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635 results for “comparative phylogenetics”
FIGURE 9 in Reassessment of the phylogenetic position of the spiny-scale pricklefish Hispidoberyx ambagiosus (Teleostei: Hispidoberycidae) based on comparative morphology
FIGURE 9. Lateral aspects of upper jaw and anterior part of suspensorium in Rondeletia loricata, HUMZ 130180, 76.8 mm. LPR, ligamentum primordium; M, maxilla; MPL, median palato-maxillary ligament; PAL, palatine. Scale indicates 5 mm.
FIGURE 16 in Reassessment of the phylogenetic position of the spiny-scale pricklefish Hispidoberyx ambagiosus (Teleostei: Hispidoberycidae) based on comparative morphology
FIGURE 16. Lateral aspect of urohyal in (A) Hispidoberyx ambagiosus, HUMZ 194634, 180.7 mm SL, (B) Stephanoberyx monae, HUMZ 230037, 88.8 mm SL, (C) Melamphaes typhlops, USNM 248477, 70.8 mm SL, (D) Neoniphon sammara, HUMZ 40434, 151.8 mm SL, (E) Beryx decadactylus, HUMZ 47735, 219.6 mm SL, and (F) Hoplostethus mediterraneus, NSMT-P 43389, 140.7 mm SL. C shown as mirror image. Scales indicate 5 mm.
Data from: Phylogenetic comparative methods for evaluating the evolutionary history of function-valued traits
Phylogenetic comparative methods offer a suite of tools for studying trait evolution. However, most models inherently assume fixed trait values within species. Although some methods can incorporate error around species means, few are capable of accounting for variation driven by environmental or temporal gradients, such as trait responses to abiotic stress or ontogenetic trajectories. Such traits, often referred to as function-valued or infinite-dimensional, are typically expressed as reaction norms, dose–response curves, or time plots and are described by mathematical functions linking independent predictor variables to the trait of interest. Here, I introduce a method for extending ancestral state reconstruction to incorporate function-valued traits in a phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS) framework, as well as extensions of this method for testing phylogenetic signal, performing phylogenetic analysis of variance (ANOVA), and testing for correlated trait evolution using recently proposed multivariate PGLS methods. Statistical power of function-valued comparative methods is compared to univariate approaches using data simulations, and the assumptions and challenges of each are discussed in detail.
Figure 18 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 18. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Silurichthys hasseltii (Siluriformes: Siluridae), MZUSP 63489 (69.9 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve removed. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis.
Figure 3 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 3. Primary sections of the divided adductor mandibulae of teleosts. Left side muscle and associated structures in hypothetical teleost in (A) lateral and (B) medial views.
Figure 2 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 2. Unspecialized adductor mandibulae of teleosts. Left side muscle and associated structures in hypothetical teleost in (A) lateral and (B) medial views.
Figure 1 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 1. Categories of the morphological synapomorphies delimiting the 180 major groups of the Teleostei listed in Wiley & Johnson (2010).
Figure 8 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 8. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Halosaurus pectoralis (Notacanthiformes: Halosauridae), USNM 317567 (518 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; BPM, buccopalatal membrane; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis; RMT, ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve.
Figure 7 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 7. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Albula vulpes (Albuliformes: Albulidae), LIRP 7427 (189.3 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views; ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve removed. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis.
Figure 5 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 5. Most common secondary sections of the adductor mandibulae of teleosts. Left side muscle and associated connective tissues in hypothetical teleosts. Subdivided malaris in (A) lateral and (B) medial views; (C) subdivided rictalis in lateral view; (D) subdivided stegalis in medial view; and (E) subdivided mentalis in medial view.
Figure 4 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 4. Subdivisions of the intersegmental aponeurosis of teleosts. Left side adductor mandibulae and associated structures of hypothetical teleost in medial view.
Figure 25 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 25. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Osmerus mordax (Salmoniformes: Osmeroidei: Osmeridae), USNM 395752 (119.5 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; BPM, buccopalatal membrane; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis; RMT, ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve.
Figure 22 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 22. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Xenodermichthys copei (Argentiniformes: Alepocephalidae), MZUSP 86570 (88.3 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; BPM, buccopalatal membrane; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis; RMT, ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve.
Figure 21 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 21. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Argentina striata (Argentiniformes: Argentinidae), MZUSP 17914 (130.8 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis; RMT, ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve.
Figure 24 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 24. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Esox americanus (Salmoniformes: Esocoidei: Esocidae), USNM 237253 (158.1 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve removed. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; BPM, buccopalatal membrane; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis.
Figure 17 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 17. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Xenocharax spilurus (Characiformes: Distichodontidae), AMNH 230302 (95.2 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve removed. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; BPM, buccopalatal membrane; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis.
Figure 16 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 16. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of (A) Raiamas senegalensis (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), USNM 271201 [93.0 mm standard length (SL)] and (B) Carassius auratus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), MZUSP 112353 (44.2 mm SL). Left sides in lateral view. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; RMT, ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve.
Figure 12 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 12. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Denticeps clupeoides (Clupeiformes: Denticipitidae), MZUSP 84776 (33.9 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Arrow indicates shorter set of fibres with more anterior origin possibly representing the posteroventral limit of the stegalis. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis; RMT, ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve.
Figure 14 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 14. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Chanos chanos (Gonorynchiformes: Chanidae), USNM 173572 (147.3 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral, (B) medial, and (C) dorsal views; ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve removed. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis.
Figure 11 in The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications
Figure 11. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Osteoglossum ferreirai (Osteoglossiformes: Osteoglossidae), USNM 300966 (58.3 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis; RMT, ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.