica desert (including Zamaca, the type locality of Rhaphicetus valenciae Lambert, Muizon, Urbina & Bianucci, 2020). C, Schematic stratigraphic column of the Cenozoic succession exposed in the East Pisco Basin. D, Simplified stratigraphic section of the Chilcatay Formation in Ullujaya, showing the exact position of the holotype of D. ortegai n. sp. in the Ct1 allomember, Ct1a facies association. E, Simplified stratigraphic section of the Chilcatay Formation in Zamaca, showing the exact position of the holotype of R. valenciae in the Ct1 allomember, Ct1a facies association. Both sections D and E include positions of ash layers dated with 40Ar/39Ar and shell-rich beds dated with 87Sr/86Sr along with the corresponding age estimates (after Bosio et al. 2022). Maps and sections modified from Bianucci et al. (2018b), Di Celma et al. (2018, 2019), Bosio et al. (2020, 2022), and Lambert et al. (2020).

APPENDIX 5 in A new platyrostrine sperm whale from the Early Miocene of the southeastern Pacific (East Pisco Basin, Peru) supports affinities with the southwestern Atlantic cetacean fauna

APPENDIX 5. — Strict consensus of 15 most parsimonious trees resulting from the heuristic search performed with down-weighting of homoplastic characters (k = 3). Tree length 188; Goloboff fit -42.64; CI 0.45; RI 0.68.

FIG. 6 in A new platyrostrine sperm whale from the Early Miocene of the southeastern Pacific (East Pisco Basin, Peru) supports affinities with the southwestern Atlantic cetacean fauna

FIG. 6. — Cranium of Diaphorocetus ortegai n. sp. MUSM 3246 (holotype, Chilcatay Formation, East Pisco Basin, Peru) in right (A) and left (B) anterodorsolateral views. Black dashed lines for sutures, foramina, bony nares, and outline of several bones. Scale bar: 200 mm.

FIG. 3 in A new platyrostrine sperm whale from the Early Miocene of the southeastern Pacific (East Pisco Basin, Peru) supports affinities with the southwestern Atlantic cetacean fauna

FIG. 3. — Cranium of Diaphorocetus ortegai n. sp. MUSM 3246 (holotype, Chilcatay Formation, East Pisco Basin, Peru) in ventral view; photo and corresponding line drawing. Hatching for main break surfaces; black dashed lines for more tentative interpretations of sutures and edges. ali: alisphenoid. Scale bar: 200 mm.

FIG. 9 in A new platyrostrine sperm whale from the Early Miocene of the southeastern Pacific (East Pisco Basin, Peru) supports affinities with the southwestern Atlantic cetacean fauna

FIG. 9. — Comparison of the crania of Diaphorocetus ortegai n. sp. MUSM 3246 (holotype) (a, c) and Rhaphicetus valenciae Lambert, Muizon, Urbina & Bianucci, 2020 MUSM 2543 (holotype) (B, D), both from the Chilcatay Formation (East Pisco Basin, Peru), in dorsal (A, B) and right lateral (C, D) views, based on 3D models resulting from surface-scanning (see Appendices 1; 2), illustrating the difference in the cross-section of the maxillae on the rostrum (much more dorsoventrally flattened in D. ortegai n. sp.). Note that most of the premaxillae is lost on the rostrum of the holotype of D. ortegai n. sp., truncating the dorsal part of the anterior cross-sections. Scale bar: 200 mm.

FIG. 2 in A new platyrostrine sperm whale from the Early Miocene of the southeastern Pacific (East Pisco Basin, Peru) supports affinities with the southwestern Atlantic cetacean fauna

FIG. 2. — Cranium of Diaphorocetus ortegai n. sp. MUSM 3246 (holotype, Chilcatay Formation, East Pisco Basin, Peru) in dorsal view; photo and corresponding line drawing. Grey shading for sediment; hatching for main break surfaces; black dashed lines for more tentative interpretations of sutures and edges; and red dashed lines for posterior and lateral outlines of supracranial basin. Scale bar: 200 mm.

FIG. 5 in A new platyrostrine sperm whale from the Early Miocene of the southeastern Pacific (East Pisco Basin, Peru) supports affinities with the southwestern Atlantic cetacean fauna

FIG. 5. — Cranium of Diaphorocetus ortegai n. sp. MUSM 3246 (holotype, Chilcatay Formation, East Pisco Basin, Peru) in anterodorsal view (A) (photo and corresponding line drawing) and posterior view (B). Grey shading for sediment; hatching for main break surfaces; black dashed lines for more tentative interpretations of sutures and edges; red dashed lines for posterior outline of supracranial basin and outline of brain cavity. Scale bars: 200 mm.