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Prevalence and Characterization of Asymptomatic Thyroid Nodules in Assin North District, Ghana
<p><strong>Study design and sampling </strong></p> <p>The study was cross-sectional involving six (6) communities in the Assin North District of the Central Region of Ghana. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the University of Cape Coast, Ghana, with this reference number: UCCIRB/EXT/2017/18. All community entry protocols with local authorities were observed before the study commenced. Further, protocol involving informed consent was also duly observed during and after this study. Both verbal and written consent were obtained from each participant prior to participation. Participation in the study was strictly on voluntary basis.</p> <p>Each of these six (6) communities was considered a stratum in which all households were listed to constitute a sampling frame from which the respective number of households in each community were sampled using systematic random sampling technique. The sampling interval (<em>K</em><sup>th</sup>) in each community was determined by dividing the total number of listed households (N) by the number of households respectively require (n) (based on proportion-to-population size) as shown in Table 1. The simple random sampling technique was then employed to select the first household (<em>i</em><<em>K</em>) in each community, from which every <em>K</em><sup>th</sup> household was selected until the expected number of households in each community was met. One eligible consenting participant in each selected household was then randomly selected for the study. In a few instances where there were no consenting or eligible participant, the next household on the roll was considered.</p> <p>Exclusion criteria included participants with anterior neck swelling or clinical evidence of thyroid disease, smokers, persons on lithium, phenytoin, oral contraceptive drugs, and women during menstruation, pregnant women or women who had delivered within the last 12 months and persons with any systemic disorder</p> <p><strong>Data collection</strong></p> <p>Data collection was conducted in July, 2019 in two phases. The first phase consisted of face-to-face interviews with participants using a structured interview guide to elicit socio-demographic information such as age, sex, marital status, and highest level of education; history dietary salt intake (often intake- at least 5g or one teaspoon of iodized salt per day and not often intake- less than 5g or one teaspoon of iodized salt per day or not at all); and history of alcohol intake (yes- consumed alcohol regardless of quantity and no- had not consume alcohol before). Anthropometric measurements of body weight (kg) and height (cm) were measured using standard anthropometric techniques and further computed to generate measures of body surface area (BSA) and body mass index (BMI). Data collection in the phase was conducted by six (6) trained research assistants from UCCSMS and duly supervised by key investigators (listed authors) of the study.</p> <p>The second phase of the data collection mainly focused on diagnostic imaging of the thyroid gland by a specialist radiologist with over five (5) working experience in thyroid examination using various imaging technologies. A screening center was staged in each of the study communities on different days while ensuring that such days did not conflict with market days or other important community events. Participants who were interviewed at the household level were given an identification chit to present with to the screening stage for easy synchronization of their interview data with thyroid data. Given that ultrasound has been recognized as the initial imaging modality of choice for the early detection of thyroid nodules [2,9,22,23], a real-time ultrasound scanner (MEDISON SA8000SE-MAI, 1003 Dachi-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul Korea) with a 7.5 MHz, 50 mm linear transducer was used in examining the thyroid gland of study participants.</p> <p>Participants were examined while in a supine position with hyperextended cervical spine. Ultrasound gel was applied over the thyroid area with the transducer directly placed on the skin over the thyroid gland. Longitudinal and transverse scans were performed, to obtain length and width in centimeters, of each thyroid nodule. If there were multiple nodules in a single thyroid lobe only the dimensions of the largest were recorded. Documented characteristics of thyroid nodules included the location of nodules in the thyroid lobe; number of nodules (solitary or multiple), nodule composition (cyst, solid or mixed), calcifications, and nodule size (length and width in centimeters). Out of the 343 participants interviewed in the initial phase of the data collection, 23 participants failed showed up for the thyroid screening in the second phase despite countless attempts to contact them. Hence the current study is based on 320 participants who were successfully interviewed and screened.</p> <p><strong>Statistical analysis</strong></p> <p> The data was captured using SPSS and later exported to STATA 11.0 for further management and analysis. A protocol was designed from the outset for imputing, ensuring data quality and preserving of data for reuse. Descriptive statistics including frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation were used to summarize participants’ socio-demographic and thyroid characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with ATN. Odds ratios and corresponding confidence intervals were reported with statistical significance at p < 0.05</p>
Impact of Meteorological Factors on the Mesoscale Morphology of Cloud Streets during a Cold Air Outbreak over the western North Atlantic
<ul> <li>Supporting datasets for paper "Impact of Meteorological Factors on the Mesoscale Morphology of Cloud Streets during a Cold Air Outbreak over the western North Atlantic". </li> <li>Those are a subset of the (analyzed) datasets from WRF control simulation "ERA5" in netcdf format. See manuscript for more details. <ul> <li>cld_size.nc: cloud object size</li> <li>cld_ort_2020-03-01_15_00_00.nc: cloud object at 15:00 UTC</li> <li>hydro-02-2020-03-01_15/00/00.nc: water path sample data at 15:00 UTC</li> <li>wrfout_d02_2020-03-01_15/00/00: wrf output sample data at 15:00 UTC</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
High-resolution, mixed layer NCP estimates and ancillary data from the Central and Eastern North American Arctic: 2015, 2018, 2019
<p><strong>Dataset overview</strong></p> <p>This dataset contain ship-based, high-resolution (underway) estimates of mixed layer net community production (NCP) and ancillary data from three summertime cruises in the Central and Eastern North American Arctic in 2015, 2018 and 2019. NCP estimates were derived from underway O2/Ar observations, obtained using ship-based membrane inlet mass spectrometry. Ancillary data include geospatial information (time, location), surface and depth-resolved hydrography and biogeochemical observations, and select output from a simulation of an oceanographic circulation model, based on the NEMO framework.</p> <p>Please cite as:</p> <p>Izett, R. and Tortell, P. 2021. High-resolution, mixed layer NCP estimates and ancillary data from the Central and Eastern North American Arctic: 2015, 2018, 2019 (Dataset). Zenodo. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5593381.</p> <p>This dataset is supplement to:</p> <p>Izett, R. W., Castro de la Guardia, L., Chanona, M., Myers, P. G., Waterman, S, and Tortell, P. D. Impact of vertical mixing on summertime net community production in Canadian Arctic and Subarctic waters: Insights from in situ measurements and numerical simulations. </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>We present ΔO<sub>2</sub>/Ar-based estimates of mixed layer net community production (NCP) from three summer cruises in the North American Arctic and Subarctic oceans. Coupling shipboard underway and discrete observations with output from an ocean circulation model, we correct the NCP estimates for vertical mixing fluxes impacting the surface O<sub>2</sub> budget. Large positive mixing fluxes, exceeding 100 mmol O<sub>2</sub> m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>, were derived in regions of strong wind-driven mixing, such as the Labrador Sea, and in the physically-dynamic Canadian Arctic Archipelago. In contrast, flux corrections were small (<10 mmol O<sub>2</sub> m<sup>-2 </sup>d<sup>-1</sup>, on average) in the density-stratified Baffin Bay, where mixing was low, and parts of the well-mixed Hudson Strait, where vertical O<sub>2</sub> gradients were weak. The distribution of corrected NCP was highly heterogenous across the study region, reflecting varying contributions of nutrient supply, freshwater input and sea ice dynamics. Elevated NCP was apparent in the Labrador Sea, Hudson Strait, and nearshore regions influenced by glacial meltwater and recent ice retreat. Low NCP and localized net heterotrophy occurred in Baffin Bay, and near strong freshwater and organic matter sources in Hudson Bay and the Queen Maud Gulf. A multiple linear regression model developed using available oceanographic data explained ~58 % of the observed NCP variability. Our work demonstrates the spatially explicit influence of vertical mixing on ΔO<sub>2</sub>/Ar-based NCP calculations across varied hydrographic conditions, and presents a novel approach to account for this process. This study contributes new knowledge of biological productivity distributions in under-sampled, rapidly changing, high-latitude waters.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Lay summary</strong></p> <p>Net community production (NCP; i.e., net organic matter production) constrains the ocean’s ability to support marine ecosystems and remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. A common approach to estimating NCP involves measurements of upper ocean oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) concentrations. However, while vertical mixing may be a significant component of the surface water O<sub>2</sub> budget in some regions, applications of this approach typically do not quantify the magnitude of this flux, which can lead to potentially inaccurate NCP estimates. In this paper, we introduce a method combining ship-based measurements and the output from an ocean circulation model to refine NCP calculations for vertical mixing effects in North American Arctic and Subarctic oceans. The dataset reveals high NCP in the Labrador Sea (Inuktitut: <em>Lâbradorip Imappinga</em>), North Atlantic, Hudson Strait (<em>Ikirasarjuaq</em>) and northern Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA), and low values in Baffin Bay (<em>Saknirutiak Imanga</em>) and southern CAA. Riverine freshwater input to Hudson Bay (<em>Tasiujarjuar</em>) and the Queen Maud Gulf (<em>Ugjulik</em>) can reduce local NCP, while glacial meltwater may stimulate NCP elsewhere. Overall, this work provides a new NCP dataset in an under-sampled region. Similar studies will be necessary to document changes in biological productivity in response to changing environmental conditions in polar waters.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p> <p>This work was supported by the ArcticNet and MEOPAR Networks of Centres of Excellence Canada, Polar Knowledge Canada, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and Compute Canada.</p> <p>Hydrography and ancillary oceanographic data were provided by the Amundsen Science group of Université Laval.</p> <p>The model simulation was run by P. Myers (University of Alberta).</p> <p>The underway gas data were collected by R. Izett & P. Tortell (University of British Columbia)</p> <p>All data were archived by R. Izett. </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Files and variables:</strong></p> <p>data_yyyy (data provided in NetCDF and Matlab format; "yyyy" denotes sampling year): Ship-board observations and derived quantities.</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td><em>Variable</em></td> <td><em>Description </em></td> <td><em>Unit</em></td> </tr> <tr> <td>time</td> <td>UTC YYYY Julian Day (year-day since YYYY-01-01)</td> <td>UTC Days</td> </tr> <tr> <td>lat</td> <td>Latitude N</td> <td>Decimal degrees N</td> </tr> <tr> <td>long</td> <td>Longitude E</td> <td>Decimal degrees E</td> </tr> <tr> <td>dist</td> <td>Along-track distance</td> <td>km</td> </tr> <tr> <td>reg_index</td> <td>Regional index</td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>region_mask_lat</td> <td>Latitude for region indices mask</td> <td>Decimal degrees N</td> </tr> <tr> <td>region_mask_long</td> <td>Longitude for region indices mask</td> <td>Decimal degrees E</td> </tr> <tr> <td>region_mask</td> <td>Regional masks</td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>sst</td> <td>Sea surface temperature measured in the instrument laboratory</td> <td>deg. C</td> </tr> <tr> <td>sal</td> <td>Sea surface salinity measured in the instrument laboratory</td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>chl_fluor</td> <td>Calibrated mixed layer Chl a fluorescence in the instrument laboratory</td> <td>(mg Chl a)/m3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>do2ar</td> <td>Biological O2 saturation anomaly, deltaO2/Ar</td> <td>%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>kwo2</td> <td>Weighted O2 gas transfer velocity</td> <td>m/d</td> </tr> <tr> <td>bioflux_ncp</td> <td>Bioflux-NCP</td> <td>mmol O2/m2/d</td> </tr> <tr> <td>cor_ncp</td> <td>corrected-NCP</td> <td>mmol O2/m2/d</td> </tr> <tr> <td>uw_kz</td> <td>Underway model-based eddy diffusivity at the base of the mixed layer</td> <td>m2/s</td> </tr> <tr> <td>bling_ncp</td> <td>BLING model-based mixed layer NCP, matched to underway cruise time/position</td> <td>mmol O2/m2/d</td> </tr> <tr> <td>prof_time</td> <td>UTC 2015 Julian Day (year-day since 2015-01-01) at CTD profile stations</td> <td>UTC Days</td> </tr> <tr> <td>prof_lat</td> <td>Latitude N at CTD profile stations</td> <td>Decimal degrees N</td> </tr> <tr> <td>prof_long</td> <td>Longitude E at CTD profile stations</td> <td>Decimal degrees E</td> </tr> <tr> <td>prof_dist</td> <td>Along-track distance at CTD profile stations</td> <td>km</td> </tr> <tr> <td>prof_reg_index</td> <td>Regional index at CTD profile stations</td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>prof_do2bdz</td> <td>Subsurface O2b gradient, dO2B/dZ at CTD profile stations</td> <td>mmol O2/m4</td> </tr> <tr> <td>prof_mld</td> <td>Mixed layer depth, calculated at CTD profile stations</td> <td>m</td> </tr> <tr> <td>prof_pycnocline_dep</td> <td>Pycnocline depth, calculated at CTD profile stations</td> <td>m</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p>nemo_yyyy (data provided in NetCDF format only; "yyyy" denotes sampling year): 4-dimensional gridded NEMO model output. </p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>Varaible</td> <td>Description </td> <td>Unit</td> </tr> <tr> <td>time</td> <td>Model time, UTC YYYY Julian Day (year-day since YYYY-01-01)</td> <td>UTC Days</td> </tr> <tr> <td>lat</td> <td>Latitude N</td> <td>Model Decimal degrees N</td> </tr> <tr> <td>long</td> <td>Longitude E</td> <td>Model Decimal degrees W</td> </tr> <tr> <td>depth_grid_kz</td> <td>kz depth</td> <td>m</td> </tr> <tr> <td>depth_grid</td> <td>depth</td> <td>m</td> </tr> <tr> <td>kz</td> <td>Eddy diffusivity coefficient</td> <td>m2/s</td> </tr> <tr> <td>T</td> <td>Temperature</td> <td>deg-C</td> </tr> <tr> <td>sal</td> <td>Salinity</td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>oxy</td> <td>Oxygen concentration</td> <td>mol O2/m3</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p>ArcticNet2003-2014_derived_quantities (data provided in NetCDF format only): Derived quantities from ArcticNet sampling.</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>Varaible</td> <td>Description </td> <td>Unit</td> </tr> <tr> <td>time</td> <td>UTC; Days since 2010-01-01</td> <td>UTC Days</td> </tr> <tr> <td>lat</td> <td>Latitude N</td> <td>Decimal degrees N</td> </tr> <tr> <td>long</td> <td>Longitude E</td> <td>Decimal degrees E</td> </tr> <tr> <td>reg_index</td> <td>Regional index</td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>prof_do2bdz</td> <td>Subsurface O2b gradient, dO2B/dZ at CTD profile stations</td> <td>mmol O2/m4</td> </tr> <tr> <td>prof_mld</td> <td>Mixed layer depth, calculated at CTD profile stations</td> <td>m</td> </tr> <tr> <td>prof_pycnocline_dep</td> <td>Pycnocline depth, calculated at CTD profile stations</td> <td>m</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Satellite monthly surface chlorophyll-a concentration, particulate backscattering, Secchi Disk depth, Mixed Layer Depth, Sea Surface Temperature at 25 km resolution optimally interpolated for the North Atlantic Ocean (1998-2018)
<p>Satellite monthly records of surface chlorophyll-a concentration (CHL), particulate backscattering at 443nm (bbp), Secchi Disk depth (zsd), Mixed Layer Depth (MLD), Sea Surface Temperature (SST) at 25 km resolution optimally interpolated via Multivariate Singular Spectrum Analysis (MSSA) for the North Atlantic Ocean for the period 1998-2018. This dataset has been used for the article "Ultra-oligotrophic waters expansion in the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre revealed by 21 years of satellite observations" Leonelli et al. 2022, where details of interpolation method are fully explained.</p>
Time series measurements of nitrogen fixation in the subtropical North Pacific (extended through 2019)
<p>Rates of N<sub>2</sub> fixation were measured using the <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub> isotopic tracer technique. Sampling occurred during near-monthly Hawaii Ocean Time-series cruises. Whole seawater samples from six discrete depths (5, 25, 45, 75, 100, and 125 m) were subsampled into acid-washed 4.3 L polycarbonate bottles. The <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub> gas was first dissolved into seawater and 100 mL of the resulting <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>-enriched water was added to 4.3 L polycarbonate sampling bottles. The resulting atom % enrichment of stocks of <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>-enriched seawater was measured using a membrane inlet mass spectrometer. Incubation bottles amended with the <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub> tracer were attached to a free-drifting array and incubated at the discrete depths from which samples had been collected. The array was deployed before dawn and samples were incubated at in situ light and temperature for 24 h. After recovery of the array, the entire volume from each bottle was filtered onto a pre-combusted glass microfiber filter (Whatman 25 mm GF/F) and filters were placed onto pre-combusted pieces of foil in Petri dishes and stored frozen at -20°C. Filters were dried for 24 h at 60°C, pelleted, and the total mass of N and its isotopic signature on each filter were analyzed on an elemental analyzer-isotope ratio mass spectrometer (Carlo-Erba EA NC2500 coupled with ThermoFinnigan Delta S). </p>
Adebiyi etal: absorption of shortwave radiation by North African dust
<p>The codes and datasets contained here are for the paper with the information below<br> Titled: "North African dust absorbs substantially less solar radiation than estimated by climate models and remote-sensing retrievals"<br> Author: Adeyemi A. Adebiyi, Yue Huang, Bjørn H. Samset and Jasper F. Kok</p> <p>Please see the ReadMe.txt for additional details.</p> <p>------------------------<br> Corresponding Authors:<br> Adeyemi Adebiyi<br> Email: aaadebiyi@ucmerced.edu;<br> Department of Life and Environmental Sciences,<br> University of California-Merced,<br> 5200 North Lake Road Merced, CA 95343.</p>
Constructions of type "leat jođus", "leat johtimin" in North Saami and Inari Saami subcorpuses of SIKOR
<p>This data set contains the occurrences of constructions of types <em>leat jođus</em>, <em>leat johtimin</em> in North Saami and <em>leđe joođoost</em>, <em>leđe jotemin</em> in Inari Saami, extracted from the SIKOR korpus. The data is processed so that infinitive, illative and comitative complements of the construction have been marked out (based on original automated analysis of the corpus and corrected manually).</p> <p>The data is further analyzed in a paper published in <em>Journal de la Société Finno-Ougrienne</em> 98: <a href="https://doi.org/10.33340/susa.97223">https://doi.org/10.33340/susa.97223</a>.</p>
Map of Tigray's mineral resources (north Ethiopia) - Canadian and other international mining licences
<p>In Tigray, artisanal mining of gold in the low-lying areas with outcropping Precambrian rocks is one of the major off-farm income sources. The 17<sup>th</sup> C. Portuguese traveller Barradas had already mentioned gold production in Tembien. Rural youth seasonally migrate to inhospitable lowlands and gorges such as the largely uninhabited Weri’i River valley, to search for placer gold, washed out from weathered gold-containing quartz veins within the meta-sediments and meta-volcanics. In recent decades, large-scale gold exploration and mining of gold deposits has been carried out in various parts of Tigray by local (such as the Ezana Mining Development P.L.C.) and several foreign exploration companies particularly from Canada. Recently, The Ethiopia Cable exposed links between big Canadian mining interests and a renewed PR campaign (involving Canadian professor and lobbyist Ann Fitz-Gerald) to whitewash the Ethiopian and Eritrean governments. Earlier on, it had already been suggested that one of the reasons for the Canadian government being very late in officially addressing the atrocities in the ongoing Tigray war, might be related to the country’s mining interests in Tigray.</p> <p>Here we contextualise Tigray’s gold and base metal resources, and present a map of active and applied mineral exploration and mining licenses in Tigray. The largest exploration license areas are concessions of Canadian companies, followed by the U.S. and the United Kingdom.</p>
From 20,000 years ago to near present climate classification of North America
<p>For North America and most of Central America during 20, 14, 13, 11, 10, 7, 5, and 1 thousand years ago (ka) and recent years, I applied a Köppen-Trewartha classification system. I slightly modified the system by keeping the thermal classes for the dry classes, subdividing boreal and polar classes based on an ecological threshold of the number of months at 5 °C, and condensing the number of rare subclasses.</p> <p>Climate data were from:</p> <p>Lorenz, DJ, Nieto-Lugilde, D, Blois, JL, Fitzpatrick, MC and Williams, JW. 2016a. Downscaled and debiased climate simulations for North America from 21,000 years ago to 2100 AD. <em>Scientific Data</em>, 3, 1-19.</p> <p>Lorenz, DJ, Nieto-Lugilde, D, Blois, JL, Fitzpatrick, MC and Williams, JW. 2016b. Data from: Downscaled and debiased climate simulations for North America from 21,000 years ago to 2100AD. Dryad Dataset. Available at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.1597g [last accessed 01 December 2020].</p>
Data from: Cranial anatomy of the giant anteater from north-western Venezuela (Myrmecophaga tridactyla artata, Pilosa: Myrmecophagidae)
<p>Annotated R codes and datasets used in: Carrillo et al. 2022. Cranial anatomy of the giant anteater from north-western Venezuela (<em>Myrmecophaga tridactyla artata</em>, Pilosa: Myrmecophagidae). <em>Anartia</em></p>
Raw sequencing data PhD Mixoplankton spatio-temporal diversity and its environmental drivers in the North Sea
<p>Raw sequencing data PhD Mixoplankton spatio-temporal diversity and its environmental drivers in the North Sea</p>
Data, scripts and model output to perform spatiotemporal analysis of plankton drivers in the Belgian part of the North Sea
<p>This archive contains the input data, R scripts and final results of a mechanistic model that uses near real-time data from the Belgian Part of the North Sea (2011-2017) to quantify the relative contributions of the bottom-up and top-down drivers in phytoplankton dynamics. Input data are zooplankton and phytoplankton abundances, nutrients, Sea Surface Temperature (SST), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); from the LifeWatch data and infrastructure, funded by Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO). Water temperature data for one of the locations was obtained from Flemish Banks Monitoring Network at https://meetnetvlaamsebanken.be/. The R scripts are presented in a R Markdown file that can be executed in the Blue-Cloud Zoo and Phytoplankton EOV products Vlab at https://blue-cloud.d4science.org/web/zoo-phytoplankton_eov, operated by D4Science.org, www.d4science.org (Assante et al., 2019). </p>
Inventory data of woody plants surveyed and measured in North Senegal (Ferlo) in 2015-2017
<p>This dataset gathers measurements from field inventory on woody vegetation carried in the sylvo-pastoral zone of Ferlo (Senegalese Sahel) in 2015-2016-2017. The data consist of dendrometric measurements, location and species for 3215 woody individuals (trees, bushes, and shrubs) belonging to 25 species and 11 families.</p> <p><strong>Sites </strong></p> <p>The study sites are located in the Northern Sandy Pastoral Region of Senegal around the deep wells of Widou Thiengoly (15.99° N, 15.32° W) and Tessékéré (15.85° N, 15.06° W). The vegetation formation is an open savanna, with a relatively low woody cover.</p> <p>For the <strong>field work of 2015</strong>, we applied a stratified sampling according to the topography and the distance to the studied deep wells. We inventoried 139 plots of 0.25 ha each. The center of each plot was marked by a gps point. The plots were located at increasing distances from the boreholes: 2, 3.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 km (20 plots per distance). For each distance, we randomly selected at least six plots in depressions (43 plots in total), the other plots being located on slopes or on hilltops, with a total vertical drop of several meters (96 plots in total). Whenever possible, the plots in each category of topography were distributed between the two soil types. In total, 86 plots were allocated to the ferruginous soils and 53 plots to the sub-arid brown red soils. </p> <p>In<strong> 2016, </strong>additional woody plants were surveyed within 10 circular plots with a variable radius between 27 m and 52 m, so that at least 10 individuals were counted for each plot. <strong>In 2017, </strong>woody plants were surveyed within 30 square plots of 0.25 ha each. Woody individuals were all geotagged in 2016 and 2017. </p> <p><strong>Field measurements</strong></p> <p>Adults woody plants (with a circumference superior to 10 cm at ground level) were inventoried within square plots (2015, 2017) or circular (2016). Species name was identified for all individuals and recorded following the taxonomic referential of the African Plant Database (version 3.4.0). Three types of dendrometric measurements were performed on woody plants: (i) circumference, measured at 30 cm from ground level, except for shrubs for which circumference was measured at ground level; (ii) tree height, measured by an ultrasonic hypsometer Vertex IV (Haglof Inc.) (iii) two perpendicular crown diameters. GPS points were taken (GPSMAP 62, Garmin Inc.) at the center of each plot (for 2015) and, in some cases for each individual (2016-2017).</p> <p><strong>Data structure and metadata</strong></p> <p>Data are encoded in a single file, using comma-delimited format and UTF-8 encoding. Each row describes one individual woody plant with its corresponding measurements. The following table presents the variables (columns) contained in the dataset.</p> <p>Shapefile format is also available (same data as the .csv).</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Variable name</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Unit</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Definition</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Tree_id</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> <td> <p>Unique identifier of the individual, with a 13 characters length. The 4 characters following the “y” indicate the year of the inventory. For instance, “tr.y2015.0034” is referring to the woody plant number 34 inventoried in 2015.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Plot_id</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> <td> <p>Plot identifier</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Plot_area_ha</p> </td> <td> <p>ha</p> </td> <td> <p>Area of the inventoried plot</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Species</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> <td> <p>Genus, species, subspecies names and botanical authors</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Family</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> <td> <p>Family name</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Growth_form</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> <td> <p>Shrub, bush or tree</p> <p>Growth form expresses the extent of growth and the potential branching of the main-shoot axis. In this work, we refer to three types of growth form: shrub, bush and tree. A shrub refers to a small woody plant with a height below 2 meters and multi-stemmed. A tree designates a woody plant taller than 5 to 6 meters, generally presenting a single trunk. A bush, or a dwarf tree as in Pérez-Harguindeguy et al. (2013), is the intermediary between a shrub and a tree. Its height is usually between 2 to 6 meters and it is often multi-stemmed. Because of intra-specific traits variation, the mentioned growth form is valid for our study area.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Circ30_m</p> </td> <td> <p>m</p> </td> <td> <p>Circumference measured at 30 cm from ground level. “NA” indicates missing data (for the individuals measured in 2017).</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Height_m</p> </td> <td> <p>m</p> </td> <td> <p>Tree height. “NA” indicates missing data (for the individuals measured in 2017).</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Dcrown1_m</p> </td> <td> <p>m</p> </td> <td> <p>First diameter of the crown</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Dcrown2_m</p> </td> <td> <p>m</p> </td> <td> <p>Second diameter of the crown (perpendicular to the first diameter)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Geoloc_method</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> <td> <p>Geolocation method; indicates if it is the center of the plot which was geolocated (“geoloc.plot”, for individuals in 2015) or the woody plant (“geoloc.tree”, for 2016-2017).</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Lat_dd</p> </td> <td> <p>Decimal degrees</p> </td> <td> <p>North latitude of the plot if the geoloc_method == “geoloc.plot” and of the woody plant if the geoloc_method == “geoloc.tree”.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Long_dd</p> </td> <td> <p>Decimal degrees</p> </td> <td> <p>West longitude of the plot if the geoloc_method == “geoloc.plot” and of the woody plant if the geoloc_method == “geloc.tree”.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Topography</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> <td> <p>Local topography of the plot. Indicates if the plot is located within a depression (lowland) or on a hilltop.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Date</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> <td> <p>Date of the survey: dd-mm-yy</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p>
Multi-Sensor Ice Analysis Data: Analysis for Belgica Bank, North East Greenland 2019-20
<p>The intention is that this dataset can be used for machine learning and deep neural network training/validation, and it distinguishes sea ice concentration, type and form derived from manual analysis of a combination of different satellite sensors including ALOS-2, Sentinel-1, COSMO-SkyMed, Sentinel-2, and ICESAT-2. The region chosen for the analysis was the Belgica Bank area offshore of North East Greenland, as this is an area which experiences a wide variety of sea ice, and iceberg, conditions throughout the year. The dataset consists of two parts: 11 days of individual sea ice interpretations, one for each month in the period from April 2019 to March 2020, with the exception of October 2019, and iceberg surveys derived from Sentinel-2 for spring in 2019 and 2020. </p> <p>The dataset includes a user guide issued by MET Norway as report 10/2022 (see https://www.met.no/publikasjoner/met-report) in which the first part describes the data sources, nomenclature, file formats and data in the analysis. A second part of the report compares synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from both L-band ALOS-2 and C-band Sentinel-1 satellites, and identifies the visible synergies and anomalies. The results confirm that there are variations in backscatter signatures between ALOS-2 and Sentinel-1 data when comparing them for different sea ice situations and conditions. ALOS-2 data in many cases is proven to be a reliable and beneficial source of data when it comes to identifying icebergs, ridges, determining sea ice type, and also distinguishing ice and water compared to standalone Sentinel-1 data.</p>
Dataset for the ``Fast atmospheric response to a cold oceanic mesoscale patch in the north-western tropical Atlantic" publication
<p>The dataset presented here contains the files needed to produce the results presented in the publication "Fast atmospheric response to a SST mesoscale cold patch in the north-western subtropical Atlantic" submitted to the <em>Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</em>. The scripts that read and produce these files are publicly available at <a href="https://github.com/ClauClouds/SST-impact/">https://github.com/ClauClouds/SST-impact/</a> and can also be found in this repository (code_python.zip). This Zenodo data repository includes the following datasets:</p> <ul> <li> <p>Radiosonde data from 2-3 February 2020 (Stephan et al., 2021)</p> </li> <li> <p>Doppler lidar, and ARTHUS Raman lidar variables data from 2-3 February 2020,</p> </li> <li> <p>GOES-East (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite - East) Binary Cloud Mask (BCM) and Cloud Optical Depth (COD) products, provided at 2 km grid spacing every 10 minutes. They come from the GOES-R Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) (Schmit et al., 2017), available at <a href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/satellite/goes-r-series.Data">https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/satellite/goes-r-series.Data</a> and they are provided for the 2-3 February 2020.</p> </li> <li> <p>Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution (MUR) product (JPL MUR MEaSUREs Project, 2015,183 (Chin et al., 2017)) averaged between the 2nd and 3rdfor the 2nd of February 2020. The MUR product is an analysis product provided on a daily basis that combines different satellite (infrared at high and medium resolutions and microwave products) and in-situ data (Chin et al., 2017).</p> </li> <li> <p>W-band radar data post-processed for the purposes of the publication. The original W-band radar data used are publicly accessible at <a href="https://howto.eurec4a.eu/merian_cloudradar.html">https://howto.eurec4a.eu/merian_cloudradar.html</a> and can be downloaded via <a href="https://eurec4a.aeris-data.fr/">AERIS data portal</a>. See more details and specific DOI below.</p> </li> </ul> <p>The present dataset is structured as follows:</p> <ul> <li> <p>diurnal_cycle_removed_vars: files containing the time series of the variables without noise and diurnal cycle (filenames with extended dates 20200202 and 20200203)</p> </li> <li> <p>diurnal_cycle: files containing the diurnal cycle of each variable used in the publication</p> </li> <li> <p>binned_sst_vars: files containing variables binned in terms of SST, used to derive the plots in the paper.</p> </li> <li> <p>satellite_data: a folder containing all satellite data used in the publication</p> </li> </ul> <p>Additional data used in the publication, that are processed via the scripts contained in the link mentioned above, are available online at the following urls:</p> <ul> <li> <p>cloud radar observations can be directly obtained from the public dataset identifiable via DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.25326/235">https://doi.org/10.25326/235</a> (Acquistapace et al., 2022)</p> </li> <li> <p>ASCAT wind field data and corresponding MUR SST data are available from the NASA JPL PODAAC platform (<a href="https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/">https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/</a>)</p> </li> <li> <p>hourly ERA5 (Hersbach et al., 2020) gridded fields (available at https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/reanalysis-era5-pressure-levels?tab=form, last accessed March 2022) of the following variables: SST, water vapor mixing ratio, air temperature, and horizontal wind components. </p> </li> </ul> <p><br> </p> <p>References;</p> <p>Acquistapace et al., 2022, ESSD, <a href="https://doi.org/10.25326/235">https://doi.org/10.25326/235</a>.</p> <p>Schmit, T. et al., 2017, QJRMS, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00230.1">https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00230.1</a></p> <p>Hersbach et al., 2020, QJRMS, <a href="https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/qj.3803">https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/qj.3803</a></p> <p>Stephan et al., 2021, ESSD, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-491-2021">https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-491-2021</a></p> <p>Chin, T. M. et al., (2017), RS, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.07.029">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.07.029</a></p>
High temporal and spatial resolution emission inventory for maritime shipping emissions on the North Sea and Baltic Sea (2015)
<p>A temporally and spatially highly resolved emission inventory for the North Sea and Baltic Sea for the year 2015, created with current emission factors and ship activity data. The emissions inventory is available as 396 csv files, one for each day in 2015 and December 2014, grouped as monthly archives. </p> <p><strong>Note that due to the underlying ship activity data and the geographic boundaries, the time index in the <em>Datetime </em>column in the <em>ship_emissions_YYYYMMDD.csv</em> files is not equidistant.</strong> For example, since vessels leave the geographic area and reenter later, no data is available for the time the vessel is not within the area.</p> <p>The underlying model source code is available on Github, with a release of the associated version on Zenodo: [](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951672)</p> <p> </p>
Data on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus forms in a north temperate river, Rivière du Nord, Québec, Canada, from 2017 to 2019
<p>The Rivière du Nord was sampled at 13 sites along its mainstem once per season from summer 2017 to winter 2020. Sites are numbered by river kilometer (RKm) with the outlet being RKm 0. The dataset includes concentrations (ug/L or mg/L as noted) of total organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, total nitrogen, total dissolved nitrogen, nitrate, ammonium, dissolved organic nitrogen, total phosphorus, total dissolved phosphorus and particulate phosphorus. It also includes fluorescence metrics derived from PARAFAC EEMs: fluorescence intensities (in Raman units) of 5 dissolved organic matter components (C1-C5), and 5 indices (SUVA-254, CDOM, FI, b:a, HIX). We sampled an additional 12 sites to act as endmembers (5 mainly forested sites, 5 mainly agricultural sites, and 2 wastewater treatment plant measures).</p> <p>Data were used to calculate C:N:P stoichiometry in the paper "Different forms of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus influence ecosystem stoichiometry in a north temperate river across seasons and land uses" (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11960">https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11960</a>).</p> <p>Data were used to quantify changes in organic matter composition in the paper "Contrasting seasons and land uses alter riverine dissolved organic matter composition" (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-022-00979-9">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-022-00979-9</a>). </p>
Data from "Source characterization of the declared North Korean Nuclear Tests from regional distance coda wave spectral ratios"
<p>Results of the coda spectral ratio analysis presented in Delbridge et al. (2022).</p> <p>network_average_ratios.csv - a csv file which contains each of the network average ratios calculated from all channels and stations for each event pair and component.</p>
Organic Matter and Decomposition Rate Observational Data from Salt Marshes of North Carolina
<p>This data have been collected from salt marshes in Masonboro Island and Wrightsville Beach in NC, US, in 2015 and 2016.</p> <p>The data include organic matter percent, organic carbon percent, bulk density, decomposition rate, stabilization factor, marsh elevation and vegetation cover all along transects from the channel to the inner marsh.</p>
Nicosia, Cyprus. Bedesten, north side, eastern-most portal.
<p>Nicosia, Cyprus. Bedesten, north side, eastern-most portal, as documented in 1974 (after removal of shops).</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.