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FIGURE 3 in Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China
FIGURE 3. Basidiobolus ranarnm (KUMCC 21-0467). a–c Appearance of colonies on PDA. d–e The branched hypha with zygospores stained by cotton blue reagent. f–g Zygospore with characteristic beak stained by cotton blue reagent. h Thick-walled zygospores stained by cotton blue reagent. i–k Producing meristospores stained by cotton blue reagent. Scale bars: d, e = 50 μm, f, g = 30 μm, h–k = 20 μm.
FIGURE 1. a in Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China
FIGURE 1. a The dead Asian House Gecko specimen, with infected areas on the forehead F-5, neck F-1, and inflamed right forelimb F-4 indicated. b, c Fungal mycelium infecting gecko's skin. d, e Inflamed right forelimb.
FIGURE 2 in Three interesting fungal species associated with the Asian House Gecko in Kunming, China
FIGURE 2. Phylogram generated from maximum likelihood analysis based on a combined LSU, ITS, rpb2 and mtSSU sequence datasets. Related sequences were taken from Gryganskyi et al. (2013), Nie et al. (2020) and Al-Hatmi et al. (2021). The 14 strains are included in the combined gene analyses; 3258 total characters including gaps (LSU: 1–1021 bp, ITS: 1022–1745 bp, rpb2: 1746–2590 bp, mtSSU: 2591–3258 bp). Tree topology of the ML analysis was similar to the BI. The matrix had distinct alignment patterns, with the final ML optimization likelihood value of -10673.579273 (ln). All free model parameters were estimated using the RAxML model, with 586 distinct alignment patterns and 21.73% undetermined characters or gaps. Estimated base frequencies were as follows: A = 0.280858, C = 0.195362, G = 0.257773, T = 0.266007, with substitution rates AC = 1.709550, AG = 4.063199, AT = 2.099405, CG = 1.130856, CT = 8.827188, GT = 1.000000. The gamma distribution shape parameter alpha = 0.109274 and the Tree-Length = 4.770478. The final average standard deviation of split frequencies at the end of total MCMC generations were calculated as 0.009712 in BI analysis. The species determined in this study are indicated in red. Bootstrap values equal to or greater than 70% (ML, left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI, right) equal to or greater than 0.90 are given at the nodes. Hyphens (-) represent support values less than 70% in ML/0.90 in BI.
Hotspots within a hotspot: Evolutionary measures unveil interesting biogeogeographic patterns for the conservation of the coastal forest in Chile
<p><span><strong>Aim</strong>:</span><span> Given the continuous loss of biodiversity, there is an urgent need to study its patterns to generate conservation measures. Complementing the traditional patterns with indices that incorporate evolutionary aspects such as phylogenetic diversity or phylogenetic endemism (PD and PE) allows us to infer possible historical processes that could explain the conformation of current biodiversity. Coastal forests in Chile are part of a biodiversity hotspot of high endemism that is under threat. In this study, patterns of richness and endemism were determined and contrasted with the evolutionary indices PD, PE, PDres (residual PD), RPD (relative PD), and RPE (relative PE) to infer historical processes that could have shaped the current diversity patterns. We also compared these indices at different taxonomic levels.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Location</span></strong><span>: Thirteen sites on a latitudinal gradient between 30°S and 40°S that are part of the Chilean Coastal mountain range.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Taxon</strong>:</span><span> Woody flora at the species level.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods</strong>:</span><span> DNA was extracted and three genes were sequenced for 95% of the species. A phylogeny was constructed to calculate evolutionary indices based on PD and PE and compared at different taxonomic levels. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span>The results of PD and PE were spatially consistent with those of richness and endemism, but evolutionarily important sites were discovered. PD-derived indices indicate three evolutionary hotspots, a cradle-type site with a predominance of neoendemisms (generating recent diversity) at 33°S, two museum-type sites with a predominance of paleoendemisms (maintaining relict diversity) at 30°S and 40°S and the last one with high PD and PE at 37°.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Main conclusion</strong>:</span><span> We found interesting evolutionary hotspots within the hotspot of Central Chile with different characteristics. Incorporating measures that consider the evolutionary aspect has important implications for the conservation of highly diverse and endemic areas.</span></p>
FIGURE 2. a in On some interesting Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae and Acrididae from tropical Africa
FIGURE 2. a) Lateral view of the holotype of Mangomaloba latipennis; b) the same, dorsal view of the stridulatory area; c) the same, spur on the mid tibiae (cf. arrow), typical character of the genus Morgenia (photos by L. Desutter-Grandcolas). The habitus and morphological characters allow to synonymize Mangomaloba latipennis with Morgenia rubricornis.
FIGURE 1. a in On some interesting Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae and Acrididae from tropical Africa
FIGURE 1. a) Eulioptera bartolozzii n. sp. left lateral view; b) the same, right lateral view; c) the same, dorsal view of the stridulatory area; d) the same, stridulatory file under the left tegmen; e) the same, lateral view of the subgenital plate and cerci; f) ventral view of the subgenital plate; g) dorso-lateral view of the subgenital plate and cerci; h) Eulioptera zambesiana, lateral view of the subgenital plate and cerci; i) Eulioptera montana, lateral view of the subgenital plate and cerci; j) Eulioptera r. reticulata, lateral view of the subgenital plate and cerci; k) Eulioptera monticola, dorso-lateral view of the subgenital plate and cerci.
FIGURE 3. a in On some interesting Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae and Acrididae from tropical Africa
FIGURE 3. a) Mangomaloba excavata n. sp., habitus of the male; b) the same, dorsal view of the stridulatory area; c) the same, stridulatory file under the left tegmen; d) the same, cerci and subgenital plate in lateral view; e) the same, subgenital plate and cerci in dorsal view (the arrow shows the particular shape of cerci); f) the same, subgenital plate and cerci in dorso-lateral view; g) the same, subgenital plate and cerci in ventral view.
Interest in insect die-off and intention for action using Google trends
<p><span>1. The publication of "More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas" by Hallmann et al. in October 2017 gained vast media coverage in Germany. The insect crisis as conservation topic has received little attention among the public before, but since media influences people's awareness, we investigated i) whether the study publication induced </span><span>increased awareness among the German public for insect die-off, and ii) whether it contributed to people's intentions to undertake insect protecting actions. </span></p> <p><span>2. We used Google Trends to examine the people's internet activity in terms of keywords relevant to our research question.</span></p> <p><span>3. A high peak in Google searches for insect die-off (Insektensterben) was indeed visible just after the study publication, and search volume remained significantly higher for the following six months, confirming that the topic gained attention. </span></p> <p><span>4. Searches for the three keywords insect hotel, bee friendly and bee meadow increased significantly over the summers of the years 2017 to 2019. This suggests that intentions to undertake these simple insect protecting actions rose as well. The results propose that media should use the window of opportunity opened by shocking news about a crisis to spread information on feasible counteractions. </span></p> <p><span>5. </span><span>Due to the prevailing topicality in the media and the already increased awareness and willingness to action among the population, conservation organizations can take advantage of the situation by communicating practical conservation measures to the general public in cooperation with media agencies or via own channels such as press releases and social media campaigns.</span></p> <div> <div> <div class="msocomtxt"></div> </div> </div>
FIGURE 2 in An interesting new species of Conocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae) from Argentina
FIGURE 2. Conocephalus cinnamonifrons and its song (holotype male): A. oscillogram showing 20 s of continuous calling (11 March 2020, 0:51 h, 23.2°C), B. beginning of this same fragment, C. end of syllable train and first three isolated syllables from beginning of same fragment, D. linear spectrogram, E. in situ prior to catch.
FIGURE 1 in An interesting new species of Conocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae) from Argentina
FIGURE 1. Conocephalus cinnamonifrons (holotype male): A. dorsal and B. lateral view (scale bars 10 mm), C. stridulatory area (scale bar 1 mm), D. left cercus in dorsal view (scale bar 1 mm).
FIGURE 4 in An interesting new species of Conocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae) from Argentina
FIGURE 4. Distribution of Conocephalus cinnamonifrons known so far: A,B. own observations from 4 sites near La Plata and one near Atalaya, as well as 10 observations from 8 sites found on iNaturalist (a single record from Entre Ríos near Concordia, the southernmost records are from near Mar del Plata: Sierra de los Padres and Sierra de los Difuntos), C. area where most of the observations were made.
FIGURES 17–20 in An interesting sexually dimorphic species, Neoribates isabelaensis sp. nov. (Acari, Oribatida, Parakalummidae) with remarks on sexual dimorphism in Oripodoidea
FIGURES 17–20. Neoribates isabelaensis sp. nov., adult: 17—fEmalE, dorsal viEW; 18—malE, dorsal viEW; 19—fEmalE, postErior viEW; 20—malE, postErior viEW. ScalE bar 60 µm.
FIGURES 13–16 in An interesting sexually dimorphic species, Neoribates isabelaensis sp. nov. (Acari, Oribatida, Parakalummidae) with remarks on sexual dimorphism in Oripodoidea
FIGURES 13–16. Neoribates isabelaensis sp. nov., adult: 13—lEg I, right, antiaxial viEW; 14—gEnu, fEmur and trochantEr of lEg II, right, antiaxial viEW; 15—gEnu, fEmur and trochantEr of lEg III, lEft, antiaxial viEW; 16—lEg IV, lEft, antiaxial viEW. ScalE bar 20 µm.
FIGURES 6–7 in An interesting sexually dimorphic species, Neoribates isabelaensis sp. nov. (Acari, Oribatida, Parakalummidae) with remarks on sexual dimorphism in Oripodoidea
FIGURES 6–7. Neoribates isabelaensis sp. nov., adult, postErior viEW: 6—malE; 7—fEmalE. ScalE bar 100 µm.
FIGURES 8–12 in An interesting sexually dimorphic species, Neoribates isabelaensis sp. nov. (Acari, Oribatida, Parakalummidae) with remarks on sexual dimorphism in Oripodoidea
FIGURES 8–12. Neoribates isabelaensis sp. nov., adult: 8—malE, postErior part of body, latEral viEW; 9—fEmalE, postErior part of body, latEral viEW; 10—subcapitulum of fEmalE, vEntral viEW; 11—palp of fEmalE, right, antiaxial viEW, and postpalpal sEta; 12—chElicEra of fEmalE, right, antiaxial viEW. ScalE bars 50 µm (8, 9), 15 µm (10–12).
FIGURES 3–5 in An interesting sexually dimorphic species, Neoribates isabelaensis sp. nov. (Acari, Oribatida, Parakalummidae) with remarks on sexual dimorphism in Oripodoidea
FIGURES 3–5. Neoribates isabelaensis sp. nov., adult: 3—malE, prodorsum (latEral sidEs not shoWn), frontal viEW; 4— fEmalE, postErior part of notogastEr, dorsal viEW; 5—malE, antErior part of body, latEral viEW. ScalE bar 50 µm.
FIGURE 2 in An interesting sexually dimorphic species, Neoribates isabelaensis sp. nov. (Acari, Oribatida, Parakalummidae) with remarks on sexual dimorphism in Oripodoidea
FIGURE 2. Neoribates isabelaensis sp. nov., adult: malE, vEntral viEW (gnathosoma and lEgs not shoWn). ScalE bar 50 µm.
FIGURE 6 in Eudorylaimus kahaqensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Dorylaimida: Qudsianematidae), an interesting new species from Iran
FIGURE 6. Lip region of Eudorylaimus kahaqensis sp. n. (SEM). A: SubVentral VieW. B: Sublateral VieW. C: En face VieW. (Scale bar = 2 µm.)
FIGURE 5 in Eudorylaimus kahaqensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Dorylaimida: Qudsianematidae), an interesting new species from Iran
FIGURE 5. Eudorylaimus kahaqensis sp. n. (Male, LM). A: Entire. B–D: Spicules. E, H: Caudal region. F, G: Posterior body region. (Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B–D, E, H = 10 µm; F, G = 50 µm.)
FIGURE 4 in Eudorylaimus kahaqensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Dorylaimida: Qudsianematidae), an interesting new species from Iran
FIGURE 4. Eudorylaimus kahaqensis sp. n. (Anterior and neck regions, LM). A, B: Anterior region in lateral, median VieW. C: Pharyngeal expansion. D: Neck region. E: Lip region and amphid in lateral, surface VieW. F: Coelomocyte a short distance behind the nerVe ring. G: Posterior half of pharyngeal expansion and pharyngo-intestinal junction shoWing S1N2, S2N and dorsal cell mass. H: Posterior part of pharyngeal expansion and pharyngo-intestinal junction shoWing S2N and dorsal cell mass. I, J: Dorsal cell mass at leVel of pharyngo-intestinal junction. (Scale bars: A, B, F, I, J = 10 µm; C = 50 µm; D = 100 µm; E = 5µm; G, H = 20 µm.)
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.