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opencc-by-4.0Sep 2024View details →

Influence of Nutritional Emulsifier (Egg lecithin) on growth, feed utilization and gut microbiota of Catla catla

Influence of Nutritional Emulsifier (Egg lecithin) on growth, feed utilization and gut microbiota of Catla catla

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2024View details →

Dataset: Effects of tree presence on forage yield and nutritive value in agroforestry livestock systems: a global systematic review

Simplified information retrieved from the materials and methods of 131 selected articles.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2024View details →

JUGA survey nutritional medicine

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

Fig. 6 in Nutritional restriction triggers callose accumulation on the sieve plates of the funiculus of developing bean seeds

Fig. 6. Immunolocalization of callose in the sieve tube plates of the funiculus. The presence of callose in the sieve plates was evaluated in funiculus of normally developed seeds (N) of 23 and 25 DAA.Callose deposition was also evaluated in funicles of seeds that continued (L), or stopped their development (S) after three and five days after fruits of 20 DAA were detached from the plant. Panels A–C and G–I correspond to callose immunolocalization fluorescence (red), while panels D–F, and J–L show the bright field merged with callose immunolocalization fluorescence. Bar = 5 μm.

Fig. 2 in Nutritional restriction triggers callose accumulation on the sieve plates of the funiculus of developing bean seeds

Fig. 2. Effect of nutrient restriction on the quality of the mature seeds. Protein (A) and starch (B) content, protein characteristics (C) and germination (D) of mature seeds developed under normal conditions (full bars and NC) or in fruits removed from the plant at 20 DAA (gray bars and R). For protein and starch, bars are the average ± SD, n = 5 independent determination. For germination, n = 3.

Fig. 8 in Nutritional restriction triggers callose accumulation on the sieve plates of the funiculus of developing bean seeds

Fig. 8. Scanning electron microscopy images of the funiculus sieve plates. Sieve plates in the funiculus of normally (N) developed seeds of 23 (A) and 25 DAA (D), seeds that continued (L, panels B and E), and seeds that stopped their development (S, panels C and F) after the fruits had been detached from the plant for 3 and 5 days, respectively. Arrows indicate the progressive reduction in the pore size in the funiculus of seed that no longer developed in detached fruits. Bar = 0.5 μm.

Fig. 1 in Nutritional restriction triggers callose accumulation on the sieve plates of the funiculus of developing bean seeds

Fig. 1. Effect of nutrient restriction on bean seed development. Pod dry weight (A), number (B) and dry weight (C) of seeds produced by fruit, and dry weight of individual seeds (D). Dotted bar correspond to fruits at 20 DAA, full and gray bar indicate fruits that reached physiological maturity attached to the plant, or removed from the plant at 20 DAA and incubated in the dark at 25 ̊C for 30 days, respectively. Bars are the average ± SD, n = 100. *** and ** indicate significant difference at P <.001 and 0.01, respectively as calculated by ANOVA statistical analysis for A, Mann–Whitney test for B, and t test for C and D.

Fig. 3 in Nutritional restriction triggers callose accumulation on the sieve plates of the funiculus of developing bean seeds

Fig. 3. Analysis of carbohydrate concentration in the bean fruits. The concentration of sucrose (A and D), glucose (B and E) and fructose (C and F), was determined in placenta (PL), funiculus (FUN), seed coat (SC) and cotyledon (COT) of seeds developed under normal conditions (full bar) for 23 (A–C) and 25 DAA (D–F); and seeds that were able or not to continue their development (gray and empty bars, respectively) in fruits detached from the plant at 20 DAA and analyzed 3 (A–C) and 5 (D–F) days after, respectively. Bars correspond to the analysis of five fruits from different plants ± SD. NS, not significant difference, *, ** and *** indicate significant difference at P <.05, 0.01 and 0.001, respectively, as indicated by ANOVA statistical analysis.

Fig. 5 in Nutritional restriction triggers callose accumulation on the sieve plates of the funiculus of developing bean seeds

Fig. 5. Analysis of sucrose distribution. Fruits incubated in sucrose [U-14C] were dissected (A), and the total incorporation in the placenta (PL), lower and upper funiculus (LF and UF, respectively), seed coat (SC) and cotyledon (C) sections was quantified (B). Full bars correspond to the analysis of fruits at 23 DAA developed under normal conditions. Gray bars indicate seeds that continued their development in fruits of the same age that were removed from the plant three days before the label experiment, and open bars indicate seed that did not continue their development in detached fruits. Bars correspond to the average of analysis of three biological replicates for placenta, funiculus and seed coat, and six for cotyledon ± SD. * and *** indicate significant differences at P <.05 and 0.001, respectively, as indicated by Kruskal–Wallis statistical analysis. Bar in panel A corresponds to 500 μm.

Fig. 7 in Nutritional restriction triggers callose accumulation on the sieve plates of the funiculus of developing bean seeds

Fig. 7. Quantification of the sieve plate thickness by callose immunodetection in the funiculus of developing seeds. Callose deposition in the funiculus of normally developed seeds of 23 and 25 DAA, and in seeds that continued (20 + 3 L and 20 + 5 L), or stopped their development (20 + 3S and 20 + 5S) after the fruits had been removed from the plant, was used to measure changes in the sieve plate thickness after 3 and 5 days following the detachment of the fruits from the plant. ** indicate significant differences at P ≤.01, according to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (n = 90 sieve plates per treatment).

opencc-zeroDec 2018View details →

Data from: Enamel hypoplasia and dental wear of North American late Pleistocene horses and bison: an assessment of nutritionally-based extinction models

Approximately 50,000 – 11,000 years ago many species around the world became extinct or were extirpated at a continental scale. The causes of the late Pleistocene extinctions have been extensively debated and continue to be poorly understood. Several extinction models have been proposed, including two nutritionally-based extinction models: coevolutionary disequilibrium and mosaic-nutrient models. These models draw upon the individualistic response of plant species to climate change to present a plausible scenario in which nutritional stress is considered one of the primary causes for the late Pleistocene extinctions. In this study, we tested predictions of the coevolutionary disequilibrium and mosaic-nutrient extinction models through the study of dental wear and enamel hypoplasia of Equus and Bison from various North American localities. The analysis of the dental wear (microwear and mesowear) of the samples yielded results which are consistent with predictions established for the coevolutionary disequilibrium model, but not for the mosaic-nutrient model. These ungulate species show statistically different dental wear patterns (suggesting dietary resource partitioning) during preglacial and full-glacial time intervals, but not during the postglacial in accordance with predictions of the coevolutionary disequilibrium model. In addition to changes in diet, these ungulates, specifically the equid species, show increased levels of enamel hypoplasia during the postglacial indicating higher levels of systemic stress, a result which is consistent with the models tested and with other climate-based extinction models. The extent to which the increase in systemic stress was detrimental to equid populations remains to be further investigated, but suggests that environmental changes during the late Pleistocene significantly impacted North American equids.

opencc-zeroAug 2021View details →

Longitudinal variation in the nutritional quality of basal food sources and its effect on invertebrates and fish in subalpine rivers

1. There is growing recognition of the importance of food quality over quantity for aquatic consumers. In streams and rivers, most previous studies considered this primarily in terms of the quality of terrestrial leaf litter and importance of microbial conditioning. However, many recent studies suggest that algae are a more nutritional food source for riverine consumers than leaf litter. To date, few studies have quantified longitudinal shifts in the nutritional quality of basal food resources in river ecosystems and how these may affect consumers. 2. We conducted a field investigation in a subalpine river ecosystem in Austria to investigate longitudinal variations in diet quality of basal food sources (submerged leaves and periphyton) and diet source dependence of stream consumers (invertebrate grazers, shredders, filterers and predators, and fish). Fatty acid (FA) profiles of basal food sources and their consumers were measured. 3. Our results indicate systematic differences between the FA profiles of terrestrial leaves and aquatic biota, i.e., periphyton, invertebrates and fish. Submerged leaves contained very low proportions of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), which were conversely rich in aquatic biota. While the FA composition of submerged leaves remained similar among sites, the LC-PUFA of periphyton increased longitudinally, which was associated with increasing nutrients from upstream to downstream. 4. Longitudinal variations in periphyton LC-PUFA were reflected in the LC-PUFA of invertebrate grazers and shredders, and further tracked by invertebrate predators and fish. However, brown trout (Salmo trutta) contained a large proportion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6ω3), a LC-PUFA almost entirely missing in basal sources and invertebrates. The fish accumulated eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5ω3) from invertebrate prey and may use this FA to synthesize DHA. 5. Our results provide a nutritional perspective for river food web studies, emphasizing the importance of algal resources to consumer somatic growth and the need to account for the longitudinal shifts in the quality of these basal resources.

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →

Assessing the nutritional consequences of switching foraging behaviour in wood bison

Diet is one of the most common traits used to organize species of animals into niches. For ruminant herbivores, the breadth and uniqueness of their dietary niche is placed on a spectrum from browsers that consume woody (i.e., browse) and herbaceous (i.e., forbs) plants, to grazers with graminoid-rich diets. However, seasonal changes in plant availability and quality can lead to switching of their dietary niche, even within species. In this study, we examined whether a population of wood bison (Bison bison athabascae) in northeast Alberta, Canada seasonally switched their foraging behaviour, and if so, whether this was associated with changes in nutrient acquisition. We hypothesized that bison should switch foraging behaviours from grazing in the winter when standing, dead graminoids are the only foliar plants readily available to browsing during spring and summer as nutritious and digestible foliar parts of browse and forbs become available. If bison are switching foraging strategy to maximize protein consumption, then there should be a corresponding shift in the nutritional niche. Alternatively, if bison are eating different plants, but consuming similar amounts of nutrients, then bison are switching their dietary niche to maintain a particular nutrient composition. We found wood bison were grazers in the winter and spring, but switch to a browsing during summer. However, only winter nutrient consumption of consumed plants differed significantly among seasons. Between spring and summer, bison maintained a specific nutritional composition in their diet despite compositional differences in the consumed plants. Our evidence suggests bison are selecting plants to maintain a target macronutrient composition. We posit that herbivore's can and will switch their dietary niche to maintain a target nutrient composition.

opencc-zeroDec 2022View details →

Data from: Harsh nutritional environment has positive and negative consequences for family living in a burying beetle

Harsh environmental conditions in form of low food availability for both offspring and parents alike can affect breeding behaviour and success. There has been evidence that food-scarce environments can induce competition between family members, and this might be intensified when parents are caring as a pair and not alone. On the other hand, it is possible that a harsh, food-poor environment could also promote cooperative behaviours within a family, leading, for example, to the higher breeding success of pairs than of single parents. We studied the influence of a harsh nutritional environment on the fitness outcome of a family living in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides. These beetles use vertebrate carcasses for reproduction. We manipulated food availability on two levels: before and during breeding. We then compared the effect of these manipulations in broods with either single females or biparentally breeding males and females. We show that pairs of beetles that experienced a food-poor environment before breeding consumed a higher quantity of the carcass than well-fed pairs or single females. Nevertheless, they were more successful in raising a brood with higher larval survival compared to pairs that did not experience a food shortage before breeding. We also show that food availability during breeding and social condition had independent effects on the mass of the broods raised, with lighter broods in biparental families than in uniparental ones and on smaller carcasses. Our study thus indicates that a harsh nutritional environment can increase both cooperative as well as competitive interactions between family members. Moreover, our results suggest that it can either hamper or drive the formation of a family because parents choose to restrain reproductive investment in a current brood or are encouraged to breed in a food-poor environment, depending on former experiences and their own nutritional status.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Ocean currents magnify upwelling and deliver nutritional subsidies to reef-building corals during El Niño heatwaves

This is the data and code associated with the manuscript: Fox et al. Ocean currents magnify upwelling and deliver nutritional subsidies to reef-building corals during El Niño heatwaves. Science Advances June 2023

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

Dataset for the article "Alnus viridis: an encroaching species with valuable nutritional value reducing livestock greenhouse gas emissions"

Both files provide the data used for the article "Alnus viridis: an encroaching species with valuable nutritional value reducing livestock greenhouse gas emissions"   <ol> <li>"Data_file_1" provides the measured components of A. viridis, i.e. the chemical composition (micro/macro-elements, fibre fractions, ash), the phenolic content and the functional traits. </li> <li>"Data_file_2" provides the results of the in vitro measurements on organic matter digestibility and gas production.</li> </ol>

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

Data for: Optimizing health and nutrition status of migrant construction workers consuming multiple micronutrient fortified rice in Singapore

140 Male migrant workers aged 20–51 years of either Bangladeshi or Indian ethnicity from a single dormitory in Singapore volunteered to participate in the study. In total, 133 blood samples were taken at the start of the study and were used to assess vitamin B12, hemoglobin, ferritin, folate, and zinc status; a sub-sample underwent for homocysteine testing. Anthropometric measurements and vital signs, including height, weight, and blood pressure were recorded before and after the intervention.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2023View details →

Estimating Compositions and Nutritional Values of Seed Mixes based on Vision Transformers

The cultivation of seed mixtures for local pastures is a traditional mixed cropping techniques of cereals and legumes for producing at a low production cost, a balanced animal feed in energy and protein in livestock systems. By considerably improving the autonomy and safety of agricultural systems, as well as reducing their impact on the environment, it is a type of crop that responds favorably both to the evolution of the European regulations on the use phyto-sanitary products, and the expectations of consumers who wish to increase their consumption of organic products. However, farmers find it difficult to adopt it because cereals and legumes do not ripen synchronously and the harvested seeds are heterogeneous, making it more difficult to assess their nutritional value. Many efforts therefore remain to be made to acquire and aggregate technical and economical references to evaluate to what extent the cultivation of seed mixtures could positively contribute to secure and reduce costs on herd feeding. The work presented in this paper proposes to evaluate recent deep learning techniques that could be transferred to an online or smartphone application to automatically estimate the nutritive value of harvested seed mixes to help farmers better managing the yield and thus engage them to promote and contribute to better knowledge of this type of cultivation. For this purpose, we have built an original image dataset containing 4,749 images of seed mixes, covering 11 seed varieties, with which we have compared 2 types of deep learning models. Our results highlight the potential of this method, and show that the best performing model is a recent state-of-the-art Vision Transformer pre-trained with self-supervision (BeiT). It allows an estimation of the nutritive value of seed mixtures with a coefficient of determination \(R^2\) Score of 0.91, which demonstrates the interest of this type of approach, for its possible use on a large scale.

opennotspecifiedOct 2021View details →

Fig. 5 in Correlational nutritional relationships and interactions between expansive holoparasite Orobanche laxissima and woody hosts on metal-rich soils

Fig. 5. General habit of parasite, its hosts and habitats: A-C – Orobanche laxissima (Orobanchaceae) parasitizes Punica granatum (Lythraceae) in Sighnaghi, B – flowering P. granatum, D-F – O. laxissima parasitizes Fraxinus angustifolia (Oleaceae) near Antoki, E F. angustifolia leaves. Photo by R. Piwowarczyk.