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Distribution. Until recently thought to be endemic to the Albertine Rift (E DR Congo, SW Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi), at elevations of up to 2960 m in the Rwenzori Mts, but = onasequences, Bryja and colleagues in 2014 suggested that it occurs also in Central African Republic, N DR Congo, and W Kenya. in Muridae

Distribution. Until recently thought to be endemic to the Albertine Rift (E DR Congo, SW Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi), at elevations of up to 2960 m in the Rwenzori Mts, but = onasequences, Bryja and colleagues in 2014 suggested that it occurs also in Central African Republic, N DR Congo, and W Kenya.

Distribution. Endemic to SE Europe (Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Albania, Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova, Ukraine, and Russia). in Muridae

Distribution. Endemic to SE Europe (Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Albania, Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova, Ukraine, and Russia).

Distribution. Endemic to India, where it is widely distributed in the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, and Jharkhand. in Muridae

Distribution. Endemic to India, where it is widely distributed in the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, and Jharkhand.

Lophuromys stanley: is member of the L. flavopunctatus species complex and was named during partial revision of the L. aguilus species complex. It is characterized by craniometric and genetic character-istics; its skull proportions are similar to L. laticeps, and molecularly, it is similar to L. margarettae and L. zena (cytochrome-b). Lophuromys stanleyi is one of four endemic species in the Rwenzori Mountains diversity hotspot. Monotypic. Distribution. Rwenzori Mts, E DR Congo and SW Uganda. Descriptive notes. Head-body 113-126 mm, tail 40-80 mm, ear 16-19 mm, hindfoot 22-24 mm; weight 36-55 g. The Rwenzori Brush-furred Rat has a speckled pelage similar to other speciesin the L. flavopunctatus species complex. Tail is short, 50-60% of head-body length. Habitat. Poorly known, but type specimen was collected at an elevation of 3700 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information. in Muridae

Lophuromys stanley: is member of the L. flavopunctatus species complex and was named during partial revision of the L. aguilus species complex. It is characterized by craniometric and genetic character-istics; its skull proportions are similar to L. laticeps, and molecularly, it is similar to L. margarettae and L. zena (cytochrome-b). Lophuromys stanleyi is one of four endemic species in the Rwenzori Mountains diversity hotspot. Monotypic. Distribution. Rwenzori Mts, E DR Congo and SW Uganda. Descriptive notes. Head-body 113-126 mm, tail 40-80 mm, ear 16-19 mm, hindfoot 22-24 mm; weight 36-55 g. The Rwenzori Brush-furred Rat has a speckled pelage similar to other speciesin the L. flavopunctatus species complex. Tail is short, 50-60% of head-body length. Habitat. Poorly known, but type specimen was collected at an elevation of 3700 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information.

Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996). in Muridae

Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996).

FIGURE 5. A in Morphological, Anatomical, Palynological and Karyological Studies on Endemic Alyssum kaynakiae (Brassicaceae) from Southwest Region of Turkey

FIGURE 5. A. Root cross-section (×100), B. Root cross-section (×400), C. Stem cross-section (×100), D. Stem cross-section (×400), E. Leaves (×100), F. Leaves (×400); e: epidermis, cl: collenchyma, phl: phloem, xy: xylem, co: cortex, sp: spongy parenchyma, pp: palisade parenchyma, bs: bundle sheat, v: vascular bundle (11/17 BULU).

FIGURE 2 in Morphological, Anatomical, Palynological and Karyological Studies on Endemic Alyssum kaynakiae (Brassicaceae) from Southwest Region of Turkey

FIGURE 2. Micromorphology of A. kaynakiae. A. Lepidote hairs on cauline surface, B. Lepidote hairs on leaves, C. Lepidote hairs on the upper surface of leaves, D. Lepidote and stellate hairs on calyx surface, E. Fruit surface, F. Stylus, G. Seed, H. Seed surface—(10/17 BULU).

FIGURE 3 in Morphological, Anatomical, Palynological and Karyological Studies on Endemic Alyssum kaynakiae (Brassicaceae) from Southwest Region of Turkey

FIGURE 3. The pollen morphology of A. kaynakiae. A. Reticulate ornamentation of the pollen grain, B. Colpus of the pollen grain (10/17 BULU).

FIGURE 1 in Morphological, Anatomical, Palynological and Karyological Studies on Endemic Alyssum kaynakiae (Brassicaceae) from Southwest Region of Turkey

FIGURE 1. General view of A. kaynakiae—Locality: Denizli: Üzümlü—Çameli, around Kirazlıyayla (10/17 BULU).

FIGURE 2. Ramudaria lamellicaulis. A−C in Taxonomic notes and range extension of the monospecific genus Ramudaria (Lophocoleaceae, Marchantiophyta) endemic to India

FIGURE 2. Ramudaria lamellicaulis. A−C: Underleaves and rhizoids from underleaf lamina and base. D: Median cells of leaf showing trigones. E: Portion of shoots, showing branching. F: Portion of stem, ventral view, showing rhizoids from stem surface. All from Xiang et al. 20200925-50B (HSNU).

FIGURE 1. Ramudaria lamellicaulis. A in Taxonomic notes and range extension of the monospecific genus Ramudaria (Lophocoleaceae, Marchantiophyta) endemic to India

FIGURE 1. Ramudaria lamellicaulis. A: Portion of shoot, ventral view. B: Female bract. C: Female bracteole. D: Gynoecium showing a perianth, ventral view. E: Leaf. F: Transverse section of stem, showing 1−3 cells high strips. G: Transverse section of perianth at middle. H: Longitudinal lamelliform strips on the dorsal surface of stem. I: Median cells of leaf, showing smooth cuticle. J: Longitudinal lamelliform strips on the ventral surface of stem. All from Xiang et al. 20200925-50B (HSNU).

Figure 7. cox1 in Phylogeography of the endemic red-tailed cicadas of New Zealand (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Rhodopsalta), and molecular, morphological and bioacoustical confirmation of the existence of Hudson's Rhodopsalta microdora

Figure 7. cox1 chronogram from the *BEAST multispecies coalescent analysis, showing divergence times for intraspecific haplotype clades as bars indicating the 95% highest posterior density intervals. Taxa with asterisks were missing cox1, and their positions within the species clades are determined by the EF1α gene tree.

Figure 8 in Phylogeography of the endemic red-tailed cicadas of New Zealand (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Rhodopsalta), and molecular, morphological and bioacoustical confirmation of the existence of Hudson's Rhodopsalta microdora

Figure 8. Lectotype of Tettigonia cruentata Fabricius, 1775, type species of genus Rhodopsalta Dugdale, 1972, with attached labels shown. Scale bars: 1 cm. Photographs by B. Price.

Figure 6 in Phylogeography of the endemic red-tailed cicadas of New Zealand (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Rhodopsalta), and molecular, morphological and bioacoustical confirmation of the existence of Hudson's Rhodopsalta microdora

Figure 6. Primary geographical subclades found for the sequenced specimens, mapped for each Rhodopsalta species.

Figure 5 in Phylogeography of the endemic red-tailed cicadas of New Zealand (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Rhodopsalta), and molecular, morphological and bioacoustical confirmation of the existence of Hudson's Rhodopsalta microdora

Figure 5. Single-gene Bayesian phylogenetic trees based on mitochondrial cox1 (1486 bp; A) and nuclear EF1α (798 bp; B) using CIPRES v.3.3. Branch support values represent Bayesian posterior probabilities and RAXML bootstrap percentages from 1000 non-parametric pseudoreplicates. The number of parsimony informative sites is 239 for cox1 and 61 for EF1α.

Figure 4 in Phylogeography of the endemic red-tailed cicadas of New Zealand (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Rhodopsalta), and molecular, morphological and bioacoustical confirmation of the existence of Hudson's Rhodopsalta microdora

Figure 4. Bayesian phylogenetic tree based on 2284 bp of concatenated genes (5′ and 3′ cox1 and EF1α). Six partition subsets were used (by gene and codon position for each gene, respectively). Branch support values represent Bayesian posterior probabilities and RAXML bootstrap percentages from 1000 non-parametric pseudoreplicates. The number of parsimony-informative sites is 300. Grey boxes show mean divergence time estimates and 95% confidence intervals from the *BEAST analysis.

Figure 3 in Phylogeography of the endemic red-tailed cicadas of New Zealand (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Rhodopsalta), and molecular, morphological and bioacoustical confirmation of the existence of Hudson's Rhodopsalta microdora

Figure 3. Waveforms illustrating song phenotypes of the three Rhodopsalta species. All fully developed Rhodopsalta songs consist of repeated phrases, the first one of which is indicated by a bracket in graphs A–F. Stars indicate the observed or inferred (Rhodopsalta microdora) positions of wing-flick responses produced by sexually receptive females.

Figure 1 in Phylogeography of the endemic red-tailed cicadas of New Zealand (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Rhodopsalta), and molecular, morphological and bioacoustical confirmation of the existence of Hudson's Rhodopsalta microdora

Figure 1. Palaeogeographical maps depicting topographical change in the North Island of New Zealand throughout the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs. Maps were modified and reprinted from Ellis et al. (2015), with permission.

FIGURES 86-96 in Comparative larval ultramorphology of three endemic Lathrobium (Glyptomerus) species (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae) from the Eastern Alps in Italy

FIGURES 86-96. Mature larva of L. alzonai (86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 95), L. freyi (87, 91, 96) and L. pacei (89, 93). 86, seta of tibia; 87-90, abdominal setae; 91, head in frontal aspect; 92, 93, median tooth; 94-96, region of paramedian tooth. Abbreviations: At—antenna, Ch—channels, Gp—glandular pit, Lg—ligula, Lp—labial palp, Ma—mala, Md—mandible, Mp—maxillary palp, Mt—median tooth, Na—nasale; Pmt—paramedian tooth, Ps—peg seta.

FIGURES 82-85 in Comparative larval ultramorphology of three endemic Lathrobium (Glyptomerus) species (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae) from the Eastern Alps in Italy

FIGURES 82-85. Mature larva of L. alzonai (82, 84) and L. pacei (83, 85). 82, abdominal sternite I-III; 83, abdominal segments VII-X in ventral aspect; 84, abdominal segments IX and X and urogomphus in lateral aspect; 85, abdominal segment X and urogomphus in dorsal aspect. Abbreviations: A—anterior seta, D—discal setae of rows a and b, L—lateral seta, P—posterior seta, St—sternite, Te—tergite, Ug—urogomphus, I, II-…abdominal segments, sternites or segments of urogomphus.