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Fig. 1 in Induced spawning and reproductive variables of the catfish Lophiosilurus alexandri Steindachner, 1876 (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae)

Fig. 1. Linear relationships of total fecundity (TF), initial fertility (IF) and final fertility (FF) to variations in body weight (BW) (a) and total length (TL) (b), obtained simultaneously from nine Lophiosilurus alexandri females submitted to hypophysation at Três Marias Hydrobiology and Hatchery Station in January 1997.

Fig. 2 in Induced spawning and reproductive variables of the catfish Lophiosilurus alexandri Steindachner, 1876 (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae)

Fig. 2. Macro and microscopic morphology of the ovaries (a-b) and testis (c-d) mature of the Lophiosilurus alexandri. (a) The mature ovaries were bulky, highly vascularized, yellowish and presenting large vitellogenic oocytes. (b) Histological section of the vitellogenic oocyte characterized by the presence of acidophilic yolk globules (Y) throughout the ooplasm and nucleus (N) migrating toward the animal pole. (c) Mature testis (arrow) are whitish, turgids, vascularized and with well developed fringes (Insert showing fringes). (d) Mature testis showing seminiferous tubules (ST) filled by spermatozoa (SPZ). (a, c and insert) bars 1cm; (b and d) stained with hemotoxylin-eosin and bars 100 μm.

Fig. 4 in Reproductive cycle of the Neotropical cichlid yellow peacock bass Cichla kelberi: A novel pattern of testicular development

Fig. 4. Testicular morphological characteristics of the initial phases of C. kelberi gonadal development. (a) and (b) Immature phase: germinal epithelium showing a reduced number of primary spermatogonia (Sg1). (c) and (d) Preparatory phase: presence of lots of primary spermatogonia and cysts of secondary spermatogonia (Sg2). Mitotic figures are also observed in this phase, highlighting the spermatogonial proliferation (arrow).

Fig. 4 in Reproduction of Pimelodus maculatus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in three section of Grande River basin, downstream Porto Colombia dam, south-eastern Brazil

Fig. 4. Bimonthly frequency of the gonadal maturation stages of P. maculatus males and females from three sampling sections of the Grande River basin, downstream from the Porto Colômbia dam. Section 1: Grande River, downstream from the Porto Colômbia dam; Section 2: confluence of the Grande and Pardo Rivers; Section 3: the Pardo River channel.

Fig. 5 in Reproduction of Pimelodus maculatus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in three section of Grande River basin, downstream Porto Colombia dam, south-eastern Brazil

Fig. 5. PH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, temperature and water transparency in three sections of the Grande River basin, downstream from the Porto Colômbia dam. Section 1: Grande River, downstream from the Porto Colômbia dam; Section 2: confluence of the Grande and Pardo Rivers; Section 3: the Pardo River channel.

Fig. 3 in Reproduction of Pimelodus maculatus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in three section of Grande River basin, downstream Porto Colombia dam, south-eastern Brazil

Fig. 3. Histological sections of P. maculatus ovaries, in different stages of gonadal maturation, stained with HE. A: Resting, with oogonia nests (Og), initial perinucleolar oocyte (O1) with basophilic cytoplasm and advanced perinucleolar follicles (O2) with granular cytoplasm; B: Initial maturation, with O1, O2 and pre-vitellogenic oocyte (O3) presenting cortical alveoli (arrow head) in the peripheral ooplasm; C: Advanced maturation/mature with O1, O2 and O3 and vitellogenic oocytes with ooplasm filled with acidophilic yolk globules; D: Detail of vitellogenic oocyte with cubic follicular cells (star), thin zona pellucida (*) and funnel-shaped micropile (arrow); E: Partially spawned, with O1, O2, O3, O4 and postovulatory follicles (FPO); insert of post-ovulatory follicle with wide lumen and wall of follicular cells and theca; F: Atretic follicles (AF) in the initial phase with yolk liquefaction and fragmentation of the zona pellucida; G: Partially spawned ovary with atretic follicle (AF) in the intermediate phase with hypertrophy of the follicular cells and an almost fully reabsorbed yolk; H: Fully spawned ovary with O1, O2 and atretic follicle in the final stage, forming yellow bodies (YB). Scale bars = 50 µm (A, D, insert of POF and H), 100 µm (B, C), 200 µm (E-G).

Fig. 2 in Reproduction of Pimelodus maculatus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in three section of Grande River basin, downstream Porto Colombia dam, south-eastern Brazil

Fig. 2. Histological sections of P. maculatus testes, in different stages of gonadal maturation, stained with HE. A: Resting with seminiferous tubules closed containing only spermatogonia; B: Initial maturation, with seminiferous tubules containing all spermatogenic lineage cells and a small amount of sperm; C: Advanced maturation/mature, with seminiferous tubules filled with sperm; D: Partially spent, with open seminiferous tubules containing a considerable amount of sperm; E: Caudal region of a partially spent testis with globular acidophilic secretion (circle); F: fully spent, with open seminiferous tubules containing residual sperm in the lumen. * = Sperm; Arrow = Spermatogonia. Scale bars = 20 µm (A), 50 µm (B and F), 100 µm (C-E).

Fig. 1 in Dynamics of ovarian maturation during the reproductive cycle of Metynnis maculatus, a reservoir invasive fish species (Teleostei: Characiformes)

Fig. 1. Mean (± S.E.M) bimonthly variations of the gonadosomatic index in Metynnis maculatus females (n = 36). The different letters indicate significant differences among months. (ANOVA, Tukey test, P <0.05).

Fig. 5 in Dynamics of ovarian maturation during the reproductive cycle of Metynnis maculatus, a reservoir invasive fish species (Teleostei: Characiformes)

Fig. 5. (a) Pearson correlation between the volume density of final vitellogenic oocytes and the gonadosomatic index (GSI) (%) during the reproductive cycle of Metynnis maculatus females (n = 36). (b) Pearson correlation between the volume density of post-ovulatory follicles and the GSI (%) (n = 36). (c) Pearson correlation between the E 2 plasma levels and the GSI (%) (n = 20). (d) Pearson correlation between the 17α-OHP plasma levels and the GSI (%) (n = 20). (e) Pearson correlation between the E 2 plasma levels and the volume density of final vitellogenic oocytes (n = 20). (f) Pearson correlation between the 17α-OHP plasma levels and the volume density of the post-ovulatory follicles (n = 20). The continuous line indicates that the difference is statistically significant (Pearson's test, P <0.05).

Fig. 4 in Dynamics of ovarian maturation during the reproductive cycle of Metynnis maculatus, a reservoir invasive fish species (Teleostei: Characiformes)

Fig. 4. (a) Mean (± S.E.M) bimonthly plasma concentrations of E 2 in Metynnis maculatus females (n = 20). Different letters indicate significant differences among months (ANOVA, Tukey test, P <0.05). (b) Mean (± S.E.M) bimonthly plasma 17α – OHP concentrations (n = 20). Different letters indicate significant differences among months. (ANOVA, Tukey test, P <0.05).

Fig. 3 in Dynamics of ovarian maturation during the reproductive cycle of Metynnis maculatus, a reservoir invasive fish species (Teleostei: Characiformes)

Fig. 3. Mean percentages (± S.E.M) of different oocyte types from Metynnis maculatus females during the ovarian maturation cycle. Different letters indicate significant differences among the same type of oocytes among months (ANOVA, Tukey test, P <0.05).

Fig. 2 in Dynamics of ovarian maturation during the reproductive cycle of Metynnis maculatus, a reservoir invasive fish species (Teleostei: Characiformes)

Fig. 2. Photomicrographs of different oocyte types observed during the Metynnis maculatus reproductive cycle. (a) Previtellogenic oocytes showing multiple nucleolus (arrow), (b) Cortical alveoli oocyte; (c) Early vitellogenic oocyte with cytoplasm filled mostly with cortical alveoli (asterisk); (d) Final vitellogenic oocyte with cytoplasm completely filled with protein yolk granules (asterisk); (e) Post ovulatory follicles with numerous border folding (arrow), (f) Atretic oocytes with fragmented vitelline membrane (arrow) and a change in the appearance of the cytoplasm (asterisk). Hematoxylin-floxin. Scale bar = 100 µM..

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Fig. 2 in Variation In Reproductive Modes Of Allium Oleraceum, A. Scorodoprasum And A. Vineale In Field Collection

Fig. 2. Correlations between mean mass of an aerial bulbil and flower number per plant in four Allium scorodoprasum accessions (No. 315, 437, 447 and 604). Ellipses show a 95 % confidence area

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Fig. 3 in How does diet influence the reproductive seasonality of tropical freshwater fish? A case study of a characin in a tropical mountain river

Fig. 3. Non-Metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling Ordination (NMDS) of monthly variations of the diet with respect to sex. Stress = 0.10. Filled symbols are the dry months.

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Fig. 2 in How does diet influence the reproductive seasonality of tropical freshwater fish? A case study of a characin in a tropical mountain river

Fig. 2. Monthly variation of prey types-IRI values. Rainfall follows a bimodal seasonal pattern (shadow on background). The asterisks show the months in which reproduction occurs.

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Fig. 1 in How does diet influence the reproductive seasonality of tropical freshwater fish? A case study of a characin in a tropical mountain river

Fig. 1. Ontogenetic and intersexual variation in the diet of Creagrutus guanes. Size classes correspond to standard length ranges: 3 = 21-30 mm; 4 = 31-40 mm; 5 = 41-50 mm; 6 = 51-60 mm; 7 = 61-70mm; 8 = 71-80mm.

Fig. 8 in Reproductive biology of pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) (Teleostei: Characidae) in the Cuiabá River Basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Fig. 8. Relationship between fecundity (number of oocytes) and the TL, TM and GM of P. mesopotamicus in the headwaters (1a, 2a and 3a) and flood area (1b, 2b and 3b), between August 2006 and July 2007.

Fig. 7 in Reproductive biology of pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) (Teleostei: Characidae) in the Cuiabá River Basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Fig. 7. Relative frequency distribution of the ovarian follicle diameter (µm) of P. mesopotamicus in the headwaters (a) and flood area (b) between August 2006 and July 2007.

Fig. 2 in Reproductive biology of pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) (Teleostei: Characidae) in the Cuiabá River Basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Fig. 2. Absolute frequency of young () and adult () individuals in the headwaters - Rosário Oeste, MT (a), and in the flood area - Poconé, MT (b), and frequency distribution by class of TL (cm) of P. mesopotamicus females () and males () in the headwaters (c) and the flood area (d) between August 2006 and July 2007.

Fig. 4 in Reproductive biology of pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) (Teleostei: Characidae) in the Cuiabá River Basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Fig. 4. Monthly variation of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) of P. mesopotamicus females and males in the headwaters (a,b) and the flood area (c,d), respectively, between August 2006 and July 2007.