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463 results for “Orthocladiinae”
FIGURES 21–27 in Review of the genus Abiskomyia Edwards (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae), with description of new taxa from the Russian Far East and bordering territories
FIGURES 21–27. Abiskomyia korbokhon sp. nov. (21–26) and A. levanidovi sp. nov. (27), pupa (21–24) and larva of fourth instar (25–27). 21, shagreenation of tergites IV–V; 22, anal segment of male; 23, project of anal lobe; 24, spines of shagreen on tergite IV; 25, labral lamella; 26–27, mentum.
FIGURES 63–75 in Review of the genus Abiskomyia Edwards (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae), with description of new taxa from the Russian Far East and bordering territories
FIGURES 63–75. Abiskomyia virgo virgo Edwards, male (63–67) and pupa (68–75). 63, hypopygium in dorsal view; 64, basal part of wing; 65, flagellomeres 1–13; 66, gonostylus; 67, gonocoxite and gonostylus; 68, 70–75, project of anal lobe; 69, anal segment of male. Figs. 63, 65–68, 70–75—50 µm; Figs. 64–65, 69—200 µm.
FIGURES 1–5 in Review of the genus Abiskomyia Edwards (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae), with description of new taxa from the Russian Far East and bordering territories
FIGURES 1–5. Abiskomyia korbokhon sp. nov., male. 1–2, hypopygium in dorsal view; 3, spurs and tibial comb of hind leg; 4, gonocoxite and gonostylus in ventral view; 5, antenna. Scale bars: Figs. 1–4—50 µm; Fig. 5—200 µm.
FIGURE 6 in Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
FIGURE 6. Metriocnemus eurynotus associated with Impatiens sp. cotyledons. a. cotyledon with mine containing two larvae; b–f. larvae in mines; g. two larvae in mine; h. three larvae in mine; i. two larvae interacting; j. older larvae feeding externally; k. pupa on cotyledon surface; l. reared adult female.
FIGURE 7 in Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
FIGURE 7. Metriocnemus sp. "Oregon", larva (a–c). a. habitus; b. antenna; c. labrum and premandible; d. mandible; e. mentum; f. posterior portion of the larva.
FIGURE 4 in Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
FIGURE 4. Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov., larvae and leaf mines on Erythranthe spp. (a–d), larvae and mines on Veronica sp. (e–h). a. on E. glabrata; b. on E. guttata; c. on E. moschata (larva establishing new mine); d. on E. moschata; e. larva in newly established leaf mine; f. larva mining leaf; g. larvae in new leaf mines; h. larva in stem mine, with mining in the adjacent petiole.
FIGURE 12 in Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
FIGURE 12. Secondary inhabitants in leaf mines of Metriocnemus erythranthei on Veronica sp. a., larva of M. eurynotus (upper left) and two larvae of M. erythranthei (center and upper right); b., larva of Limnophyes sp. (prob. L. viribus) (lower left) in vacated mine.
FIGURE 3 in Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
FIGURE 3. Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov., pupa (a–c), larval (d–h). a. frontal apotome; b. abdominal tergites; c. abdominal sternites; d. habitus; e. antenna; f. labrum and premandible; g. mandible; h. mentum.
FIGURE 2 in Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
FIGURE 2. Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov., female (a–d). a. antenna; b. wing; c. genitalia ventral view; d. genitalia, dorsal view.
FIGURE 5 in Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
FIGURE 5. Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov., pupation on Veronica sp. (a–e), adults (f–g). a. pupa in leaf mine; b. same; c. pupa in stem mine; d. pupal exuviae protruding from leaf mine; e. leaf mine opened to show vacated pupation site, with larval exuviae and gelatinous mass; f. female reared from Erythranthe glabrata; g. male reared from Veronica sp.
FIGURE 1 in Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
FIGURE 1. Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov., male (a–d). a. tentorium; b. thorax; c. wing; d. hypopygium.
FIGURE 8 in Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
FIGURE 8. Comparison of some characteristics of Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. (a, c, e, g) and Metriocnemus eurynotus (Holmgren, 1883) (b, d, f, h). a–b. male antenna; c–d. male hypopygium; e–f. female last flagellomere; g–h. larval mentum. Scale bars are 50 µm.
FIGURE 11 in Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
FIGURE 11. Limnophyes viribus sp. nov., larva (a–f). a. habitus; b. antenna; c. labrum and premandible; d. mandible; e. mentum; f. posterior portion of the larva.
FIGURE 10 in Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
FIGURE 10. Limnophyes viribus sp. nov., female (a–e). a. head; b. thorax; c. wing; d. genitalia ventral view; e. genitalia, dorsal view.
FIGURE 13. Paraphaenocladius exagitans. a in Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
FIGURE 13. Paraphaenocladius exagitans. a. frass-covered cocoon and pupal exuviae on Marchantia polymorpha thallus; b. adult female.
Figure 5 from: Imada Y (2020) A novel leaf-rolling chironomid, Eukiefferiella endobryonia sp. nov. (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae), highlights the diversity of underwater chironomid tube structures. ZooKeys 906: 73-111. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47834
Figure 5 Summary of the biology of chironomids, with special focus on their tube structures. Some taxa without apparent tube structures (F, G) are included to give some accounts of their biology. Rock material-bound type (A–D): A three types of tubes, U-shaped (left), J-shaped (middle), and open-ended (right), built by the mud-dwelling species Chironomus plumosus, redrawn from McLachlan and Cantrell (1976)B larval (left) and pupal (right) tubes of Orthocladius (Euorthocladius) rivulorum, redrawn from Taylor (1903). CRheotanytarsus rivulorum, redrawn from Walshe (1951)DRheotanytarsus reissi, encrusted to form tufa, redrawn from Burmeister and Reiss (2003). Tubes on symbiotic animals (E–H): EEukiefferiella brulini on Ancylus fluviatilis, redrawn from Moubayed-Breil and Ashe (2013)FSymbiocladius sp., an obligate parasite of the heptageniid mayfly Heptagenia lateralis, redrawn from Codreanu (1939)GTonnoirocladius commensalis (Tonnoir), which is commensal to the larvae of the net-winged midge (Blephariceridae), redrawn from Tonnoir (1922)H silk tube of a Neotropical species of Eukiefferiella phoretically attached to Cryphocricos peruvianus De Carlo (Naucoridae), in which the open-ended tube is made between the meso- and meta-thoracic coxae of the host, redrawn from Roback (1977). Tubes on/within plants, algae, cyanobacteria (I–L): I silk tube made among algae by the marine species Clunio takahashii, shown in copula, redrawn from Hashimoto (1976)J a cone-shaped net constructed in the leaf mine of Endochironomus, redrawn from Walshe (1951)K a tunnel made by Cricotopus nostocicola in a spherical colony of cyanobacteria, Nostoc parmelioides, redrawn from Brock (1960)L a case formed by leaf-rolling on the shoots of Fontinalis mosses by Eukiefferiella endobryonia sp. nov., based on this study. Portable cases (M–P): M a solid tube composed of fine detritus constructed by Stempellinella minor, redrawn from Brundin (1948)N a tubular, firmly constructed case armored with diatoms and rhizopod shells constructed by Zavrelia pentatoma, redrawn from Lauterborn (1905)O a slightly curved, conifer needle case of Micropsectra pharetrophora, redrawn from Fittkau and Reiss (1998)P a laterally flattened purse case with concentric growth strips constructed by Lauterborniella agrayloides, redrawn from Lauterborn (1905).
Figure 3 from: Imada Y (2020) A novel leaf-rolling chironomid, Eukiefferiella endobryonia sp. nov. (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae), highlights the diversity of underwater chironomid tube structures. ZooKeys 906: 73-111. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47834
Figure 3 A Bayesian phylogeny based on the COI dataset. Information on the sequences used for this analysis is shown in Table 1. Bayesian Posterior Probabilities were given on each node. Caution is needed to interpret the phylogenetic relationship between and among the members of the species groups (e.g., devonica group, consisting of E. devonica and E. ilkleyensis) included herein, due to the scarcity of available genetic data of the species belonging to the genus Eukiefferiella.
Figure 2 from: Imada Y (2020) A novel leaf-rolling chironomid, Eukiefferiella endobryonia sp. nov. (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae), highlights the diversity of underwater chironomid tube structures. ZooKeys 906: 73-111. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47834
Figure 2 Eukiefferiella endobryonia sp. nov., fourth-instar larva and pupa. Larva (A–C): A general appearance of larva B larval antenna, maxilla and mandible, lateral view C mentum. Pupa (D, E): D pupa, ventral aspect E ditto, dorsal aspect. Abbreviations (larva). Abl: accessory blade; Ap: anterior parapods; As: anal seta; Bl: blade; M: mentum; Mx: maxilla; Pc: procercus; Pm: premandible; Pp: posterior parapods; Ro: ring organ; Sa: supraanal seta; Si: seta interna; Ssd: seta subdentalis; Ta: anal tubules. Abbreviations (pupa). Al: anal lobe; Am: anal macroseta; Ho: orally curved hooklets. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (C), 1 mm (A).
Figure 4 from: Imada Y (2020) A novel leaf-rolling chironomid, Eukiefferiella endobryonia sp. nov. (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae), highlights the diversity of underwater chironomid tube structures. ZooKeys 906: 73-111. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47834
Figure 4 Biology of Eukiefferiella endobryonia sp. nov. A a colony of Fontinalis dalecarlica growing on the sides of pebbles in a gently flowing inlet connected to Mountain Lake, VA, USA (type locality) B a colony of Fontinalis novae-angliae occurring in a rapidly flowing stream at Sparks Lane, TN, USA C early fourth-instar larva, undulating its body in the tube D immature capsule of Fontinalis dalecarlica attached to the stem underwater E fourth-instar larva F fourth-instar larva feeding on a leaf margin of F. dalecarlicaG a tube structure of the third-instar larva, which was mainly built from particles from the feces of mature larvae H amorphous, jelly-like silk mass spotted with detritus and diatoms, ripped off of the inner wall of the inner end of the pupal case I a dissected leaf-rolling case, consisting of five leaves and the resident pupa; the leaves used as the case materials are placed in the order of leaf arrangement, with the outermost leaf at the left-most; the innermost leaf (right next to the pupa) contains the head capsule (white arrow) and exuvium of the fourth-instar larva; some debris (pink arrow) and silk mass (black arrow) stuffed in at both ends can be seen J a pupa in its case: the pupal head is oriented toward the distal end of the shoot tip; most of the leaves near the pupal case were consumed by the larva early in the fourth instar stage.
Figure 1 from: Imada Y (2020) A novel leaf-rolling chironomid, Eukiefferiella endobryonia sp. nov. (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae), highlights the diversity of underwater chironomid tube structures. ZooKeys 906: 73-111. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47834
Figure 1 Eukiefferiella endobryonia sp. nov., adult. A Female head B male antenna C thorax D right wing E hypopygium with tergite IX and with left gonocoxite and gonostylus, in dorsal view with gonostylus (left) and in ventral view without gonostylus (right) F female genitalia, dorsal (left) and ventral view (right) G female tergum IX. Abbreviations (adult). Al: alula; An: anal vein; Ap: antepronotum; Aps: antepronotals; B: brachiolum; C: costa; Ca: coxapodeme; Ce: cercus; Cl: clypeus; Co: cornua; Cp: cibarial pump; Csa: coxosternapodeme; Dc: dorsocentrals; F: fulcrum; Gc: gonocoxite; Gca: gonocozapodeme; Gc IX: gonocoxite IX; Gp IX: gonapophysis IX; Gs: gonostylus; H: humerals; Ivo: inferior volsella; Ll: labial lonchus; No: notum; Pa: prealars; Pha: phallapodeme; Pm: palpal segments; Pn: postnotum; Ps: pseudospurs; Sa: sternapodeme; Sc: subcosta; Sca: seminal capsule; Scts: scutellars; Scu: scutum; Se: spermathecal eminence; Spt: scopula thoracalis; Sq: squama; T IX: tergum IX.
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