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Fig. 1 in Hymenopteran parasitoids associated with scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in tropical fruit trees in the eastern Amazon, Brazil
Fig. 1. Interactions between species of scale insects and parasitoids with the total number of interactions with each species of host plant (Jun 2014 to Aug 2015) at Maranhão Island, Maranhão, Brazil.
FIGURE 5 in Two New Species of Nudibranch Mollusks from the Tropical Eastern Pacific of Mexico
FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs, Rostanga pulchra MacFarland, 1905, CASIZ 097525, Punta Vicente Roca, Galápagos Islands. A. Jaw. B. Jaw rodlets. C. Entire radula. D. Inner and middle lateral teeth and rachis. E. Inner lateral teeth. F. First and second lateral teeth. G. Outer lateral teeth. H. Outer lateral tooth apices.
FIGURE 2 in Two New Species of Nudibranch Mollusks from the Tropical Eastern Pacific of Mexico
FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs, Rostanga ghiselini sp. nov., holotype, CASIZ 220373. A. Caryophyllidia. B. Jaw rodlets. C. Entire radula. D. Inner lateral teeth and rachis. E. First and second lateral teeth. F. Middle lateral teeth. G. Elongate middle to outer lateral teeth. H. Outer lateral teeth.
FIGURE 4. Reproductive anatomy. A in Two New Species of Nudibranch Mollusks from the Tropical Eastern Pacific of Mexico
FIGURE 4. Reproductive anatomy. A. Rostanga ghiselini sp. nov., holotype, CASIZ 220373. B. Tenellia ivetteae sp. nov., paratype, CASIZ 222482. abbreviations: al-albumen gland, am ampulla, bc-bursa copulatrix, ej-ejaculatory portion of vas deferens, fg-female gland mass, me-membrane gland, mu-mucous gland, p-penis, pg-penial gland, pr-prostatic portion of vas deferens, rs-receptaculum seminis, st-penial stylet, v-vagina, vd-vas deferens, vg-vestibular gland. Scale = 1 mm.
FIGURE 1. Living animals. A in Two New Species of Nudibranch Mollusks from the Tropical Eastern Pacific of Mexico
FIGURE 1. Living animals. A. Rostanga ghiselini sp. nov., specimen from Punta Gringa, Bahía de los Angeles, 14 March 1992, photo by Hans Bertsch. B. Rostanga ghiselini sp. nov., holotype specimen from Punta Gringa, Bahia de los Angeles, 25 March 2017, photo by Craig Hoover. C. Tenellia ivetteae sp. nov., holotype, CASIZ 220143 (upper animal) and paratype, CASIZ (lower animal), from Punta Gringa, Bahia de los Angeles, 30 June 1992, photo by Hans Bertsch.
FIGURE 6 in Two New Species of Nudibranch Mollusks from the Tropical Eastern Pacific of Mexico
FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs, Tenellia ivetteae sp. nov. A, C-G. paratype, CASIZ 222482. B. Specimen from Bahia de los Ángeles, 30 June, 1987. A. Entire jaw. B. Radular teeth, dorsal view. C. Masticatory border of jaw showing arrangement of denticles. D. Dorsal view of radular teeth. E. Lateral view of radular teeth. F. Apex of penis showing stylet. G. Detail of stylet.
FIGURE 3 in Two New Species of Nudibranch Mollusks from the Tropical Eastern Pacific of Mexico
FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Rostanga ghiselini sp. nov. A. Holotype, CASIZ 220373, detail of outer lateral teeth. B–D. Specimen from Punta Gringa, Bahía de los Angeles, 14 March 1992. B. Inner and middle lateral teeth. C. First and second lateral teeth. D. Elongate middle to outer lateral teeth.
FIGURE 2. Shells. A in Three New Species of Aglajid Cephalaspidean Mollusks from the Tropical Indo-Pacific of the Verde Island Passage
FIGURE 2. Shells. A. Philinopsis buntot. sp. nov., paratype, CASIZ 185942, Tingloy, Philippines. B. Philinopsis aliciae sp. nov., holotype, PNM 41061, Mabini, Philippines. C. Chelidonura alexisi sp. nov., holotype, PNM 41062, Mabini, Philippines.
FIGURE 1. Living animals A–B in Three New Species of Aglajid Cephalaspidean Mollusks from the Tropical Indo-Pacific of the Verde Island Passage
FIGURE 1. Living animals A–B. Philinopsis aliciae sp. nov., holotype, PNM 41061, Mabini, Philippines. C. Philinopsis buntot sp. nov., holotype, PNM 41060, Mabini, Philippines, ventral view showing markings on foot. D. Philinopsis buntotparatype, CASIZ 185942, Tingloy, Philippines. E. Chelidonura alexisi sp. nov., holotype, PNM 41062, Mabini, Philippines.
FIGURE 7 in Three New Species of Aglajid Cephalaspidean Mollusks from the Tropical Indo-Pacific of the Verde Island Passage
FIGURE 7. Bayesian maximum credibility tree showing all taxa included for the analysis of the combined H3, 16S, and COI sequence alignments (after Camacho et al. 2014). Posterior probabilities areindicated above each branch (for the analysis without COI third positions on the left, and for the analysis with COI third positions on the right) and bootstrap values areindicated below each branch. Branch lengths are also shown here indicating the proportion of substitutions. Species names are color-coded according to their range, blue forIndo-Pacific, red for Atlantic and green for Eastern Pacific. The phylogenetic positions of Philinopsis buntot sp. nov. and Chelidonura alexisi sp. nov. are indicated by arrows on the tree.
Data from: Why there are so many structurally coloured bird species in the tropics?
<p>Several ecogeographical "rules" have been proposed to explain colour variation at broad spatial and phylogenetic scales, but these rarely consider whether colours are based on pigments or structural colours. However, mechanism can have profound effects on the function and evolution of colours. Here, we combine geographic information, climate data, and colour mechanism at broad phylogenetic (9409 species) and spatial scales (global) to determine how transitions between pigmentary and structural colours influence speciation dynamics and range distributions in birds. Among structurally coloured species, we find that rapid dispersal into tropical regions drove the accumulation of iridescent species, whereas the build-up of non-iridescent species in the tropics was driven by a combination of dispersal and faster <em>in situ</em> evolution in the tropics. These results could be explained by pleiotropic links between colouration and dispersal behaviour, or ecological factors influencing colonisation success. These data elucidate geographic patterns of colouration at a global scale and provide testable hypotheses for future work on birds and other animals with structural colours.</p>
Fig 1 in Colossoma macropomum (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae) adapted to new climate regime: differential gene expression from farmed tambaqui juveniles raised in subtropical and tropical regions
Fig 1: Relative gene expression in tambaqui juveniles farmed in two Brazilian regions: Northern (Balbina; BA) and Southeast (Brumado; BRU). Different letters represent statistical differences between populations. The graphs show expression of A) hif-1α (p = 0.137), B) hsp-70 (p = 0.465), C) mstn (p = 0.907), D) ube3a (p = 0.205), E) ras (p = 0.041), F) cry-1 (p = 0.001), G) per-1 (p = 0.001), H) ogt (p = 0.001) and I) acly (p = 0.025).
Fig 3 in Colossoma macropomum (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae) adapted to new climate regime: differential gene expression from farmed tambaqui juveniles raised in subtropical and tropical regions
Fig 3: IBR analyses of relative gene expression in Balbina (BA) and Brumado (BRU) populations. The IBR values are 42.7 (Balbina) and 6.79 (Brumado).
Fig 2 in Colossoma macropomum (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae) adapted to new climate regime: differential gene expression from farmed tambaqui juveniles raised in subtropical and tropical regions
Fig 2: Heatmap of relative expression in Balbina (BA) and Brumado (BRU) populations. The colour scale ranges from blue (low transcript levels) to red (high transcript levels).
Figure 1 in A low number of introduced marine species in the tropics: a case study from Singapore
Figure 1. Map of Singapore showing localities mentioned in the text and the amount of land reclaimed since 1950.
FIG. 14 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies
FIG. 14. Cnidae of Actinostella flosculifera (Le Sueur, 1817). A, C, E, H, I, K, L, M, basitrichs; B, spirocysts; F, N, basitrichs S; D, G, J, P, p-mastigophore A; O, b-mastigophore; Q, p-mastigophore B1.
FIG. 8 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies
FIG. 8. Internal anatomy of Actinostella californica (McMurrich, 1893). A, longitudinal section of the distal column showing distal verrucae (v), vesicles (ve) in the marginal ruff, marginal sphincter muscle (s), and the fosse; B, cross section at the actinopharynx level showing cycles of mesenteries and siphonoglyphs (si); numbers between pairs of mesenteries indicate the corresponding cycle; C, detail of the endodermal marginal sphincter muscle; D, cross section of a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles; E, detail of developing oocytes (o); F, detail of a cross section showing the retractor (r) and parietobasilar (p) muscles; G, cross section of proximal end showing the basilar muscles (r). Abbreviations: b, basilar muscles; ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; o, oocytes; p, parietobasilar muscle; r, retractor muscle; s, sphincter; si, siphonoglyph; t, tentacle; v, verrucae; ve, vesicles. Scale bars: A, B, F, 0.5 mm; C–E, G, 0.1 mm.
FIG. 11 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies
FIG. 11. Internal anatomy of Actinostella digitata (McMurrich, 1893). A, longitudinal section of the distal column showing distal vesicles (ve) in the marginal ruff, marginal sphincter muscle (s), and the fosse; B, cross section proximal to the actinopharynx level showing cycles of mesenteries, and the siphonoglyph (si); numbers between pairs of mesenteries indicate the corresponding cycle; C, detail of verrucae (v) in distal column; D, cross section of a tentacle showing ectodermal longitudinal muscles; E, detail of developing spermatic cysts (sc); F, detail of a cross section showing the retractor (r) and parietobasilar (p) muscles; G, cross section of proximal end showing weak basilar muscles (b). Abbreviations: b, basilar muscles; ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; sc, spermatic cysts; p, parietobasilar muscle; r, retractor muscle; s, sphincter; si, siphonoglyph; t, tentacle; v, verrucae; ve, vesicles. Scale bars: A, F, 5mm; B–E, G, 1 mm.
FIG. 5 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies
FIG. 5. External and internal anatomy of the holotype of Asteractis bradleyi Verrill, 1869 (YPM-1009) (= Actinostella bradleyi). A, lateral view of holotype, showing the marginal ruff; B, oral view of holotype; C, detail of the pedal disc of holotype; D, longitudinal section of the distal column showing distal verrucae (v), vesicles (ve) in the marginal ruff, marginal sphincter muscle (s), and the fosse; E, detail of the endodermal marginal sphincter muscle; F, detail of the verrucae in the distal column; G, cross section at the actinopharynx level showing the directive mesenteries, retractor muscle (r), and siphonoglyphs (si); H, detail of a pair of mesenteries of the third cycle showing the parietobasilar muscle (p); I, longitudinal section of proximal end showing basilar muscles (b). Abbreviations: b, basilar muscle; f, marginal ruff; p, parietobasilar muscle; r, retractor muscle; s, sphincter; si, siphonoglyphs; v, verrucae; ve, vesicle. Scale bars: A–C, 5 mm; D–I, 0.5 mm.
FIG. 3 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies
FIG. 3. Internal anatomy of Actinostella bradleyi (Verrill, 1869). A, longitudinal section of the distal column showing distal verrucae (v), vesicles (ve) in the marginal ruff, marginal sphincter muscle (s), and the fosse; B, cross section at the actinopharynx level showing four cycles of mesenteries; numbers between pairs of mesenteries indicate the corresponding cycle; C, detail of the endodermal marginal sphincter muscle; D, cross section of a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles; E, detail of developing spermatic cysts (sc); F, detail of developing oocytes (o); G, detail of a cross section showing the retractor (r) and parietobasilar (p) muscles; H, cross section of proximal end showing the basilar muscles (b). Abbreviations: b, basilar muscles; ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; o, oocytes; p, parietobasilar muscle; r, retractor muscle; s, sphincter; sc, spermatic cysts; t, tentacle; v, verrucae; ve, vesicles. Scale bars: A, B, G, H, 0.5 mm; C–F, 0.1 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.