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Рис. 1. Карта-схема р. Амазар. Цифрами обозначены: I — места Αобычи россыпного зоΛота; II — участки иссΛеΑования в 2018–2019 гг.: 1 — реки Амазар и БоΛьшая Чичатка в районе пгт. Амазар, 2 — воΑохраниΛище, 3 — р. Крестовая, 4 — р. Амазар в нижнем течении Fig. 1. Schematic map of the Amazar River. Legend: I — placer gold mining areas; II — survey areas in 2018–2019: 1 — the Amazar and the Bolshaya Chichatka Rivers in the area of Amazar urban-type settlement, 2 — water storage reservoir, 3 — the Krestovaya River, 4 — the lower reaches of the Amazar River in Dynamics and current status of the Amazar River ichthyofauna after the construction of the PPM «Polyarnaya» hydroelectric complex

Рис. 1. Карта-схема р. Амазар. Цифрами обозначены: I — места Αобычи россыпного зоΛота; II — участки иссΛеΑования в 2018–2019 гг.: 1 — реки Амазар и БоΛьшая Чичатка в районе пгт. Амазар, 2 — воΑохраниΛище, 3 — р. Крестовая, 4 — р. Амазар в нижнем течении Fig. 1. Schematic map of the Amazar River. Legend: I — placer gold mining areas; II — survey areas in 2018–2019: 1 — the Amazar and the Bolshaya Chichatka Rivers in the area of Amazar urban-type settlement, 2 — water storage reservoir, 3 — the Krestovaya River, 4 — the lower reaches of the Amazar River

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Are urbanization and brood parasitism associated with differences in telomere lengths in song sparrows?

<p>Urbanization reflects a major form of environmental change impacting wild birds globally. Whereas urban habitats may provide increased availability of water, some food items, and reduced predation levels compared to rural, they can also present novel stressors including increased light at night, ambient noise, and reduced nutrient availability. Urbanization can also alter levels of brood parasitism, with some host species experiencing elevated levels of brood parasitism in urban areas compared to rural areas. Though the demographic and behavioral consequences of urbanization and brood parasitism have received considerable attention, their consequences for cellular-level processes are less understood. Telomeres provide an opportunity to understand the cellular consequences of different environments as they are a well-established metric of biological state that can be associated with residual lifespan, disease risk, and behaviour, and are known to be sensitive to environmental conditions. Here we examine the relationships between urbanization, brood parasitism, and blood telomere lengths in adult and nestling song sparrows (Melospiza melodia). Song sparrows are a North American songbird found in both urban and rural habitats that experience high rates of brood parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) in the urban, but not the rural, sites in our study system. Among adults and nestlings from non-parasitized nests, we found no differences in relative telomere lengths between urban and rural habitats. However, among urban nestlings, the presence of a brood parasite in the nest was associated with significantly shorter relative telomere lengths compared to when a brood parasite was absent. Our results suggest a novel, indirect, impact of urbanization on nestling songbirds through the physiological impacts of brood parasitism.</p>

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opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Fig. 1 in Living with the enemy: activity rhythms of the red fox Vulpes vulpes (Carnivora, Canidae) and some potential preys in an urban environment

Fig. 1 - Satellite view of the municipal area of Padua and location of the camera traps. / Immagine satellitare del territorio comunale di Padova e posizione delle trappole fotografiche (Image/Immagine: Google Satellite).

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Fig. 2 in Living with the enemy: activity rhythms of the red fox Vulpes vulpes (Carnivora, Canidae) and some potential preys in an urban environment

Fig. 2 - Temporal activity overlap between the red fox and its potential preys. The shaded area under the two density estimates represents the overlap coefficient. / Sovrapposizione dell'attività temporale tra la volpe rossa e le sue potenziali prede. L'area ombreggiata sotto le due stime di densità rappresenta il coefficiente di sovrapposizione.

Fig. 11. A–L in Urban and Peri-urban small and medium-size Enterprise Development for sustainable Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems

Fig. 11. A–L. Mamatia retracta (Popov). A. Dorsal valve RM Br133828, exterior, × 40. B. Dorsal valve RM Br133829, interior, × 50. C. Ventral valve RM Br133830, exterior, × 32. D. Dorsal valve RM Br133831, interior, × 27. E, H, I, K. Ventral valve RM Br133832, exterior (E, × 75), oblique posterior view (H, × 40), oblique lateral view (I, × 75), detail of larval shell (K, × 162). F. Ventral valve RM Br133833, oblique lateral view, 62. G, J. Ventral valve RM Br133834, interior (G, × 45) and detail of apical process (J, × 195). L. Ventral valve RM Br133835, detail of larval shell, × 150. All specimens from the Tremadoc chalcedonites, Wysoczki.

Fig. 6. A–N in Urban and Peri-urban small and medium-size Enterprise Development for sustainable Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems

Fig. 6. A–N. Siphonotretella popovi sp. nov. A, N. Dorsal valve RM Br133791, exterior (A, × 26), detail of spines (N, × 100). B. Dorsal valve RM Br133792, exterior, × 32. C. Holotype, ventral valve RM Br133793, exterior, × 26. D, G, L. Dorsal valve RM Br133794, oblique posterior view (D, × 30), exterior (G, × 30), detail of larval shell (L, × 80). E, J. Dorsal valve RM Br133795, exterior (E, × 40) and detail of larval shell (J, × 120). F, H, I, K. Ventral valve RM Br133796, oblique lateral view (F, × 26), oblique posterior view (H, × 32), detail of larval shell and pedicle opening (I, × 80), detail of larval shell and pedicle opening (K, × 90). M. Dorsal valve RM Br133797, interior, × 40. O. Ventral valve RM Br133798, interior, × 23. All specimens from the Tremadoc chalcedonites, Wysoczki.

Fig. 8. A–Q. Semitreta maior Biernat. A in Urban and Peri-urban small and medium-size Enterprise Development for sustainable Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems

Fig. 8. A–Q. Semitreta maior Biernat. A. Dorsal valve RM Br133807, × 30. B. Dorsal valve RM Br133808, interior, × 40. C, G. Ventral valve RM Br133809, exterior (C, × 13) and oblique lateral view (G, × 13). D, L. Dorsal valve RM Br133812, oblique lateral view (D, × 50), detail of larval shell (L, × 195). E. Dorsal valve RM Br133810, exterior, × 30. F, Q. Ventral valve RM Br133811, oblique lateral view (F, × 75), detail of larval shell (Q, × 195). H. Dorsal valve RM Br133814, oblique lateral view, × 40. I. Dorsal valve RM Br133813, oblique lateral view, × 50). J, K, P, O. Dorsal valve RM Br133815, dorsal interior (J, × 25), oblique lateral view (K, × 50), detail of pseudointerarea (P, 100), detail of pseudointerarea (O, × 60). M, N. Ventral valve RM Br133816, oblique lateral view (M, 32), oblique posterior view (N, × 45). All specimens from the Tremadoc chalcedonites, Wysoczki.

Fig. 4. A–L in Urban and Peri-urban small and medium-size Enterprise Development for sustainable Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems

Fig. 4. A–L. Siphonobolus uralensis (Lermontova). A, G. Dorsal valve RM Br133779, interior (A, × 15) and oblique lateral view (G, × 23). B. Ventral valve RM Br133780, exterior, × 19. C, D, L. Ventral valve RM Br133781, oblique lateral view of exterior (C, × 33), posterior view (D, × 36) and detail of pedicle opening (L, × 80). E, H, J. Ventral valve RM Br133782, oblique lateral view of interior (E, × 28), detail of posterior margin (H, × 100) and detail of pedicle tube (J, × 70). F. Dorsal valve RM Br133783, oblique lateral view of exterior, × 26. I. Dorsal valve RM Br133784, oblique lateral view of interior, × 37. K. Ventral valve RM Br133785, detail of pedicle tube, × 55. All specimens from the Tremadoc chalcedonites, Wysoczki.

Fig. 2. A–K in Urban and Peri-urban small and medium-size Enterprise Development for sustainable Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems

Fig. 2. A–K. Elliptoglossa polonica sp. nov. A, H. Dorsal valve RM Br133767, exterior (A, × 45) and oblique lateral view (H, × 45). B, G. Dorsal valve RM Br133768, interior (B, × 32) and oblique lateral view (G, × 40). C. Holotype, ventral valve RM Br133769, exterior, × 45. D. Ventral valve RM Br133770, interior, × 45. E, F, I. Ventral valve RM Br133771, exterior (E, × 38), oblique lateral view (F, × 40) and detail of larval shell (I, × 135). J. Ventral valve RM Br133772, detail of pseudointerarea, × 400. K. Dorsal valve RM Br133773, oblique lateral view of umbonal section of interior, × 100. All specimens from the Tremadoc chalcedonites, Wysoczki.

Fig. 9. A–F in Urban and Peri-urban small and medium-size Enterprise Development for sustainable Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems

Fig. 9. A–F.?Ditreta dividua Biernat. A, D. Dorsal valve RM Br133817, interior (A, × 36), detail of pseudointerarea (D, × 80). B, C, E, F. Ventral valve RM Br133818, oblique lateral view (B, × 32), exterior (C, × 30), oblique posterior view (E, × 30), detail of larval shell (F, × 165). All specimens from the Tremadoc chalcedonites, Wysoczki.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2021View details →

Fig. 2 in Not only pond sliders: freshwater turtles in the water bodies of the Milan northern urban area (Italy)

Fig. 2 - Distribution maps of the species found in the study area. Circled letters: species records; when the position is approximated, the circle is dashed. P. subrufa records are omitted because the species was recovered far from the wetlands; also T. scripta is not shown, because the species was excluded from the study. Letters indicate the wetlands as in Fig. 1 (modified from https://d-maps.com/ and GeoPortale Regione Lombardia). / Mappa di distribuzione delle specie rinvenute nell'area di studio. Lettera cerchiata: specie presente; quando la posizione è approssimativa, il cerchio è tratteggiato. Il dato per P. subrufa è omesso in quanto la specie è stata rinvenuta lontano dalle zone umide; la distribuzione di T. scripta non è indicata poiché la specie non è oggetto del presente studio. Le aree umide sono indicate da lettere secondo la nomenclatura usata in Fig. 1 (modificato da https://d-maps.com/ e GeoPortale Regione Lombardia).

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2021View details →

Fig. 1 in Not only pond sliders: freshwater turtles in the water bodies of the Milan northern urban area (Italy)

Fig. 1 - Study area (Lombardy region, Northern Italy). Letters indicate each studied wetland (modified from www.d-maps.com and GeoPortale Regione Lombardia). / Area di studio (Lombardia, Italia Settentrionale). Ogni lettera identifica un'area umida indagata (modificato da https://d-maps.com/ e GeoPortale Regione Lombardia).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Рис. 1. А — рыжеухий бюΛьбюΛь на боярышнике, с. Δазо, Приморский край, 5.11.2019. Фото В. П. Шохрина; B — рыжеухий бюΛьбюΛь пьет сок кΛена приречного, с. Каймановка, Уссурийский гороΑской округ, Приморский край, 03.04.2022. Фото À. А. БеΛяева; C — рыжеухий бюΛьбюΛь кормится ягоΑами Αевичьего винограΑа пятиΛисточкового, г. ВΛаΑивосток, 02.01.2020. Фото А. П. ХоΑакова; D — рыжеухий бюΛьбюΛь, кΛ. ФореΛевый, окрестности с. ФиΛипповка, Хасанский район, Приморский край, 01.03.2018. Фото Ю. А. Àармана; E — рыжеухий бюΛьбюΛь кормится ягоΑами бархата амурского, г. ВΛа- Αивосток, 06.11.2019. Фото А. В. ВяΛкова; F — рыжеухий бюΛьбюΛь, с. Каймановка, Уссурийский гороΑской округ, Приморский край, 04.05.2022. Фото М. В. МасΛова Fig. 1. A — brown-eared bulbul on a hawthorn tree, Lazo village, Primorsky Region, 5.11.2019. Photo by V. P. Shokhrin; B — brown-eared bulbul drinks the juice of an Amur maple, Kaymanovka Village, Ussuriysky Urban District, Primorsky Region, 03.04.2022. Photo by D. A. Belyaev; C — brown-eared bulbul feeds on the berries of the Virginia creeper, Vladivostok, 02.01.2020. Photo by A. P. Khodakov; D — brown-eared bulbul. Forelevy spring, vicinity of Filippovka Village, Khasansky District, Primorsky Region, 01.03.2018. Photo by Yu. A. Darman; E — brown-eared bulbul feeds on the berries of an Amur cork tree, Vladivostok, 06.11.2019. Photo by A. V. Vyalkov; F — brown-eared bulbul. Kaymanovka Village, Ussuriysky Urban District, Primorsky Region, 04.05.2022. Photo by M. V. Maslov in An increase in the number of records of the brown-eared bulbul Microscelis amaurotis in the Russian Far East in recent years

Рис. 1. А — рыжеухий бюΛьбюΛь на боярышнике, с. Δазо, Приморский край, 5.11.2019. Фото В. П. Шохрина; B — рыжеухий бюΛьбюΛь пьет сок кΛена приречного, с. Каймановка, Уссурийский гороΑской округ, Приморский край, 03.04.2022. Фото À. А. БеΛяева; C — рыжеухий бюΛьбюΛь кормится ягоΑами Αевичьего винограΑа пятиΛисточкового, г. ВΛаΑивосток, 02.01.2020. Фото А. П. ХоΑакова; D — рыжеухий бюΛьбюΛь, кΛ. ФореΛевый, окрестности с. ФиΛипповка, Хасанский район, Приморский край, 01.03.2018. Фото Ю. А. Àармана; E — рыжеухий бюΛьбюΛь кормится ягоΑами бархата амурского, г. ВΛа- Αивосток, 06.11.2019. Фото А. В. ВяΛкова; F — рыжеухий бюΛьбюΛь, с. Каймановка, Уссурийский гороΑской округ, Приморский край, 04.05.2022. Фото М. В. МасΛова Fig. 1. A — brown-eared bulbul on a hawthorn tree, Lazo village, Primorsky Region, 5.11.2019. Photo by V. P. Shokhrin; B — brown-eared bulbul drinks the juice of an Amur maple, Kaymanovka Village, Ussuriysky Urban District, Primorsky Region, 03.04.2022. Photo by D. A. Belyaev; C — brown-eared bulbul feeds on the berries of the Virginia creeper, Vladivostok, 02.01.2020. Photo by A. P. Khodakov; D — brown-eared bulbul. Forelevy spring, vicinity of Filippovka Village, Khasansky District, Primorsky Region, 01.03.2018. Photo by Yu. A. Darman; E — brown-eared bulbul feeds on the berries of an Amur cork tree, Vladivostok, 06.11.2019. Photo by A. V. Vyalkov; F — brown-eared bulbul. Kaymanovka Village, Ussuriysky Urban District, Primorsky Region, 04.05.2022. Photo by M. V. Maslov

Fig. 7 in Lesions associated with Eucoleus sp. in the non-glandular stomach of wild urban rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Fig. 7. Spatial distribution of Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) infected with Eucoleus sp. and/or with associated stomach pathology in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver, Canada. There are no clusters of affected rats.

Fig. 6 in Lesions associated with Eucoleus sp. in the non-glandular stomach of wild urban rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Fig. 6. Eucoleus sp. egg collected from a female worm embedded in the non-glandular stomach mucosa of a wild, Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus). (A) Photomicrogaph of an egg taken with correct focus (B) Photomicrogaph of the same egg as in A, but taken in an elevated focus targeting the egg shell. Note the dense network of anastomosing ridges.

Fig. 4 in Lesions associated with Eucoleus sp. in the non-glandular stomach of wild urban rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Fig. 4. Female Eucoleus sp. embedded in the mucosa of non-glandular stomach of a wild, Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus). Black arrows point to the meandering nematode. Red arrows points to eggs in uterus. Blue lines indicate the width (~60 µm) of the nematode at various positions. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

Fig. 5 in Lesions associated with Eucoleus sp. in the non-glandular stomach of wild urban rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Fig. 5. Tail of a male Eucoleus sp. collected from the non-glandular stomach mucosa of a wild, Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus). Note the slender long moderately sclerotized spicule (black arrow) with cuticular spine covered spicular sheath (red arrow). Blue arrow points to posteriorly directed two minute lobes of the rudimentary pseudo bursa. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

Fig. 2 in Lesions associated with Eucoleus sp. in the non-glandular stomach of wild urban rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Fig. 2. Cross-sections of Eucoleus sp. adults (arrows) and eggs (arrowheads) within the keratin and superficial mucosa of the esophagus in a wild Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus). Scale bar = 100 µm.

Fig. 3 in Lesions associated with Eucoleus sp. in the non-glandular stomach of wild urban rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Fig. 3. Eucoleus sp. eggs (arrow) embedded within hyperkeratosis (A) in the nonglandular stomach of a wild, Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus). There is mucosal hyperplasia (B) and subcutaneous granulocytic inflammation (‡). Scale bar = 100 µm.

Fig. 1 in Lesions associated with Eucoleus sp. in the non-glandular stomach of wild urban rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Fig. 1. Squamous papilloma (arrow) arising from the non-glandular stomach of a wild Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) from Vancouver, Canada. Asterisk (‡) indicates the unaffected glandular stomach. Scale bar = 1 cm.