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FIGURE 5 in Descriptions of three new species of the harvestmen genus Pseudogagrella (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae) from Taiwan, supported by morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 5. Pseudogagrella sauteri sp. nov., male (holotype, NCHUZOOL 14837). A, ectal aspect of left pedipalp, arrow indicates a spine-tipped tubercle; B, Medial aspect of left pedipalp; C, medial aspect of left pedipalp (female paratype, NCHUZOOL 14842); D, E, dorsal and lateral views of ocularium, arrow indicates to the front; F, G, ventral and lateral views of penis; H, seminal receptacle (paratype, NCHUZOOL 14842); I, dorsal view of supra-chelicera lamellae; J, medial aspect of left chelicera; K, ectal aspect of left chelicera. s: stylus; g: glans; ap: alate part. A–C, F, G, I–K, scale = 1 mm; D, E, scale = 0.5 mm, H, scale = 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Descriptions of three new species of the harvestmen genus Pseudogagrella (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae) from Taiwan, supported by morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 1. Pseudogagrella dorsomaculata sp. nov., male (holotype, NCHUZOOL 14879). A, B, medial and ectal aspect of left pedipalp; C, medial aspect of left pedipalp (female paratype, NMNS-7707-002); D, E, dorsal and lateral views of ocularium, arrow indicates to the front; F, G, ventral and lateral views of penis; H, seminal receptacle (paratype, NCHUZOOL 14880); I, dorsal view of supra-chelicera lamellae; J, medial aspect of left chelicera; K, ectal aspect of left chelicera. s: stylus; g: glans; ap: alate part. A–C, F, G, I–K, scale = 1 mm; D, E, scale = 0.5 mm, H, scale = 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 6 in Descriptions of three new species of the harvestmen genus Pseudogagrella (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae) from Taiwan, supported by morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 6. Pseudogagrella sauteri sp. nov. A, B, dorsal and lateral views of the holotype male (NCHUZOOL 14837); C, D dorsal and lateral views of the female (paratype, NCHUZOOL 14840); E, F, color in live, male (E) and female (F).

FIGURE 4 in Descriptions of three new species of the harvestmen genus Pseudogagrella (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae) from Taiwan, supported by morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 4. Pseudogagrella nigridorsa sp. nov. A, B, dorsal and lateral views of male (holotype, NCHUZOOL 14843); C, D dorsal and lateral views of female (paratype, NCHUZOOL 14845); E, color in live, male.

FIGURE 3 in Descriptions of three new species of the harvestmen genus Pseudogagrella (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae) from Taiwan, supported by morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 3. Pseudogagrella nigridorsa sp. nov., male (holotype, NCHUZOOL 14843). A, B, medial and ectal aspect of left pedipalp; C, medial aspect of left pedipalp (female paratype, NCHUZOOL 14846); D, E, dorsal and lateral views of ocularium, arrow indicates to the front; F, G, ventral and lateral views of penis; H, seminal receptacle (paratype, NCHUZOOL 14846); I, dorsal view of supra-chelicera lamellae; J, medial aspect of left chelicera; K, ectal aspect of left chelicera. s: stylus; g: glans; ap: alate part. A–C, F, G, I–K, scale = 1 mm; D, E, scale = 0.5 mm, H, scale = 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Descriptions of three new species of the harvestmen genus Pseudogagrella (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae) from Taiwan, supported by morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 2. Appearance of Pseudogagrella dorsomaculata sp. nov. A, B, dorsal and lateral views of male (holotype, NCHUZOOL 14879); C, D, dorsal and lateral views of female (paratype, NCHUZOOL 14880); E, F, color in live, male (E, F) and female (F).

FIGURE 1 in A century in synonymy: molecular and morphological evidence for the revalidation of Glyptosternon osсhanini (Herzenstein, 1889) (Actinopterygii: Sisoridae)

FIGURE 1. Glyptosternon oschanini from the Ak-Buura River, Osh province Kyrgyzstan. FMNH 130568, 103.5 mm SL.

FIGURE 4 in A century in synonymy: molecular and morphological evidence for the revalidation of Glyptosternon osсhanini (Herzenstein, 1889) (Actinopterygii: Sisoridae)

FIGURE 4. CO1 gene tree of G. oschanini and allies as inferred by Bayesian analysis. Numbers at nodes represent Bayesian posterior probabilities.

FIGURE 4 in Possible amphi-Atlantic dispersal of Scyllarus lobsters (Crustacea: Scyllaridae): molecular and larval evidence

FIGURE 4. Scyllarus subarctus, Phyllosoma final stage (PHMF 92). (A) ventral view, (B) dactylus of first pereiopod, (C) dactylus of second pereiopod, (D) dactylus of third pereiopod, (E) dactylus of fourth pereiopod, (F) left side of thorax, dorsal view, (G) detailed view of distal part of proximal exopod segment. Scale bars: A = 2 mm; B-F = 1 mm; G = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Possible amphi-Atlantic dispersal of Scyllarus lobsters (Crustacea: Scyllaridae): molecular and larval evidence

FIGURE 2. Scyllarus subarctus, Phyllosoma stage VII (PHMF 13, PHMF 51). (A) ventral view, (B) dactylus of first pereiopod; (C) dactylus of second pereiopod, (D) dactylus of third pereiopod, (E) dactylus of fourth pereiopod. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B-E = 500 µm.

FIGURE 3 in Possible amphi-Atlantic dispersal of Scyllarus lobsters (Crustacea: Scyllaridae): molecular and larval evidence

FIGURE 3. Scyllarus subarctus, Phyllosoma subfinal stage (PHMF 56, PHMF 48, SNECII-E89_02). (A) ventral view, (B) dactylus of first pereiopod, (C) dactylus of second pereiopod, (D) dactylus of third pereiopod, (E) dactylus of fourth pereiopod. Scale bars: A = 42 mm; B-E = 500 µm.

FIGURE 6 in Possible amphi-Atlantic dispersal of Scyllarus lobsters (Crustacea: Scyllaridae): molecular and larval evidence

FIGURE 6. Scyllarus subarctus, (A)–(C) maxilla and first maxilliped, (D)–(F) second maxilliped, (H)–(K) third maxilliped, (L)–(N) pleon and fifth pereiopod, ventral view, (O) pleopods of stage VII, subfinal and final stage respectively. Scale bars: A, B, D, H and I = 500 µm; C, E, F, G, L, M and O = 1 mm; N = 2 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Possible amphi-Atlantic dispersal of Scyllarus lobsters (Crustacea: Scyllaridae): molecular and larval evidence

FIGURE 1. Molecular Phylogenetic tree obtained by Maximum Likelihood. Only bootstrap support values above 80 are shown. Larval images adapted from Robertson (1968a, 1968b, 1971) and Palero et al. (2008, 2011).

FIGURES 1–6 in Molecular and morphological evidence reveals three species within the California sister butterfly, Adelpha bredowii (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Limenitidinae)

FIGURES 1–6. Adults of Adelpha bredowii from Mexico, collected by A. D. Warren. Figs. 1 (dorsal), 2 (ventral), female, from Oaxaca: Mpio. Teotitlán del Valle / Díaz Ordaz: Rd. to Benito Juárez, ca. 8–10 mi N Teotitlán del Valle, ca. 8000', 22-VIII-2003, DNA voucher KLP238. Figs. 3 (dorsal), 4 (ventral), male, from same locality and date as female in Figs. 1–2, DNA voucher KLP244. Figs. 5 (dorsal), 6 (ventral), male, from Durango: Mpio. El Salto: Hwy. 40 at La Fragüita, 2350m., 29-IV-1998, DNA voucher KLP264.

FIGURES 24–26 in Molecular and morphological evidence reveals three species within the California sister butterfly, Adelpha bredowii (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Limenitidinae)

FIGURES 24–26. Female genitalia of A. bredowii, A. eulalia, and A. californica, in ventral view. Fig. 24 (Mexico: Guerrero: Cueva del Borrego, 5-XI-1985) of A. bredowii. Fig. 25 (Mexico: Chiapas: Montebello, IX-1947) of A. eulalia. Fig. 26 (USA: California: Siskiyou County: nr. McCloud, 24-VI-1967) of A. californica.

FIGURES 13–16 in Molecular and morphological evidence reveals three species within the California sister butterfly, Adelpha bredowii (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Limenitidinae)

FIGURES 13–16. Adults of Adelpha californica from Oregon, USA, collected by A. D. Warren. Figs. 13 (dorsal), 14 (ventral), female, from Josephine County: Illinois River Road vic. Deer Creek, ca. 3 rd. mi W Selma, 1400', 25-VI-2000. Figs. 15 (dorsal), 16 (ventral), male, from Josephine County: Upper Powell Creek, 5 rd. mi SW Provolt, 11-VII-2003, DNA voucher KLP271.

FIGURES 18–23 in Molecular and morphological evidence reveals three species within the California sister butterfly, Adelpha bredowii (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Limenitidinae)

FIGURES 18–23. Male genitalia of A. bredowii, A. eulalia, and A. californica, showing genital capsule in left-lateral view (with left valve attached), inner surface of right valve, tegumen and uncus in dorsal view, and penis in left-lateral and dorsal views. Figs. 18 (Mexico: Mexico State: km. 14, carretera Ocuilan – Cuernavaca, 15-III-1990), 19 (Mexico: Oaxaca, Xiacui, 22-III-1992) of A. bredowii. Figs. 20 (Mexico: Puebla: Apulco, XI-1944; vesica slightly everted), 21 (Mexico: Chihuahua: Mesa de la Arena, 13-XI-1972) of A. eulalia. Figs. 22 (USA: California: Siskiyou County: nr. McCloud, 24-VI-1967), 23 (USA: California: Maricopa County: Yosemite National Park, 14-VI-1961) of A. californica.

FIGURES 7–12 in Molecular and morphological evidence reveals three species within the California sister butterfly, Adelpha bredowii (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Limenitidinae)

FIGURES 7–12. Adults of Adelpha eulalia from Arizona and Mexico, collected by A. D. Warren. Figs. 7 (dorsal), 8 (ventral), female, from USA: Arizona: Cochise County: Huachuca Mountains, Garden Canyon, 4-X-1997. Figs. 9 (dorsal), 10 (ventral), male, from same locality and date as female in Figs. 7–8. Figs. 11 (dorsal), 12 (ventral), male, from Mexico: Oaxaca: Mpio. Teotitlán del Valle / Díaz Ordaz: Rd. to Benito Juárez, ca. 8–10 mi N Teotitlán del Valle, ca. 8000', 22-VIII-2003, DNA voucher KLP253.

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FIGURE 3. Species tree. A in Molecular evidence of the taxonomic status of western Mexican populations of Phaethornis longirostris (Aves: Trochilidae)

FIGURE 3. Species tree. A) Time divergence estimates in years (HPD and 95% confidence interval). B) Densitree showing all trees of the *BEAST analysis. Intensity depicts the congruence among different topologies and branch lengths.