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Figures 1-11. Panthea adults 1. P in Revision of the New World Panthea Hübner (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) with descriptions of 5 new species and 2 new subspecies
Figures 1-11. Panthea adults 1. P. apanthea ♁ holotype, White Mountains, AZ, USA; 2. P. apanthea ♀, Coconino Co., AZ, USA; 3. P. reducta ♁ holotype, Pedemales N.P., DR; 4. P. judyae ♁, Grant Co., NM, USA; 5. P. judyae ♀, Cochise Co., AZ, USA; 6. P. gigantea ♁ neotype, Larimer Co., CO, USA; 7. P. gigantea ♀,Grant Co., NM, USA; 8. P. gigantea ♁, Durango, MEX; 9. P. gigantea ♀, Chihuahua, MEX; 10. P. guatemala ♁ holotype, San Lorenzo, GUA; 11. P. guatemala ♀, Oaxaca, MEX.
FIGURES 58–66. P in Three new species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil, with updated key to males and taxonomic notes on the female genitalia
FIGURES 58–66. P. (V.) recurva sp. nov., female terminalia. 58, apical portion of abdomen, ventral view. 59, pygofer and ovipositor, lateral view. 60, first valvifer and first valvula, lateral view. 61, enlarged view of dorsal sculpturing. 62, apical portion of first valvula. 63, second valvula, lateral view. 64, apical portion of second valvula. 65, second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view. 66, apical portion of gonoplac. Scale bars in mm.
FIGURES 45–57. P in Three new species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil, with updated key to males and taxonomic notes on the female genitalia
FIGURES 45–57. P. (V.) recurva sp. nov., holotype male. 45, head and thorax, dorsal view. 46, head, ventral view. 47, head and thorax, lateral view. 48, forewing. 49, sternite VIII, ventral view. 50, valve, ventral view. 51, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view. 52, apex of pygofer, ventral view. 53, subgenital plate, ventral view. 54, style and connective, dorsal view. 55, style, lateral view. 56, aedeagus, lateral view. 57, aedeagus posterior view. Scale bars in mm.
FIGURES 1–13. P in Three new species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil, with updated key to males and taxonomic notes on the female genitalia
FIGURES 1–13. P. (V.) agualimpa sp. nov., holotype male. 1, head and thorax, dorsal view. 2, head, ventral view. 3, head and thorax, lateral view. 4, forewing. 5, sternite VIII, ventral view. 6, valve, ventral view. 7, pygofer, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view. 8, apex of pygofer, ventral view. 9, subgenital plate, ventral view. 10, style and connective, dorsal view. 11, style, lateral view. 12, aedeagus, lateral view. 13, aedeagus posterior view. Scale bars in mm.
FIGURES 36–44. P in Three new species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil, with updated key to males and taxonomic notes on the female genitalia
FIGURES 36–44. P. (V.) feitosai sp. nov., female terminalia. 36, apical portion of abdomen, ventral view. 37, pygofer and ovipositor, lateral view. 38, first valvifer and first valvula, lateral view. 39, enlarged view of dorsal sculpturing. 40, apical portion of first valvula. 41, second valvula, lateral view. 42, apical portion of second valvula. 43, second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view. 44, apical portion of gonoplac. Scale bars in mm.
FIGURES 14–22. P in Three new species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil, with updated key to males and taxonomic notes on the female genitalia
FIGURES 14–22. P. (V.) agualimpa sp. nov., female terminalia. 14, apical portion of abdomen, ventral view. 15, pygofer and ovipositor, lateral view. 16, first valvifer and first valvula, lateral view. 17, enlarged view of dorsal sculpturing. 18, apical portion of first valvula. 19, second valvula, lateral view. 20, apical portion of second valvula. 21, second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view. 22, apical portion of gonoplac. Scale bars in mm.
FIGURES 33–41 in New or rare Madagascar tiger beetles-19. Description of Pogonostoma (Pogonostoma) natsuae sp. nov. and elaborated redescription of P. (M.) meridionale Fleutiaux (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae)
FIGURES 33–41. Pogonostoma (P.) meridionale Fleutiaux. 33— habitus, ♂, "Fort Dauphin" = Tolagnaro, LT (MNHN); 34—galea and lacinia, ♂, Behara, (CCJM); 35—head, ♂, Tolagnaro (CCJM); 36–37—mandibles: 36—♂, Ampasimpolaka (MNHN); 37—♀, Bekily (CCJM ex APCA); 38–41—labrum: 38—♂, LT; 39—♂, Tolagnaro (CCJM); 40—♀, "Fort Dau- phin" (MNHN); 41—♀, Bekily (CCJM). Bars = 1 mm.
FIGURES 19–32 in New or rare Madagascar tiger beetles-19. Description of Pogonostoma (Pogonostoma) natsuae sp. nov. and elaborated redescription of P. (M.) meridionale Fleutiaux (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae)
FIGURES 19–32. two species of Pogonostoma, male aedeagus or its apex. 19–26— Pogonostoma (P.) natsuae sp. nov. from type locality: 19–21—HT (OSAKA); 22–24—PT (CCJM); 25–26—PT (ZUAC) (19, 22, 25—lateral view; 20, 23, 26— ventral view; 21, 24—dorsal view). 27–32—Pogonostoma (P.) meridionale Fleutiaux: 27—"Fort Dauphin", LT (MNHN); 28— Bekily (CCJM ex APCA); 29—ditto, ventral view; 30—"Madagascar" (MFNB); 31—ditto, dorsal view; 32— Behara (CCJM ex APCA), ventral view. Bars = 1 mm.
FIGURES 1–4. Paramathes spp., adults. 1, P in Paramathes evdomo, a new species from Sichuan, southwestern China (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae)
FIGURES 1–4. Paramathes spp., adults. 1, P. evdomo sp. n., holotype male, China, NW Sichuan (PGM); 2, P. evdomo sp. n., paratype male, China, NW Sichuan (AFM); 3, P. daochengi, holotype male, W Sichuan (PGM); 4, P. xestioides, holotype male, N Sichuan (PGM).
FIGURES 14–15 in Contribution to the genus Plutomurus Yosii (Collembola, Tomoceridae): notes on the morphology of Plutomurus carpaticus Rusek & Weiner and P. unidentatus (Börner)
FIGURES 14–15. Plutomurus unidentatus (Börner, 1901). 14. Macrochaetae complex on Abd. IV (bar: 40 μm); 15. Macro- chaetae complex on Abd. V (bar: 40 μm).
FIGURES 10–11 in Contribution to the genus Plutomurus Yosii (Collembola, Tomoceridae): notes on the morphology of Plutomurus carpaticus Rusek & Weiner and P. unidentatus (Börner)
FIGURES 10–11. Plutomurus unidentatus (Börner, 1901). 10. Macrochaetae complex on Th. III (bar: 40 μm); 11. Macrochae- tae complex on Abd. I (bar: 40 μm).
FIGURES 8–9 in Contribution to the genus Plutomurus Yosii (Collembola, Tomoceridae): notes on the morphology of Plutomurus carpaticus Rusek & Weiner and P. unidentatus (Börner)
FIGURES 8–9. Plutomurus carpaticus Rusek & Weiner, 1978. 8. Abd. III, chaetal pattern (bar: 50 μm); 9. Abd. IV, chaetal pattern (bar: 50 μm).
FIGURES 1–2 in Contribution to the genus Plutomurus Yosii (Collembola, Tomoceridae): notes on the morphology of Plutomurus carpaticus Rusek & Weiner and P. unidentatus (Börner)
FIGURES 1–2. Habitus of Plutomurus carpaticus Rusek & Weiner, 1978 from type locality, Pieniny Mts. (bar: 500 μm).
FIGURES 19–20 in Contribution to the genus Plutomurus Yosii (Collembola, Tomoceridae): notes on the morphology of Plutomurus carpaticus Rusek & Weiner and P. unidentatus (Börner)
FIGURES 19–20. Plutomurus unidentatus (Börner, 1901). specimen from Luxembourg. 19. Basal part of hind tibiotarsus with ventral spike-like macrochaeta (marked with arrow) (bar: 40 μm); 20. Apical part of hind tibiotarsus with ventral spike-like chaeta (marked with arrow) (bar: 40 μm).
Supplementary material 2 from: Hill KGW, Nielson KE, Tyler JJ, McInerney FA, Doubleday ZA, Frankham GJ, Johnson RN, Gillanders BM, Delean S, Cassey P (2020) Pet or pest? Stable isotope methods for determining the provenance of an invasive alien species. NeoBiota 59: 21-37. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.59.53671
Table S2.1; Figure S1. Explanation of methods for determining the optimal sampling size and design, using a power analysis on pilot data
Supplementary material 1 from: Hill KGW, Nielson KE, Tyler JJ, McInerney FA, Doubleday ZA, Frankham GJ, Johnson RN, Gillanders BM, Delean S, Cassey P (2020) Pet or pest? Stable isotope methods for determining the provenance of an invasive alien species. NeoBiota 59: 21-37. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.59.53671
Tables S1.1, S1.2. A detailed description of indexes used for calculating confidence of status of Trachemys scripta elegans individuals
Data from: Biological stoichiometry of oleaginous microalgal lipid synthesis: The role of N:P supply ratios and growth rate on microalgal elemental and biochemical composition
<p>Biological Stoichiometry is an ecological framework connecting the balance of elements to the functioning of organisms. Here, we applied this framework to study the relationships between carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) ratios and synthesis of industrial high value biochemicals in the highly oleaginous alga <em>Tetradesmus bernardii.</em> We expected an increase in protein content with increasing cellular N content and decreasing C:N stoichiometry, and an increase in lipid content with increasing C:N and C:P stoichiometry. We tested these hypotheses by exposing <em>T. bernardii</em> to N and P limitation at a range of N:P supply ratios in chemostats set at low and high dilution rates. Following expectations, the cellular protein content increased with the N content, and decreased with cellular C:N ratios across all treatments. Carbohydrates and lipids largely followed the relative availability of C and increased under both N and P limitation, with higher C:N and C:P ratios. Specifically, lipid content increased by 100–125% upon N and P limitation, with a shift towards more neutral lipids at the cost of glycolipids and phospholipids. Generally, we observed a re-allocation of cellular C from protein to carbohydrates upon modest N limitation, and towards lipids under P and severe N limitation. Our results demonstrate stoichiometrically predictable patterns of industrially valuable compounds in an oleaginous microalga.</p>
Circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells facilitate invasion of thyroid cancer cells by repressing miR-486-3p
<p>Background: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have become increasingly recognized as facilitators of tumor development. However, the role of MDSCs in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) progression has not been clearly explored.</p> <p>Objective: We aimed to evaluate the levels and function of circulating MDSCs in PTC.</p> <p>Methods: The proportion of circulating polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSCs and mononuclearMDSCs from patients with PTC or benign thyroid nodules and healthy controls was measured using flow cytometry. For immunosuppressive activity analysis, sorted circulating MDSCs were cocultured with CD3/CD28-costimulated T lymphocytes and the proliferation of T cells was determined. PTC cell lines (TPC-1 and BC-PAP) were cocultured with PMN-MDSCs, and the effects on cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and apoptosis were evaluated. The differential expressed microribonucleic acids (RNAs) and messenger RNAs and their function were also explored in TPC-1 cells cocultured with or without PMN-MDSCs.</p> <p>Results: PMN-MDSCs were increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with PTC. Circulating PMN-MDSCs displayed strong T cell suppressive activity. PTC cells demonstrated enhanced invasive capabilities in vitro and in vivo when cocultured with sorted PMN-MDSCs. PMN-MDSCs decreased expression of miR-486-3p and activated nuclear factor kappa B2 (NF-κB2), a direct target of miR-486-3p. Rescue of miR-486-3p diminished the cell migration and invasion induced by PMN-MDSCs.</p> <p>Conclusion: Collectively, our work indicates that circulating PMN-MDSCs promote PTC progression. By suppressing miR-486-3p, PMN-MDSCs promote the activity of the NF-κB2 signaling pathway, resulting in accelerated invasion of PTC cells, which may provide new therapeutic strategies for treatment of thyroid cancer. </p>
Male reproductive traits among natural populations of P. guentheri
<p>Ejaculate traits vary extensively among individuals and species, but little is known about their variation among populations of the same species. Here, we investigated patterns of intraspecific variation in male reproductive investment in the terrestrial-breeding frog <i>Pseudophryne guentheri</i>. Like most anurans, breeding activity in <i>P. guentheri</i> is cued by precipitation, and therefore the timing and duration of breeding seasons differ among geographically separated populations, potentially leading to differences in the level of sperm competition. We therefore anticipated local adaptation in sperm traits that reflect these phenological differences among populations. Our analysis of six natural populations across a rainfall gradient revealed significant divergence in testes and ejaculate traits that correspond with annual rainfall and rainfall seasonality; males from the northern and drier edge of the species range had significantly smaller testes <span>containing fewer, smaller and less motile sperm compared to those from mesic central populations. These findings may reflect spatial variation in the strength of postcopulatory sexual selection, likely driven by</span><span> local patterns of precipitation.</span></p>
Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis increases P uptake and productivity of mixtures of maize varieties compared to monocultures
<p>Ecological intensification seeks to achieve crop yield increases through intensifying complementary or facilitative interactions between plant species or varieties. Different species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) exhibit niche differentiation and show selectivity towards certain plants, which can further enhance complementarity. It is not clear whether in the presence of one AMF species, where mycelial networks connect crop species, opportunities for complementarity effects may be reduced.</p> <p>We grew monocultures and mixtures of maize varieties in a greenhouse with one species of AMF, Funneliformis mosseae, during two consecutive years to investigate whether under such conditions the mycorrhizal symbiosis would affect complementarity and overyielding compared to non-mycorrhizal plants.</p> <p>Variety mixtures showed increased phosphatase activity and mycorrhizal colonization, enhanced P-uptake and overyielding when plants were mycorrhizal. There was no overyielding when plants were non-mycorrhizal. The increase in relative yield total was due to complementarity effects.</p> <p>Our data show that the magnitude of mycorrhiza-induced overyielding in maize variety mixtures can be similar to that reported for plant species mixtures. Our study implies that appropriate agricultural management that enhances the mycorrhizal fungal contribution to ecosystem services may result in overyielding in yield or P uptake through mixing varieties of one crop species.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.