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448 results for “evolutionary morphology”
Fig. 5 in Morphological trait evolution in Solanum (Solanaceae): Evolutionary lability of key taxonomic characters
Fig. 5. Evolution of labile morphological traits (vegetative) in Solanum with 50–100 transitions based on species-level analysis using stochastic character mapping. A, Specialised underground organs; B, Prickles; C, Trichome structure; D, Leaf division. Results from the best model are shown for each character (see Table 1 and suppl. Table S4 for details) based on 200 simulations. The topology used for mapping was derived from a supermatrix phylogeny with nine loci (two nuclear and seven plastid loci; Gagnon & al., 2022) with 725 species sampled and coded for each trait (58% of all species). All minor clades are labelled; tips reflect the crown nodes of each minor clade. Piecharts indicate likelihood of modelled ancestral states along the nodes, and frequency bars (tips) reflect proportion of species sampled within each clade with each state.
Fig. 2 in Morphological trait evolution in Solanum (Solanaceae): Evolutionary lability of key taxonomic characters
Fig. 2. Phylogeny of Solanum highlighting the informally named infrageneric clades based on Bayesian analysis of 742 Solanum species (60% of total known diversity) with two nuclear and seven plastid regions by Gagnon & al. (2022). Infrageneric clades are colour-coded and numbered reflecting the currently recognised major and minor clades of Solanum (Table 1): bright red shades highlight minor clades within VANAns clade, dark reds DulMo, blues Potato clade, purples Brevantherum, orange shades Geminata, yellows Cyphomandra, purple Wendlandii-Allophyllum, pink Nemorense, and green shades indicate minor clades within the large Leptostemonum clade. Nodes without circles have maximum branch support (1.0 posterior probability), nodes with black circles strong support (≥0.95), and nodes with white circles moderate to weak support (0.75–0.94). Dashed lines indicate nodes with nuclear-plastome discordance highlighted in Gagnon & al. (2022) collapsed in our analyses. A, Minor clades 1–7 (Thelopodium, Valdiviense, ANS [African Non-Spiny], Normania, Archaeosolanum, Dulcamaroid, Morelloid); B, Minor clades 8–17 (Regmandra, Pteroidea, Herpystichum, S. oxycoccoides, Anarrichomenum, Articulatum, Basarthrum, Etuberosum, Tomato, Petota); C, Minor clades 18–27 (S. anomalostemon, Trachytrichium, Gonatotrichum, Inornatum, Brevantherum, Reductum, Geminata, S. graveolens, Cyphomandropsis, Pachyphylla); D, Minor clades 28–46 (Allophyllum, Wendlandii, Nemorense, S. polygamum, Acanthophora, Lasiocarpa, Gardneri, Thomasiifolium, Erythrotrichum, Sisymbriifolium, Crinitum, Androceras, S. campechiense, Carolinense, Bahamense, Micracantha, Asterophorum, S. multispinum, Torva); E, Minor clades 47–49 (S. euacanthum, Elaeagnifolium, EHS [Eastern Hemisphere Spiny]).
Fig. 7 in Morphological trait evolution in Solanum (Solanaceae): Evolutionary lability of key taxonomic characters
Fig. 7. Evolution of conserved morphological traits in Solanum with 10–49 transitions based on species-level analysis using stochastic character mapping. A, Corolla bilateral symmetry; B, Anther shape; C, Pedicel articulation; D, Fruit type; E, Stone cells. Results from the best model are shown for each character (see Table 1 and suppl. Table S4 for details) based on 200 simulations. The topology used for mapping was derived from a supermatrix phylogeny with nine loci (two nuclear and seven plastid loci; Gagnon & al., 2022) with 725 species sampled and coded for each trait (58% of all species). All minor clades are labelled; tips reflect the crown nodes of each minor clade. Piecharts indicate likelihood of modelled ancestral states along the nodes, and frequency bars (tips) reflect proportion of species sampled within each clade with each state.
Fig. 6 in Morphological trait evolution in Solanum (Solanaceae): Evolutionary lability of key taxonomic characters
Fig. 6. Evolution of labile morphological traits (reproductive) in Solanum with 50–100 transitions based on species-level analysis using stochastic character mapping. A, Inflorescence position; B, Inflorescence branching; C, Sexual system; D, Stamen heteromorphism; E, Trichomes on mature fruits; F, Fruiting calyx modifications. Results from the best model are shown for each character (see Table 1 and suppl. Table S4 for details) based on 200 simulations. The topology used for mapping was derived from a supermatrix phylogeny with nine loci (two nuclear and seven plastid loci; Gagnon & al., 2022) with 725 species sampled and coded for each trait (58% of all species). All minor clades are labelled; tips reflect the crown nodes of each minor clade. Piecharts indicate likelihood of modelled ancestral states along the nodes, and frequency bars (tips) reflect proportion of species sampled within each clade with each state.
Fig. 6 in Reconstruction of Evolutionary History of Pleurostomatid Ciliates (Ciliophora, Litostomatea, Haptoria): Interplay of Morphology and Molecules
Fig. 6. Quartet likelihood mapping showing distribution of phylogenetic signal in the 18S rRNA gene alignment for three possible relationships among pleurostomatid families. Coding of groups: A – Amphileptidae, E – Epiphyllidae, L – Litonotidae, O – outgroup.
Data from: Evolution of morphological integration in the skull of Carnivora (Mammalia): changes in Canidae lead to increased evolutionary potential of facial traits
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Data from: Rate of evolutionary change in cranial morphology of the marsupial genus Monodelphis is constrained by the availability of additive genetic variation
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Data from: Early evolutionary differentiation of morphological variation in the mandible of South American caviomorph rodents (Rodentia, Caviomorpha)
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Data from: Unraveling the evolutionary radiation of the families of the Zingiberales using morphological and molecular evidence
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Data from: Evolutionary novelties and losses in geometric morphometrics: a practical approach through hominin molar morphology
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Data from: Combined morphological and phylogenomic re-examination of malawimonads, a critical taxon for inferring the evolutionary history of eukaryotes.
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Data from: Morphological integration in the hominin dentition: evolutionary, developmental, and functional factors.
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Evolutionary and morphological patterns underlying carnivoran body shape diversity
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Data from: Toward synthesizing our knowledge of morphology: using ontologies and machine reasoning to extract presence/absence evolutionary phenotypes across studies
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Data from: Integrating restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) with morphological cladistic analysis clarifies evolutionary relationships among major species groups of bee orchids
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Data from: Effects of mass extinction and recovery dynamics on long-term evolutionary trends: a morphological study of Strophomenida (Brachiopoda) across the Late Ordovician mass extinction
Mass extinctions affect the history of life by decimating existing diversity and ecological structure and creating new evolutionary and ecological pathways. Both the loss of diversity during these events and the rebound in diversity following extinction had a profound effect on Phanerozoic evolutionary trends. Phylogenetic trees can be used to robustly assess the evolutionary implications of extinction and origination. We examine both extinction and origination during the Late Ordovician mass extinction. This mass extinction was the second largest in terms of taxonomic loss but did not appear to radically alter Paleozoic marine assemblages. We focus on the brachiopod order Strophomenida, whose evolutionary relationships have been recently revised, to explore the disconnect between the processes that drive taxonomic loss and those that restructure ecological communities. A possible explanation for this disconnect is if extinction and origination were random with respect to morphology. We define morphospace using principal coordinate analysis (PCO) of character data from 61 Ordovician-Devonian taxa and their 45 ancestral nodes, defined by a most parsimonius reconstruction in Mesquite. A bootstrap of the centroid of PCO values indicates that genera were randomly removed from morphospace by the Late Ordovician mass extinction, and new Silurian genera were clustered within a smaller previously unoccupied region of morphospace. Diversification remained morphologically constrained throughout the Silurian and into the Devonian. This suggests that the recovery from the Late Ordovician mass extinction resulted in a long-term shift in strophomenide evolution. More broadly, recovery intervals may hold clues to understanding the evolutionary impact of mass extinctions.
Figure 1 from: Hua B, Jiang L, Yue C (2014) Larval morphology of Panorpodes kuandianensis (Insecta, Mecoptera, Panorpodidae) and its evolutionary implications. ZooKeys 398: 69-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.398.6675
Figure 1 - First instar larva of Panorpodes kuandianensis. Scale bar = 200 µm.
Data from: Effects of mass extinction and recovery dynamics on long-term evolutionary trends: a morphological study of Strophomenida (Brachiopoda) across the Late Ordovician mass extinction
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Fig. 15 in Unveiling the morphology of the Oriental rare monotypic ant genus Opamyrma YAMANE, BUI & EGUCHI, 2008 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Leptanillinae) and its evolutionary implications, with first descriptions of the male, larva, tentorium, and sting apparatus
Fig. 15: Scanning electron microscope images of larval mouthparts and prothoracic surface of Opamyrma hungvuong, nontype (AKY05vii17-06, China, Guangxi). (A) left maxilla in dorsal view; (B) labrum in ventral view; (C) labium in ventral view; (D) cuticular spinules on prothorax. Abbreviations: Gl = galea; Lbp = labial palp; Lbr = labrum; Mdb = mandible; Mxp = maxillary palp.
Fig. 4 in Unveiling the morphology of the Oriental rare monotypic ant genus Opamyrma YAMANE, BUI & EGUCHI, 2008 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Leptanillinae) and its evolutionary implications, with first descriptions of the male, larva, tentorium, and sting apparatus
Fig. 4: Tentorium of Opamyrma hungvuong worker, nontype (AKY05vii17-06, China, Guangxi). (A) anterior part of dorsal sclerite of cranium in dorsal view; (B) part of dorsal sclerite of cranium around right antennal socket with anterior part of tentorium, in inner ventral view; (C) part of ventral sclerite of cranium with posterior part of tentorium in inner dorsal view; (D) right half of tentorium in dorsal view (lacking posterior tentorial arm). Abbreviations: Ata = anterior tentorial arm; Atp = anterior tentorial pit; Ct = corpotendon; Dta = dorsal tentorial arm; Ep = external plate; Ip = internal plate; Lclp = lateral portion of clypeus; Mdb = mandible; Occ = occipital carina; Pgr = postgenal ridge; Pta = posterior tentorial arm; Ptg = peritorular groove; Ptp = posterior tentorial pit; Tb = tentorial bridge.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.