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Fig. 6 in Dual domestications and origin of traits in grapevine evolution

Fig. 6. Schematic graph of grapevine evolutionary history. Key events in the evolutionary history of grapevines are shown alongside major events in global climate change and human migration.

Fig. 2 in Dual domestications and origin of traits in grapevine evolution

Fig. 2. Population history of V. sylvestris ecotypes. (A) Geographic isolation and population separation of V. sylvestris ecotypes. Pie charts show mean ancestry proportion at K = 8. Same color scheme as in Fig. 1B is used. (B) Demographic histories of V. sylvestris populations deduced from Stairway Plot 2. Lines indicate medians with 75% and 95% confidence intervals. (C) Population split times among ecotypes with MSMC2. Red bars indicate medians with 95% confidence intervals. (D) Ecological niche modeling of the suitable habitats for V. sylvestris ecotypes. The color scale shows suitability score.

Fig. 1 in Dual domestications and origin of traits in grapevine evolution

Fig. 1. Genetic diversity of global core V. sylvestris and V. vinifera accessions. (A) Geographical locations of the 2448 core grapevine accessions. (B) PCA according to major viticultural regions. Large square/ circle highlights median position. Star shows VS-1 position. (C) Isolationby-distance test of V. sylvestris and V. vinifera accessions. Linear regression with 95% confidence interval is shown. (D) ADMIXTURE clustering of the accessions. (E) Geographic locations of the accessions in each group. Gray represents minor locations. (F) Average proportion of major genetic ancestries in grapevine groups. (G) PC2 versus PC3 projection according to grapevine group.

Fig. 5 in Dual domestications and origin of traits in grapevine evolution

Fig. 5. Selection and evolution of the SDR in the core grapevine accessions. (A) The SDR in VS-1. Red arrows indicate identified recombination sites. (B) SDR genotypes from associated SNPs reveal five recombination sites (dashed lines) and genotype diversity (right). Major and minor haplotypes are shown on the left. (C) Distribution of SDR genotypes in the six major grapevine groups. (D) Recombination history of all SDR haplotypes. (E) Putative dispersal route of the H4 haplotype and the origination of H2 haplotype.

Fig. 3 in Dual domestications and origin of traits in grapevine evolution

Fig. 3. Dual domestications of V. vinifera in Western Asia and the Caucasus. (A) Pairwise fixation index of the major grapevine groups. (B) Outgroup f3 statistics biplot measuring genetic similarity. Rotund, Muscadinia rotundifolia. Stars mark the f3 statistics for CG1/CG2. (C) Estimated split times among Syl-E1/2 and CG1/2 with MSMC2 (left). Red bars indicate medians with 95% confidence intervals. (D) Geographic distribution of CG1 and CG2 in relation to the domestication centers. Human dispersal routes are shown. (E) Shared (sky blue) and unique domestication selective sweep regions (red and dark teal) in V. vinifera.

Fig. 4 in Dual domestications and origin of traits in grapevine evolution

Fig. 4. Stepwise diversification of V. vinifera in Europe. (A and B) Introgression from Syl-W into European V. vinifera groups revealed by TreeMix (A) and confirmed by D-statistic (B). (C) Four population simulation of split times and genetic introgression using Momi2. Median numbers from 100 bootstrap runs are shown. (D) Origination of V. vinifera groups (CG3 to CG6) by the end of the Neolithic. Geographic distributions of CG groups are shown by colored circles. See fig. S24 for details on CG3.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

Efficient colonic drug delivery in domestic pigs employing a tablet formulation with dual control concept

Files contain LC-MS/MS data obtained from analysis of plasma and feces samples of 14 pigs (A-O). A description of the data can be found in the Word-file "Description of files".

opennotspecifiedApr 2023View details →

FIGURE 2 in An annotated checklist of the chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera, Amblycera Rhynchophthirina) from domestic and wild mammals in Malaysia

FIGURE 2. Map of Malaysian Borneo showing the geographical distribution of mammalian chewing lice. Some species were excluded from the map due to the absence of locality information. Abbreviations of louse species: ca, canis; em, emersoni; sp, spiniger; su, subrostratus. Malaysian map data obtained from the website https://gadm.org

opennotspecifiedApr 2023View details →

FIGURE 1 in An annotated checklist of the chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera, Amblycera Rhynchophthirina) from domestic and wild mammals in Malaysia

FIGURE 1. Map of Peninsular Malaysia showing the geographical distribution of mammalian chewing lice. Some species were excluded from the map due to the absence of locality information. Abbreviations of louse species: ca, caprae; el, elephantis; mj, mjoebergi; ol, ovalis; ov, ovis; po, porcelli; si, siamensis; sp, spiniger; su, subrostratus. Malaysian map data obtained from the website https://gadm.org

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Data for: Effects of domestication and captive breeding on reaction to moving objects: Implications for avoidance behaviors of obstacles and predators by masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou

Domestication and captive breeding can compromise obstacle- and predator-avoidance of animals in the wild. Whereas previous studies only examined these effects in combination, here we examine them individually by comparing the abilities of wild, F1 (offspring of wild parents), and captive-bred (approx. F15) masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) to avoid a falling object under experimental conditions. Rates of avoidance failure were low (wild, 12.5%; F1, 10.7%; captive-bred, 8%) under light conditions but increased under dark conditions (wild, 11.1%; F1, 32.1%; captive-bred, 60.0%). We attribute the elevated avoidance-failure rate among F1 fish to the lack of learning opportunities in hatchery environments, and the further elevation of avoidance-failure rate among captive-bred fish to the degradation of sensory organ function. These results imply reduced survival rates for F1 and captive-bred fish in the wild and are consistent with the low stocking efficiencies reported for captive-bred masu salmon.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Domestic Violence Against Women Questionnaire

Domestic Violence Against Women Questionnaire  The questionnaire was adapted from published similar articles and our own experience covering the general characteristics of the participating women, exposure to domestic violence, family characteristics, and husband characteristics

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Bibliometric analysis of global scientific literature on effects of COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence

Raw data for Bibliometric analysis of global scientific literature on effects of COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Assessing social perceptions of rewilding approaches in Spain using traditional domestic livestock

R data format

Fig. 6 in Variation in production of cyanogenic glucosides during early plant development: A comparison of wild and domesticated sorghum

Fig. 6. Proportion of nitrogen allocated to dhurrin and nitrate (NO3) in dried, finely ground tissues of S. bicolor, S. brachypodum and S. macrospermum plants at 35 d post-germination. A) Dhurrin allocation; B) Nitrate allocation; C) C:N ratio. Graphs show mean ± 1 standard error (n = 3). Columns with different letters within each tissue are significantly different (p <0.05).

Fig. 3 in Variation in production of cyanogenic glucosides during early plant development: A comparison of wild and domesticated sorghum

Fig. 3. Leaf characteristics of S. bicolor, S. brachypodum and S. macrospermum plants at six harvest points during the first 35 d post-germination. A) Total leaf number; B) Total leaf area (TLA); C) Specific leaf area (SLA); D) Leaf area ratio (LAR). Graphs show mean ± 1 standard error (n = 5), with statistically significant differences indicated at each time point: *p <0.05.

Fig. 5 in Variation in production of cyanogenic glucosides during early plant development: A comparison of wild and domesticated sorghum

Fig. 5. Tissue-specific hydrogen cyanide potential (HCNp, mg HCN per g dw 1) and morphology of individual A) S. bicolor, B) S. brachypodum and C) S. macrospermum plants at six time points during seedling development. The HCNp of a section of the sheath, roots, and each individual leaf was measured at 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days (D) post-germination. Colour scale indicates HCNp, used as a proxy for dhurrin concentration (green = low; red = high). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 4 in Variation in production of cyanogenic glucosides during early plant development: A comparison of wild and domesticated sorghum

Fig. 4. Hydrogen cyanide potential (HCNp, mg HCN per g dw 1) and concentration of nitrate (NO) in dried, finely ground tissues of S. bicolor, S. brachypodum and 3 S. macrospermum plants at six harvest points during the first 35 d post-germination (at 35 dpg only for NO3). A) Leaf HCNp; B) Sheath HCNp; C) Root HCNp; D) Total NO3. Graphs show mean ± 1 standard error (n = 5), with statistically significant differences indicated at each time point: *p <0.05. Columns with different letters within each tissue are significantly different (p <0.05). Data for leaf HCNp at 3 days post-germination not shown as a true leaf had not emerged at this stage.

Fig. 1 in Variation in production of cyanogenic glucosides during early plant development: A comparison of wild and domesticated sorghum

Fig. 1. Known geographic distribution of the two wild Sorghum species S. brachypodum and S. macrospermum and the site of collection of the accessions examined in the current study. Seeds were obtained from the Australian Grains Genebank (AGG), Horsham, Victoria. Occurrence records of S. brachypodum and S. macrospermum were obtained from the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA), htt p://www.ala.org.au. Each blue circle represents an occurrence record of S. brachypodum and each orange circle represents S. macrospermum (circled). Collection localities of individual accessions examined here are marked by darker coloured circles. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)