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1,940 results for “pulses”
Figure 2 in The influence of flood pulses on the reproductive strategy of two species of passalid beetle in the fluvial archipelago of Anavilhanas, Amazon, Brazil
Figure 2. Analysis using Pearson's correlation coefficient to test for a relationship between the water level of the Negro River and the number of larvae of Passalus abortivus between April 1996 and March 1997 at the ecological station of Anavilhanas, Novo Airão, Amazonas State.
Magnitude and timing of resource pulses interact to affect plant invasion
Human activities can cause resource fluctuations through reducing uptake by the resident vegetation (e.g., disturbance) or through changing external resource supply (e.g., fertilization). Resource fluctuations often occur as pulses which are low frequency, large magnitude and short duration, and now are recognized as an important driver of plant invasions. However, resource pulses often vary dramatically in a number of attributes, yet how these attributes mediate the impacts of resource pulses on plant invasions remains unclear. Erigeron canadensis is a serious invader of disturbed habitats and agricultural fields in China. Thus, it experiences nutrient pulses with different magnitudes and timings. Here, we grew E. canadensis and six co-occurring native plant species with three different magnitudes of nutrient enrichment (low, medium or high). For each magnitude, we added equivalent amounts of nutrients with a constant supply as a control or one of three pulses with different timings (early, middle or late stages). We found that pulse magnitude, timing and their interaction significantly affected E. canadensis growth (biomass production) and invasion (proportion of biomass in a pot). For each timing, E. candensis growth and invasion increased with nutrient magnitude. At low magnitude, middle and late pulses promoted E. canadensis growth and invasion. At medium magnitude, late pulses suppressed E. canadensis growth, but did not affect its invasion. At high magnitude, early and middle pulses strongly suppressed E. canadensis growth and invasion. In contrast, natives generally exhibited different responses to nutrient pulses. Our study shows that plant responses are not just dependent on the presence of a resource pulse but also on its attributes. In contrast to theory and many empirical studies, our results show that resource fluctuation does not always promote plant invasion. We highlight that the attributes of resource pulses are key to understanding the impact of resource fluctuations on plant invasion.
Modeling pulsed evolution and time-independent variation improves the confidence level of ancestral and hidden state predictions
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Ancestral state reconstruction is not only a fundamental tool for studying trait evolution, but also very useful for predicting the unknown trait values (hidden states) of extant species. A well-known problem in ancestral and hidden state predictions is that the uncertainty associated with predictions can be so large that predictions themselves are of little use. Therefore, for meaningful interpretation of predicted traits and hypothesis testing, it is prudent to accurately assess the uncertainty of the predictions. Commonly used constant-rate Brownian motion (BM) model fails to capture the complexity of tempo and mode of trait evolution in nature, making predictions under the BM model vulnerable to lack-of-fit errors from model misspecification. Using empirical data (mammalian body size and bacterial genome size), we show that the distribution of residual Z-scores under the BM model is neither homoscedastic nor normal as expected. Consequently, the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of predicted traits are so unreliable that the actual coverage probability ranges from 33% (strongly permissive) to 100% (strongly conservative). Alternative methods such as BayesTraits and StableTraits that allow variable rates in evolution improve the predictions but are computationally expensive. Here we develop RasperGade, a method of ancestral and hidden state prediction that uses the Levy process to explicitly model gradual evolution, pulsed evolution and time-independent variation. Using the same empirical data, we show that RasperGade outperforms both BayesTraits and StableTraits and is orders-of-magnitude faster. Our results suggest that, when predicting the ancestral and hidden states of continuous traits, the tempo and mode of evolution should always be assessed and the quality of confidence estimates should always be examined.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
The moment of tooth: rate, fate, and pattern of Pacific lingcod dentition revealed by pulse-chase
<p>Tooth replacement rates of polyphyodont cartilaginous and bony fishes are hard to determine because of lack of obvious patterning, and maintaining specimens long enough to observe replacement. Pulse-chase is a fluorescent technique that differentially colours developing mineralized tissue. We present <i>in-situ </i>tooth replacement rate and position data for the oral and pharyngeal detentions of <i>Ophiodon elongatus</i> (Pacific lingcod). We assessed over 10,000 teeth, in 20 fish, and found a daily replacement rate of about two teeth (3.6% of the dentition). The average tooth is in the dental battery for 27 days. Replacement was higher in the lower pharyngeal jaw (LPJ). We found no difference between replacement rates of feeding and non-feeding fish, suggesting feeding was not a driver of tooth replacement. Lingcod teeth have both a size and location fate; smaller teeth at one spot will not grow into larger teeth, even if a large tooth nearby is lost. We also found increased rates of replacement at the posterior of the LPJ relative to the anterior. We propose that lingcod teeth do not migrate in the jaw as they develop; their teeth are fated in size and location, erupting in their functional position.</p>
Pulse, Shunt and Storage: Hydrological Contraction Shapes Processing and Export of Particulate Organic Matter in River Networks
<p>This repository hosts the code to run the analysis presented in </p> <p>"Pulse, Shunt and Storage: Hydrological Contraction Shapes Processing and Export of Particulate Organic Matter in River Networks" <br> by Catalan et al., Ecosystems, 2022.<br> DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-022-00802-4</p> <p>The code has been tested on Matlab R2019b.</p> <p>Run the Main.m code to produce the results of Figure 3 and 4 of the paper.<br> Each simulation takes about 8 hours on a standard Desktop computer.</p>
Datasets: Characterization of the PTB ultra-high pulse dose rate reference electron beam
<p>Open access datasets for:</p> <p>Characterization of the PTB ultra-high pulse dose rate reference electron beam</p> <p>doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac5de8</p>
Datasets: Absorbed-dose-to-water measurement using alanine in ultra-high-pulse-dose-rate electron beams
<p>Open access datasets for:</p> <p>Absorbed-dose-to-water measurement using alanine in ultra-high-pulse-dose-rate electron beams</p> <p>doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac950b</p>
Determining the absolute temporal field of ultra-broadband terahertz-infrared pulses with field-induced second-harmonic spectrograms - Data
<p>Experimental and simulation data from paper "Determining the absolute temporal field of ultra-broadband terahertz-infrared pulses with field-induced second-harmonic spectrograms".</p> <p>See Summary.pdf for description of contents.</p>
Dataset: "The challenge of ionisation chamber dosimetry in ultra-short pulsed high dose-rate Very High Energy Electron beams"
<p>Dataset for the paper entitled "The challenge of ionisation chamber dosimetry in ultra-short pulsed high dose-rate Very High Energy Electron beams"</p>
Data and Software for "Metal Pad-Enhanced Resistive Pulse Sensor Reveals Complex-Valued Braess Paradox"
<p>Data and software for the paper entitled "Metal Pad-Enhanced Resistive Pulse Sensor Reveals Complex-Valued Braess Paradox", by Alan Dong, Lydia Sohn, and Michael Lustig, for Physical Review E.</p>
Dataset for "A 5.3-minute-period pulsing white dwarf in a binary detected from radio to X-rays"
<p>Photometric and spectroscopic data obtained for the manuscript "A 5.3-minute-period pulsing white dwarf in a binary detected from radio to X-rays", to be published in Nature Astronomy.</p> <p>This repository includes ultracam log files with photometry for all runs and ESO spectra.</p>
Scavenging patterns of an inbred wolf population in a landscape with a pulse of human-provided carrion
<ol> <li> <span>Scavenging is an important part of food acquisition for many carnivore species that switch between scavenging and predation</span><span>. </span><span>In landscapes with anthropogenic impact, humans provide food that scavenging species can utilize. </span> </li> <li><span>We quantified the magnitude of killing versus scavenging by gray wolves (<em>Canis</em> <em>lupus</em>) in Scandinavia where humans impact the ecosystem through hunter harvest, land use practices, and infrastructure. We investigated the cause of death of different animals utilized by wolves, and examined how the proportion of their consumption time spent scavenging was influenced by season, wolf social affiliation, level of inbreeding, density of moose (<em>Alces</em> <em>alces</em>) as their main prey, density of brown bear (<em>Ursus</em> <em>arctos</em>) as an intra-guild competitor, and human density. </span></li> <li><span>We used data from 39 GPS-collared wolves covering 3,198 study days (2001–2019), including 14,205 feeding locations within space-time clusters, and 1362 carcasses utilized by wolves. </span></li> <li><span>Most carcasses were wolf-killed (80.5%) while a small part had died from other natural causes (1.9%). The remaining had either anthropogenic mortality causes (4.7%), or the cause of death was unknown (12.9%). </span></li> <li> <span>Time spent scavenging was higher during winter than during summer and autumn. Solitary wolves spent more time scavenging than pack-living individuals, likely because individual hunting success is lower than pack success. Scavenging time increased with the mean inbreeding coefficient of the adult wolves, possibly indicating that more inbred individuals resort to scavenging, which requires less body strength. There was weak evidence for </span><span>competition between wolves and brown bears as well as a positive relationship between human density and time spent scavenging. </span> </li> <li><span>This study shows how both intrinsic and extrinsic factors drive wolf scavenging behaviour and that despite a high level of inbreeding and access to carrion of anthropogenic origin, wolves mainly utilized their own kills. </span></li> </ol>
Extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy using an ultrashort pulse laboratory-scale laser-plasma accelerator
<p>The data contained in this repository was used in the production of the publication "Extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy using an ultrashort pulse laboratory-scale laser-plasma accelerator"</p>
PSR B1937+21 Giant Pulse Baseband Data Release
<p>This is a companion dataset to go with the publication, <strong>"Using Giant Pulses to Measure the Impulse Response of the Interstellar Medium"</strong> by <em>Mahajan and van Kerkwijk, (2023). </em><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.13274">https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.13274</a></p> <p>The data files contain the baseband snippets PSR B1937+21 giant pulses found using the giant pulse search technique described in the paper.</p> <p><strong>Requirements</strong><br> To load and work with the data files, you will need the Python package: <a href="https://github.com/theXYZT/pulsarbat">pulsarbat v0.0.9</a><br> We have provided an <em>environment.yml</em> that can be used to conveniently create a conda environment to work with the data.</p> <p><strong>Usage</strong><br> An example script is provided (<em>script.py</em>) which shows how to load the data in Python.</p> <p><strong>Data Format</strong><br> The data files are zipped in <em>B1937GPs.zip</em>. The giant pulse data was serialized using Python's <em>pickle</em> library. Each file contains<br> a list of <em>pulsarbat.DualPolarizationSignal</em> objects from the <em>pulsarbat </em>package.</p> <p>There are 38 data files with names: <em>B1937GPs/B1937GPs_{MJD}_{freq}.pb</em></p> <ul> <li><em>MJD </em>refers to the date of the observation</li> <li><em>freq </em>refers to the center frequency of the band in MHz.</li> </ul> <p>There were two observations at MJD 58245 and MJD 58298, and data from 19 contiguous frequency bands is provided (thus, a total of 38 files). The md5 checksums for all files is provided in <em>md5_checksums.txt</em>.</p>
A single center experience of correlation of pulse pressure with mortality of stroke hemorrhage patients in Indonesia
<p>This is an article that describes the relationship between the pulse pressure and mortality of stroke hemorrhagic in Indonesia.</p>
Control of the electron dynamics in solid-state high harmonic generation on ultrafast time scales by a polarization-skewed laser pulse
<p>Dataset of the publication “Control of the electron dynamics in solid-state high harmonic generation on ultrafast time scales by a polarization-skewed laser pulse”, by X. Song, S. Yang, G. Wang, J. Lin, L. Wang, T. Meier, and W. Yang, published in Optics Express 31, 18862 (2023) , <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.491418">https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.491418</a> .<br> The zip file includes a brief description, the data on which the plot of figures 1 – 3 are based, and matlab figure files.</p>
Double-pulse streamer simulations for varying interpulse times in air
<p>This dataset contains the data used to generate the results presented in the article "Double-pulse streamer simulations for varying interpulse times in air". This dataset includes a .zip file of the code used. More information on how to compile and run simulations can be found on <a href="https://teunissen.net/afivo_streamer/md_documentation_installation.html">afivo-streamer</a>.</p> <p>The transport data for 20% and 10% O2 concentrations are the following:</p> <p>1) afivo-streamer/transport_data/BG_20O2.txt</p> <p>2) afivo-streamer/transport_data/BG_10O2.txt </p> <p>The simulation input files for an interpulse time of 20 ns for 20% and 10% O2 concentrations are the following:</p> <p>1) afivo-streamer/programs/heating_2d/1bar_20O2.cfg</p> <p><strong>2) </strong>afivo-streamer/programs/heating_2d/1bar_10O2.cfg</p>
Experimental files for Dynamics of plasmas produced by a laser pulse, inside a dense gaseous target, formed in an ambient gas
<p>Time development of plasmas produced by interaction of laser pulses, with a nitrogen gas, was investigated. The interaction took place inside a small portion of dense nitrogen gas injected temporarily into a chamber filled with the gas under low pressure. High-temperature plasmas produced directly by the laser pulse were a source of soft x rays and charged particles, ionizing and exciting the surrounding gas. In this way, low-temperature plasmas were produced. The formation of high-temperature plasmas was studied using soft x-ray spectroscopy and x-ray streak imaging. Low-temperature plasmas formed at various distances from the laser focus were investigated using an optical streak camera. The experimental data.zip file contains the experimental data from an X-ray spectrograph, X-ray streak camera and optical streak camera.</p> <p>Work supported by the National Science Centre, Poland, Grant Agreement No. UMO-2020/39/B/ST2/00509</p>
Time-Resolved Plasmon-Assisted Generation of Arbitrary Optical-Vortex Pulses - Supporting Information - Trajectories
<p>We provide videos of trajectories for a test charge, bound by Lennard-Jones potential. First video, titled "Plane Wave Trajectory " refers to the particle under the effect of a plane wave pulse. The other video , titled "Emitter Trajectory" refers to the particle affected by an orbital angular momentum carrying pulse.</p> <p>These videos are supplementary materials for the article titled "Time-Resolved Plasmon-Assisted Generation of Arbitrary Optical-Vortex Pulses".</p>
Dataset and code: Compact module for complementary-channel THz pulse slicing
<p>Dataset and processing files for the data presented in manuscript "Compact module for complementary-channel THz pulse slicing"</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.