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420 results for “Body size data”
Data from: Insect temperature-body size trends common to laboratory, latitudinal and seasonal gradients are not found across altitudes
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Data from: The body size dependence of mutual interference
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Data from: Persistent directional selection on body size and a resolution to the paradox of stasis
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Data from: Closely related species of birds differ more in body size when their ranges overlap—in warm, but not cool, climates
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Data from: Size, sounds and sex: interactions between body size and harmonic convergence signals determine mating success in Aedes aegypti
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Data from: Body size, swimming speed, or thermal sensitivity? Predator-imposed selection on amphibian larvae
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AB77b Cat mummy body slice data 65.23 micron voxel size
<p>AB77b Cat mummy body slice data 65.23 micron voxel size</p>
Data from: Daily nest predation rates decrease with body size in passerine birds
<p>Body size evolution is generally framed by the benefits of being large, while costs are largely overlooked. An important putative cost of being large is the need to extend development periods, which should increase exposure to predation and potentially select against larger size. In birds, this selection pressure can be important because predation is the main source of offspring mortality and predators should more readily detect the larger nests associated with larger body sizes. Here, we show for diverse passerine birds across the world that, counter to expectations, larger species suffer lower daily nest predation rates than smaller species. This pattern is consistent despite latitudinal variation in predation and does not seem to reflect a tendency of larger species to use more protected nests or less exposed nest locations. Evidence instead suggests that larger species attack a wider array of predator sizes, which could reduce predation rates at nests of large-bodied species. Regardless of the mechanism, the lower daily nest predation rates of larger species yield slightly lower predation rates over the entire development period compared to smaller species. These results highlight the importance of behavior as a mechanism to alter selection pressures, and have implications for body size evolution.</p>
Data from: Rethinking the effects of body size on the study of brain size evolution
Body size correlates with most structural and functional components of an organism's phenotype – brain size being a prime example of allometric scaling with animal size. Therefore, comparative studies of brain evolution in vertebrates rely on controlling for the scaling effects of body size variation on brain size variation by calculating brain weight/body weight ratios. Differences in the brain size-body size relationship between taxa are usually interpreted as differences in selection acting on the brain or its components, while selection pressures acting on body size, which are among the most prevalent in nature, are rarely acknowledged, leading to conflicting and confusing conclusions. We address these problems by comparing brain-body relationships from across >1,000 species of birds and non-avian reptiles. Relative brain size in birds is often assumed to be 10 times larger than in reptiles of similar body size. We examine how differences in the specific gravity of body tissues and in body design (e.g., presence/absence of a tail or a dense shell) between these two groups can affect estimates of relative brain size. Using phylogenetic comparative analyses, we show that the gap in relative brain size between birds and reptiles has been grossly exaggerated. Our results highlight the need to take into account differences between taxa arising from selection pressures affecting body size and design, and call into question the widespread misconception that reptile brains are small and incapable of supporting sophisticated behavior and cognition.
Data from: Bergmann's body size rule operates in facultatively endothermic insects: evidence from a complex of cryptic bumblebee species
According to Bergmann's rule we expect species with larger body size to inhabit locations with a cooler climate, where they may be well adapted to conserve heat and resist starvation. This rule is generally applied to endotherms. In contrast, body size in ectothermic invertebrates has been suggested to follow the reverse ecogeographic trend: these converse Bergmann's patterns may be driven by the ecological constraints of shorter season length and lower food availability in cooler high latitude locations. Such patterns are particularly common in large insects due to their longer development times. As large and facultatively endothermic insects, bumblebees could thus be expected to follow either trend. In this investigation, we studied body size of three bumblebee species over a large spatial area and investigated whether interspecific trends in body size correspond to differences in their distribution consistent with either Bergmann's or a converse Bergmann's rule. We examined the body size of queens, males and workers of the Bombus lucorum complex of cryptic bumblebee species from across the whole of Great Britain. We found interspecific differences in body size corresponding to Bergmann's rule: queens and males of the more northerly distributed, cool-adapted, species were largest. In contrast, the mean body size of the worker caste did not vary between the three species. These differences in body size may have evolved under selection pressures for thermoregulation or starvation resistance. We suggest that this case study in facultatively endothermic insects may help clarify the selection pressures governing Bergmann rule trends more generally.
Data from: Body-size trends in Peromyscus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) on Vancouver Island, Canada, with comments on relictual gigantism
Large body size in Keen's mouse, Peromyscus keeni, has been regarded as a relictual character that developed in times of geographic separation from P. maniculatus. However, body-size changes in Keen's mouse have not been studied in detail. To address this problem the present paper compares the size of ancient and modern Peromyscus specimens from Vancouver Island. Results indicate that Late Pleistocene Peromyscus from Arch-2 Cave and early Holocene Peromyscus from Pellucidar Cave are significantly larger than those of modern P. maniculatus and P. keeni. Morphology and linear discriminant analyses support tentative assignment of several ancient specimens to P. keeni. Radiocarbon age estimates of 11,960±45 BP (14,004–13,637 cal BP) on a small mammal bone and 12,370±35 BP (14,695–14,148 cal BP) on Ursus arctos from Arch-2 Cave place these faunas on the island as relative sea level fell from a postglacial highstand, suggesting a local source for faunas with limited over-water dispersal capacities. Results of this study are consistent with insular relictual gigantism in Keen's mouse, although some modification of the original hypothesis is needed to explain the smaller size of modern than ancient mice.
Data from: Early bursts of body size and shape evolution are rare in comparative data
George Gaylord Simpson famously postulated that much of life's diversity originated as adaptive radiations—more or less simultaneous divergences of numerous lines from a single ancestral adaptive type. However, identifying adaptive radiations has proven difficult due to a lack of broad-scale comparative datasets. Here, we use phylogenetic comparative data on body size and shape in a diversity of animal clades to test a key model of adaptive radiation, in which initially rapid morphological evolution is followed by relative stasis. We compared the fit of this model to both single selective peak and random walk models. We found little support for the early-burst model of adaptive radiation, whereas both other models, particularly that of selective peaks, were commonly supported. In addition, we found that the net rate of morphological evolution varied inversely with clade age. The youngest clades appear to evolve most rapidly because long-term change typically does not attain the amount of divergence predicted from rates measured over short time scales. Across our entire analysis, the dominant pattern was one of constraints shaping evolution continually through time rather than rapid evolution followed by stasis. We suggest that the classical model of adaptive radiation, where morphological evolution is initially rapid and slows through time, may be rare in comparative data.
Data from: Body-size trends in Peromyscus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) on Vancouver Island, Canada, with comments on relictual gigantism
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Data from: Bergmann's body size rule operates in facultatively endothermic insects: evidence from a complex of cryptic bumblebee species
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Data from: Daily nest predation rates decrease with body size in passerine birds
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Data from: Quantitative trait loci for light sensitivity, body weight, body size, and morphological eye parameters in the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris
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Data from: Early bursts of body size and shape evolution are rare in comparative data
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Data from: Rethinking the effects of body size on the study of brain size evolution
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Data from: Untangling intra- and interspecific effects on body size clines reveals divergent processes structuring convergent patterns in Anolis lizards
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Supporting data for: The multi-peak adaptive landscape of crocodylomorph body size evolution
<p>Data supporting the manuscript "The multi-peak adaptive landscape of crocodylomorph body size evolution", currently in review at BMC Evolutionary Biology. The zip folder contains 3 documents (Additional files 1, 2, and 3) and 4 subfolders (Additional files 4, 5, 6, and 7):</p> <ul> <li>Additional files 1: Supplementary methods and results, including information on (1) total length estimation from cranial measurements, (2) supertree construction, (3) time bins used for time series correlations and disparity calculation, and (4) regression results tables of all correlation analyses performed.</li> <li>Additional files 2: Datasets with information on crocodylomorph body size (cranial measurements), palaeolatitude, specimens and lifestyle.</li> <li>Additional files 3: AICc scores of all models fitted in our macroevolutionary analyses.</li> <li>Additional files 4: Folder containing all plots of SURFACE model fits.</li> <li>Additional files 5: Folder containing cross plotting of all SURFACE model fits, using distinct time-scaling methods.</li> <li>Additional files 6: Folder containing alternative crocodylomorph trees and FAD (First Appearance Datum) and LAD (Last Appearance Datum) of all species used in our analyses.</li> <li>Additional files 7: Folder containing R functions and data for running an example script of our model-fitting analyses.</li> </ul>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.