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6,569 results for “Long-term”
A Serum-free Culture Medium for Long-term Expansion of Human Airway Basal Stem Cells
GEO Series GSE304935. Homo sapiens. 24 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Single-cell transcriptomics uncovers the roles of mesothelial cells and microenvironmental changes in the ultrafiltration failure after long-term peritoneal dialysis
GEO Series GSE248762. Homo sapiens. 16 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Human IL-6 fosters long-term engraftment of human patient derived myeloma cells in immunodeficient mice
GEO Series GSE246140. Homo sapiens; Mus musculus. 2 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Borrelia burgdorferi infection induces long-term memory-like responses in macrophages with tissue-wide consequences in the heart
GEO Series GSE152168. Mus musculus. 34 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
RNA sequencing of HSCs from ctrl mice or long-term ferulic acid treated mice
GEO Series GSE299994. Mus musculus. 6 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
The spider diversity and plant hopper control potential in the long-term organic paddy fields in sub-tropical area, China
<p>Data file (1 data set) accompanying paper He et al., (2019). The spider diversity and plant hopper control potential in the long-term organic paddy fields in the sub-tropical area, China</p>
Three-dimensional hydraulic tomography analysis of long-term municipal wellfield operations: Validation with synthetic flow and solute transport data
<p>Attached are the datasets utilized to accomplish the study of "<em>Three-dimensional hydraulic tomography analysis of long-term municipal wellfiled operations: Validation with synthetic flow and solute transport data". </em>Basically, it includes the information of the discrete model and assigned, wells as well as the generated synthetic hydraulic head and solute concentration data.</p>
Input data for manuscript "An open-source low-cost sensor for SNR-based GNSS reflectometry: Design and long-term validation towards sea level altimetry"
<p>Input data for Fagundes et al. (2021), "An open-source low-cost sensor for SNR-based GNSS reflectometry: Design and long-term validation towards sea level altimetry", GPS Solutions (in press). <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341946011">preprint</a></p>
Long-term behavior of cloud-to-ground lightning activity over the Beijing metropolitan region in China
<p>The dataset here includes surface temperature, wind field, precipitation, UV aerosol index and lightning information analyzed in the paper "Long-term behavior of cloud-to-ground lightning activity over the Beijing metropolitan region in China".</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Long-term trends of ambient nitrate (NO3-) concentrations across China based on ensemble machine-learning models
<p>The data is the monthly NO3- concentrations across China during 2005-2015. These data was obtained using a novel ensemble model combining random forest (RF), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithms based on satellite data, assimilated meteorology, and other geographical covariates.</p> <p>In the datasets, XX-YY denote the XX month in YY year.<br> For instance, January-05 denotes the January in 2005.<br> NaN in the data denote the missing values.</p>
Cattle and wild vertebrate habitat use in a long-term exclosure experiment
<p>1. Cattle and other livestock graze more than a quarter of the world's terrestrial area and are widely regarded to be drivers of global biodiversity declines. Studies often compare the effects of livestock presence/absence but, to our knowledge, no studies have tested for interactive effects between large wild herbivores and livestock at varying stocking rates on small-bodied wild vertebrates.</p> <p>2. We investigated the effects of cattle stocking rates (none/moderate/high) on the diversity of wildlife 0.05-1000 kg using camera traps at a long-term exclosure experiment within a semi-arid savanna ecosystem in central Kenya. In addition, by selectively excluding wild 'mesoherbivores' (50-1000 kg) and 'megaherbivores' (>1000 kg; elephant and giraffe), we tested whether the presence of these two wild herbivore guilds (collectively, 'larger wild herbivores') mediates the effect of cattle stocking rate on habitat use and diversity of 'smaller wildlife' (mammals ranging between 10-70 cm shoulder height and birds).</p> <p>3. Our results show that cattle enhance alpha diversity of smaller wildlife (with or without larger wild herbivore presence) and of all wildlife 0.05-1000 kg (with or without megaherbivore presence), by altering vegetation structure. However, for smaller wildlife, this effect is less pronounced in the presence of larger wild herbivores, which also shorten grass. In the absence of cattle, mesoherbivore-accessible sites showed higher alpha diversity of smaller wildlife than sites excluding mesoherbivores.</p> <p>4. Smaller wildlife habitat use was increased by high-cattle-stocking rates and wild mesoherbivores more in the presence of the other.</p> <p>5. Synthesis and applications. Our findings imply that grazing, whether by livestock or wildlife, can enhance local savanna wildlife diversity. The biodiversity benefits of localised increases in herbivory are likely to be due to shortened grass and associated visibility improvements (for predator-avoidance/foraging). This suggests that land managers can increase local biodiversity by shortening grass, with wild or domestic herbivores (or both), at least in patches within a taller-grass matrix.</p>
Data from: Long-term data reveal patterns and controls on streamwater chemistry in a forested stream: Walker Branch, Tennessee
We present 20 years of weekly streamwater chemistry, hydrology, and climate data for the Walker Branch watershed in eastern Tennessee, USA. Since 1989, the watershed has experienced a ~1.0˚C increase in mean annual temperature, a ~20% decline in precipitation, and a ~30% increase in forest evapotranspiration rates. As a result, runoff has declined by ~34%. We evaluate long-term trends in streamwater concentrations and fluxes for 9 solutes and use wet deposition data to calculate approximate watershed input-output budgets. Dissolved constituents were classified as geochemical solutes (Ca2+, Mg2+ and SO42-) or nutrients (NH4+, NO3-, SRP, TSN, TSP, and DOC). Geochemical solutes are predominantly controlled by discharge and long-term changes in catchment hydrology have led to significant trends in the concentrations and fluxes of these solutes. Further, trends in geochemical solute concentrations indicate shifting soil flowpath contributions to streamflow generation through time, with deep groundwater having a greater proportional contribution in recent years. Despite dramatic changes in watershed runoff, there were no trends in inorganic nutrient concentrations (NH4+, NO3-, and SRP). While most nutrients entering the watershed are retained, stream fluxes of nutrient solutes have declined significantly as a result of decreasing runoff. Nutrient concentrations in streamwater exhibit large seasonality controlled by in-stream biological uptake. Stream benthic communities are sensitive to hydrologic disturbance and changes in the frequency or intensity of storm events through time can affect nutrient fluxes. Stream NO3- concentrations are also sensitive to drought, with concentrations decreasing (increasing) if conditions during the 3 years prior to the time of sampling were drier (wetter) than the long-term mean. Future changes in the incidence of storm events, as well as the number and duration of droughts, have the potential to significantly alter watershed nutrient losses. Our analysis indicates that changing climates can differentially affect watershed element cycles through changes in biogeochemical process rates or through changes in catchment hydrology. Furthermore, climate change can include both long-term trending in mean climate variables, as well as changes in the frequency and intensity of storms and droughts, with each of these types of change having distinct effects on biological and geochemical processes governing different solutes.
Data from: Effects of mass extinction and recovery dynamics on long-term evolutionary trends: a morphological study of Strophomenida (Brachiopoda) across the Late Ordovician mass extinction
Mass extinctions affect the history of life by decimating existing diversity and ecological structure and creating new evolutionary and ecological pathways. Both the loss of diversity during these events and the rebound in diversity following extinction had a profound effect on Phanerozoic evolutionary trends. Phylogenetic trees can be used to robustly assess the evolutionary implications of extinction and origination. We examine both extinction and origination during the Late Ordovician mass extinction. This mass extinction was the second largest in terms of taxonomic loss but did not appear to radically alter Paleozoic marine assemblages. We focus on the brachiopod order Strophomenida, whose evolutionary relationships have been recently revised, to explore the disconnect between the processes that drive taxonomic loss and those that restructure ecological communities. A possible explanation for this disconnect is if extinction and origination were random with respect to morphology. We define morphospace using principal coordinate analysis (PCO) of character data from 61 Ordovician-Devonian taxa and their 45 ancestral nodes, defined by a most parsimonius reconstruction in Mesquite. A bootstrap of the centroid of PCO values indicates that genera were randomly removed from morphospace by the Late Ordovician mass extinction, and new Silurian genera were clustered within a smaller previously unoccupied region of morphospace. Diversification remained morphologically constrained throughout the Silurian and into the Devonian. This suggests that the recovery from the Late Ordovician mass extinction resulted in a long-term shift in strophomenide evolution. More broadly, recovery intervals may hold clues to understanding the evolutionary impact of mass extinctions.
Physiological adaptations to sugar-mimic alkaloids: insights from Bombyx mori for long-term adaption and short-term response
<p>Plant-insect interaction is a dynamic system, insects evolved adaptive plasticity to minimize the effects of the chemical defenses of their host plants. Nevertheless, the expressional response and adaptation of phytophagous specialists for long-term adaption and short-term response to host phytochemicals remains largely unexplored. The mulberry (<i>Morus alba</i>) -silkworm (<i>Bombyx mori</i>) interaction is an old and well-known model of plant-insect interaction. In this study, we examined the long-term adaption and short-term response of the mulberry-specialist silkworm to two sugar-mimic alkaloids in mulberry: the commonly encountered 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) and occasionally encountered 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-arabinitol (D-AB1), respectively. Global transcriptional patterns revealed that the physiological responses induced by the selective expression of genes involved in manifold cellular processes, including detoxification networks, canonical digestion processes, target enzymes and other fundamental physiological processes, were crucial for regulating metabolic homeostasis. Comparative network analysis of the effects of exposure to D-AB1 and 1-DNJ supported the contention that<i> B. mori</i> produced similar and specific trajectories of changed gene expression in response to different sugar-mimic alkaloids. D-AB1 elicited a substantial proportion of downregulated genes relating to carbohydrate metabolism, catabolic process, lipid metabolism, and glycan biosynthesis and metabolism. This study dramatically expands our knowledge of the physiological adaptations to dietary sugar-mimic alkaloid intake and uncovered both metabolic evolutionarily responses and unique adaptive mechanisms previously unknown in insects.</p>
Data from: Mutator genomes decay, despite sustained fitness gains, in a long-term experiment with bacteria
Understanding the extreme variation among bacterial genomes remains an unsolved challenge in evolutionary biology, despite long-standing debate about the relative importance of natural selection, mutation, and random drift. A potentially important confounding factor is the variation in mutation rates between lineages and over evolutionary history, which has been documented in several species. Mutation accumulation experiments have shown that hypermutability can erode genomes over short timescales. These results, however, were obtained under conditions of extremely weak selection, casting doubt on their general relevance. Here, we circumvent this limitation by analyzing genomes from mutator populations that arose during a long-term experiment with Escherichia coli, in which populations have been adaptively evolving for >50,000 generations. We develop an analytical framework to quantify the relative contributions of mutation and selection in shaping genomic characteristics, and we validate it using genomes evolved under regimes of high mutation rates with weak selection (mutation accumulation experiments) and low mutation rates with strong selection (natural isolates). Our results show that, despite sustained adaptive evolution in the long-term experiment, the signature of selection is much weaker than that of mutational biases in mutator genomes. This finding suggests that relatively brief periods of hypermutability can play an outsized role in shaping extant bacterial genomes. Overall, these results highlight the importance of genomic draft, in which strong linkage limits the ability of selection to purge deleterious mutations. These insights are also relevant to other biological systems evolving under strong linkage and high mutation rates, including viruses and cancer cells.
Data from: Long-term test–retest reliability of striatal and extrastriatal dopamine D2/3 receptor binding: study with [11C]raclopride and high-resolution PET
We measured the long-term test–retest reliability of [11C]raclopride binding in striatal subregions, the thalamus and the cortex using the bolus-plus-infusion method and a high-resolution positron emission scanner. Seven healthy male volunteers underwent two positron emission tomography (PET) [11C]raclopride assessments, with a 5-week retest interval. D2/3 receptor availability was quantified as binding potential using the simplified reference tissue model. Absolute variability (VAR) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values indicated very good reproducibility for the striatum and were 4.5%/0.82, 3.9%/0.83, and 3.9%/0.82, for the caudate nucleus, putamen, and ventral striatum, respectively. Thalamic reliability was also very good, with VAR of 3.7% and ICC of 0.92. Test-retest data for cortical areas showed good to moderate reproducibility (6.1% to 13.1%). Our results are in line with previous test–retest studies of [11C]raclopride binding in the striatum. A novel finding is the relatively low variability of [11C]raclopride binding, providing suggestive evidence that extrastriatal D2/3 binding can be studied in vivo with [11C]raclopride PET to be verified in future studies.
Data from: Long-term agroecosystem research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed and regional herbicide water quality data
PLEASE NOTE, THESE DATA ARE ALSO REFERRED TO IN ANOTHER PUBLICATION. PLEASE SEE http://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.12.0518. Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed (GCEW) has been the focus area of a long-term effort to document the extent of and to understand the factors controlling herbicide transport. We document the datasets generated in the 20-yr-long research effort to study the transport of herbicides to surface and groundwater in the GCEW. This long-term effort was augmented with a spatially broad effort within the Central Mississippi River Basin encompassing 12 related claypan watersheds in the Salt River Basin, two cave streams on the fringe of the Central Claypan Areas in the Bonne Femme watershed, and 95 streams in northern Missouri and southern Iowa. Details of the analytical methods, periods of record, number of samples, study locations, and means of accessing these data are provided. In addition, a brief overview of significant findings is presented. A key finding was that near-surface restrictive soil layers, such as argillic horizons of smectitic mineralogy, result in greater herbicide transport than soils with high percolation and low clay content. Because of this, streams in the claypan soil watersheds of northeastern Missouri have exceptionally high herbicide concentrations and relative loads compared with other areas of the Corn Belt.
Data from: Clinical factors associated with long-term complete remission versus poor response to chemotherapy in HIV-infected children and adolescents with Kaposi sarcoma receiving bleomycin and vincristine: a retrospective observational study
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is the most common HIV-associated malignancy in children and adolescents in Africa. Pediatric KS is distinct from adult disease. We evaluated the clinical characteristics associated with long-term outcomes. We performed a retrospective observational analysis of 70 HIV-infected children and adolescents with KS less than 18 years of age diagnosed between 8/2010 and 6/2013 in Lilongwe, Malawi. Local first-line treatment included bleomycin and vincristine plus nevirapine-based highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Median age was 8.6 years (range 1.7–17.9); there were 35 females (50%). Most common sites of presentation were: lymph node (74%), skin (59%), subcutaneous nodules (33%), oral (27%), woody edema (24%), and visceral (16%). Eighteen (26%) presented with lymphadenopathy only. Severe CD4 suppression occurred in 28%. At time of KS diagnosis, 49% were already on HAART. Overall, 28% presented with a platelet count < 100 x 109/L and 37% with hemoglobin < 8 g/dL. The 2-year event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 46% and 58% respectively (median follow-up 29 months, range 15–50). Multivariable analysis of risk of death and failure to achieve EFS demonstrated that visceral disease (odds ratios [OR] 19.08 and 11.61, 95% CI 2.22–163.90 and 1.60–83.95 respectively) and presenting with more than 20 skin/oral lesions (OR 9.57 and 22.90, 95% CI 1.01–90.99 and 1.00–524.13 respectively) were independent risk factors for both. Woody edema was associated with failure to achieve EFS (OR 7.80, 95% CI 1.84–33.08) but not death. Univariable analysis revealed that lymph node involvement was favorable for EFS (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.08–0.99), while T1 TIS staging criteria, presence of cytopenias, and severe immune suppression were not associated with increased mortality. Long-term complete remission is achievable in pediatric KS, however outcomes vary according to clinical presentation. Based on clinical heterogeneity, treatment according to risk-stratification is necessary to improve overall outcomes.
TGLO Establish Historical Long-term Wetland Boundary Evolution Through Satellite Imagery
<p>This dataset includes wetland erosion rates for West Galveston, Matagorda, and San Antonio Bay. Long-term trends in wetland boundary changes are estimated using Landsat satellite imagery. Sections of the wetland experiencing the highest rates of erosion will be further investigated through CubeSat satellite observations. The format of the data is summarized as follows</p> <p>(1) Landsat based wetland evolution results from 1984 to 2020</p> <ul> <li>The Annual and seasonal water occurrence (in gif format)</li> <li>The wetland change map (in TIF format)</li> </ul> <p>(2) CubeSat based wetland evolution results from 2009 to 2020</p> <ul> <li>Water occurrence maps from 2009 to 2021 for the RapidEye based bi-annual results (FSX-occurrence-yyy1-yyy2.tif) and the PlanetScope based annual results (FSX-occurrence-yyy1.tif), where yyyy represents the given year. The legend image is 'occurrence-cbar.jpg'</li> <li>Erosion maps based on the difference between water occurrence mapping in 2009 and 2021: ('FSX-occurrence-diff-2021-2009.tif'). The legend is 'occurrence-diff-cbar.jpg'</li> <li>The 0.2-meter bed counter line images based on the water occurrence maps and the tide elevation threshold from 2017 to 2021: (FSX-bed-yyy1.tif). Again, yyy1 represents the given year. The legend is 'color-bed.jpg</li> <li>The difference between the beds in the 0.2-meter bed counter line images in 2017 and 2021 at FS-1, FS-2, FS-3, and FS-4: (FSX-bed-diff-2021-2017.tif). The legend is 'color-bed-dif.jpg'</li> </ul> <p>(3) Analysis of wetland boundary evolution and erosion rate</p> <ul> <li>Landsat based Wetland erosion rate from 1984 to 2020 and CubeSat erosion rate from 2009 to 2021 (data format in ArcGIS shapefile)*</li> <li>Landsat based coastlines in 1984, 2000, 2010, and 2020**</li> <li>* *The dataset also shown on the Coast Atlas website (<a href="https://www.texascoastalatlas.com/bayatlas/index.html">this link</a>)</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Stock prices, dividends, and structural changes in the long-term: The case of U.S.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.