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FIGURE 4. Tanidromites wysokaensis n in Three new species of the genus Tanidromites (Decapoda: Brachyura: Tanidromitidae) from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) of Poland

FIGURE 4. Tanidromites wysokaensis n. sp. 1, paratype (#6260, Ogrodzieniec); 2, holotype (#6240, Ogrodzieniec); 3, paratype (#6263, Niegowonice); 4, anterior part of the carapace (paratype, #6263, Niegowonice); 5, lateral view (#6240, Ogrodzieniec); 6, 7, augenrest, anterior view (6 – #6263, Niegowonice; 7 – #6240, Ogrodzieniec); 8, anterior part of the carapace (holotype, #6240, Ogrodzieniec). ht – hepatic tubercle. Scale bars equal 1 mm.

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FIGURE 3. Tanidromites longinosa n in Three new species of the genus Tanidromites (Decapoda: Brachyura: Tanidromitidae) from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) of Poland

FIGURE 3. Tanidromites longinosa n. sp. 1, paratype (#6239, Ogrodzieniec) (cp – cervical pit); 2, specimen (#6242, Ogrodzieniec); 3, 4, upper orbital margin (3 – #2725 Bzów; 4 – #1908, Bzów); 5, 6, augenrest, anterior view (5 – #6302, Kroczyce; 6 – #1908, Bzów); 7, lateral view (#6238, Kroczyce); 8, holotype (#6307, Ogrodzieniec). Scale bars equal 1 mm.

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FIGURE 1. Analyzed measurements and a in Three new species of the genus Tanidromites (Decapoda: Brachyura: Tanidromitidae) from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) of Poland

FIGURE 1. Analyzed measurements and a groundplan of the morphological structures in the species of Tanidromites on the example of T. alexandrae (after Starzyk, 2015a, figure 1). Further explanation in text (ag – anterior groove, hp – hepatic pit, ht – hepatic tubercle, cp – cervical pit). Abbreviations for the measurements are in the Material and Methods.

FIGURE 3 in Late Jurassic marine vertebrates from Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca State, southern Mexico

FIGURE 3. Geologic map of Tlaxiaco showing the position and shape Yosobé and La Lobera localities (modified from SGM 2000a, 2000b, 2009).

FIGURE 6 in Late Jurassic marine vertebrates from Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca State, southern Mexico

FIGURE 6. Planohybodus sp. from Yosobé; 1, isolated and fragmented tooth, specimen IGM 9316. 2-5, fragment of a dorsal spine in anterior (2), lateral (3), posterior (4), and cross-section (5) views, specimen IGM 9317. Arrow indicates the anterior edge of the predorsal spine.

FIGURE 10 in Late Jurassic marine vertebrates from Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca State, southern Mexico

FIGURE 10. Vertebrates of marine reptiles from Yosobé. 1-3, Specimen IGM 9324, undetermined thalattosuchian crocodyliform in anterior (1), dorsal (2), and lateral (3) views. 4-6, Specimen IGM 9325, undetermined ophtalmosaurid ichthyosaur in anterior (4), dorsal (5), and ventral (6) views. In both specimens the arrows show the anterior direction. Abbreviations: dp, diapophysial process; fna, facet for the neural arch; ias, intervertebral articular surfaces; ncf, neural canal floor; ncs, neurocentral suture; nf, nutritive foramen; ns, neural spine; pz, posterior zygapophysis.

FIGURE 2 in Late Jurassic marine vertebrates from Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca State, southern Mexico

FIGURE 2. Map of the Tlaxiaco Basin and distribution of the vertebrate fossil localities and areas reported before the present manuscript. 1, Cerro de la Virgen; 2, Petlalcingo area; 3, Wieland´s area; 4, Amoltepec area; 5, Papalutla; 6; La Lobera; 7, Yosobé (6 and 7 are new localities reported in the present paper).

FIGURE 5 in Late Jurassic marine vertebrates from Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca State, southern Mexico

FIGURE 5. Yosobé locality. 1, general view of this locality showing the limestone layers (arrows) and fossil-bearing shale strata (between the arrows), and part of the village of Tlaxiaco in background. 2, bituminous and fossiliferous shale layers at Yosobé with some nodules in situ (arrows).

FIGURE 9 in Late Jurassic marine vertebrates from Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca State, southern Mexico

FIGURE 9. Trunk remains of a Pleuropholidae fish, specimen IGM 9323 from Yosobé. Abbreviations: fsc, body-flak scales; rsc, rhomboidal scales.

FIGURE 4 in Late Jurassic marine vertebrates from Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca State, southern Mexico

FIGURE 4. Geologic map and lithostratigraphical column of Yosobé. M, Marl stratum; L1-L8, limestone strata; the intermediate strata (L1-L2, L2-L3, ... L7-L8) are the bituminous shales layers that carry the vertebrate assemblage of Yosobé.

FIGURE 8 in Late Jurassic marine vertebrates from Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca State, southern Mexico

FIGURE 8. Jurassic remains of Ginglymondi fishes from localities near Tlaxiaco. 1-4, Scheenstia sp., specimen IGM 9320 from Tithonian strata of La Lobera, including a group of disarticulated scales (1), isolated scale (2), and a possible fragment of a vomer with teeth (in ventral view and lateral view, 3 and 4, respectively). 5, isolated scale of an undetermined Lepisosteiform described here as Morphotype 1, specimen IGM 9321 from Kimmeridgian strata of Yosobé. 6-7, scales of both sides of the body of an undetermined Lepisosteiform described here as Morphotype 2, specimen IGM 9322 from Kimmeridgian strata of Yosobé. Abbreviations: adp, anterior dorsal process; avp, anterior ventral process; dp, dorsal process; arrows indicate the anterior edge of the scales.

FIGURE 7 in Late Jurassic marine vertebrates from Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca State, southern Mexico

FIGURE 7. Gyrodus sp., specimen IGM 9318 from Yosobé. 1, general view. 2, close up of possible vomerine teeth. Abbreviations: dsoc, dermosupraoccipital; fr, frontal; hm, hyomandibular; op, opercle; pa, parietal; pop, preopercle; s, scale; sc, sclerotic.

Fig. 4 in A new docodont mammal from the Late Jurassic of the Junggar Basin in Northwest China

Fig. 4. Phylogenetic relationships of Docodonta based on lower molar characters. Single most parsimonious tree resulting from analysis (exhaustive search) of data matrix shown in Table 1. Tree length = 11, consistency index = 0.727, retention index = 0.850, rescaled consistency index = 0.618.

Fig. 5 in A new docodont mammal from the Late Jurassic of the Junggar Basin in Northwest China

Fig. 5. Occlusion of lower and upper molars during the chewing cycle (four phases) in superposition (A1–D1, left) and mesial aspect (A2–D2, right). In the superposition, the upper molar is drawn as if it were transparent. The phases of the chewing cycle were drawn after an experimental study with high precision epoxy casts. Arrows indicate direction of movement of lower molars. A. Initial contact. Cusp b of the lower molar contacts ridge A−C and moves dorso−medially towards the center of the upper molar (Phase 1). B. During this stage of the power stroke the volume between cusp b and cusps X−Y is compressed. A wear facet is produced at the buccal side of cusp b (Phase 2). C. Maximum occlusion. Cusp b fits snuggly into the deepest point of basin A−C−Y−X. Crest a−b fits into the deep valley of the distal margin of the upper molar between cusp Y and C. The inclined buccal side of cusp X meets the straight valley e−b−g (Phase 3). D. This stage of the power stroke reopens the jaws by a ventro−medial movement of the lower molar. Cusp X grinds along the straight valley e−b−g. This valley controls the movement of the lower molar and restricts it to a straight, transversal direction (Phase 4).

Fig. 3 in A new docodont mammal from the Late Jurassic of the Junggar Basin in Northwest China

Fig. 3. SEM prints of lower molars and premolar of Dsungarodon zuoi gen. et sp. nov., Liuhuanggou, early Late Jurassic (Oxfordian). A. SGP 21, right molar (holotype), in occlusal view (A1, stereo−pair), lingual (A2, A3), buccal (A4, A5), mesial (A6), and distal (A7) views. B. SGP 22 right ultimate molar, in occlusal (B1, stereo−pair), lingual (B2, B3), buccal (B4, B5), mesial (B6), and distal (B7) views. C. SGP 26, right premolar, in occlusal (C1, stereo−pair), lingual (C2), buccal (C3), mesial (C4), and distal (C5) views.

Fig. 1 in A new docodont mammal from the Late Jurassic of the Junggar Basin in Northwest China

Fig. 1. Restoration of right lower (A) and upper (B) molar of the new docodont with designation of cusps (occlusal view). Reconstructed broken areas are shaded. Cusp designation follows Butler (1988).

Fig. 2 in Turtle tracks from the Late Jurassic of Asturias, Spain

Fig. 2. Schematic drawing of the tracks from the Quintueles cliffs (Villaviciosa) site (m, manual print; p, pedal print). Specimen left in the outcrop.

Fig. 8. A in Turtle tracks from the Late Jurassic of Asturias, Spain

Fig. 8. A. Chelonipus torquatus Rühle von Liliestern, 1939. B. Emydhipus cameroi Vidarte et al., 2003. Emydhipus differs from Chelonipus in having the manual prints with evident parallel ungual traces, slightly internal and apparently always away in respect to the pedal ones. The different position of the manual prints in the trackways could be related to a different trackmakers anatomy and possibly to different vertebrate taxa.

Fig. 3 in Turtle tracks from the Late Jurassic of Asturias, Spain

Fig. 3. Turtle tracks from the Late Jurassic of Asturias. A. Manual print from Luces cliffs (Colunga) (MUJA 654). B. Pedal print from from Luces cliffs (Colunga) (MUJA 654). C–H. Prints from the main ichnoassemblage at Quintueles cliffs (Villaviciosa), manus−pes sets (C–E), manual prints (F, G), pedal print (H). I. Manual print from Oles ichnosite. J. Manus−pes set from Oles ichnosite (m, manual print; p, pedal print). C–J, left in the outcrop.

Fig. 10 in Turtle tracks from the Late Jurassic of Asturias, Spain

Fig. 10. Trackways of living terrestrial and marshy turtles. A. Testudo marginata in terrestrial walking on firm sand. B. Testudo hermanni in terrestrial walking on firm sand. C. Cuora amboinensis in terrestrial walking on firm mud. D. Emys orbicularis in terrestrial walking on firm mud. E. Emys orbicularis in bottom walking (shallow water) on very fine sand. F. Rhinoclemmys pulcherrima in terrestrial walking on firm mud. G. Rhinoclemmys pulcherrima in bottom walking on semi−liquid mud. (m, manual print; p, pedal print).