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Fig. 5 in Morphometric and genetic variations of four dominant species of snappers (Lutjanidae) harvested from the Northern Coast of Aceh waters, Indonesia

Fig. 5. The phylogenetic tree of 19 sequences sample of snapper harvested from northern coast of Aceh. The numbers above branches represent the bootstrap confident level for NJ (10000 replicates).

Fig. 3 in Morphological and genetic variability of Cotesia tibialis species complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae)

Fig. 3. Comparison of centroid size of fore wings. (A) between two seasonal forms, (B) between 14 morphotypes.

Fig. 1 in Morphological and genetic variability of Cotesia tibialis species complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae)

Fig. 1. Fore wing of C. tibialis. (A) Wing venation. Nomenclature follows Sharkey and Wharton (1997). Wing veins: C, costa; Cu, cubitus; M, media; SC, subcosta; R, radius (metacarpus); A, analis; m-cu, transverse medio cubital vein; cu-a, transverse cubital-anal vein; Cells: I – marginal, II – first submarginal, III – first discal, IV – basal, V – subbasal, VI first subdiscal, VII – second and third submarginal, VIII – second discal, IX – second subdiscal, X – anal; (B) Set of landmarks.

Fig. 6 in Morphological and genetic variability of Cotesia tibialis species complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae)

Fig. 6. Phylogenetic tree of nine Cotesia tibialis morphotypes based on the COI gene obtained using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) method. Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap value (%); C. ofella and C. glomerata represent outgroups. The average genetic distance between the three main phylogenetic lines is shown as a percentage.

Fig. 5 in Morphological and genetic variability of Cotesia tibialis species complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae)

Fig. 5. PCA plot of 14 C. tibialis morphotypes. Distribution of fore wings in the morphospace defined by the first two principal components. Ellipses account for a confidence interval of 0.7. The blue outline shows the fore wing shape for the maximum positive or negative score along the PC1 and PC2 axes, while the pink outline explains the average shape fore wing. All changes in wing shape were enlarged 2 times. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 10 in Taxonomy, genetic diversity, and phylogeny of the Antarctic mud dragon, Polacanthoderes (Kinorhyncha: Echinorhagata: Echinoderidae)

Fig. 10. Maximum-likelihood tree of Kinorhyncha based on 18S (1353 bp) + 28S (2750 bp) dataset. Numbers near nodes are the maximum-likelihood bootstrap (BS) and Bayesian posterior probability (PP) values, respectively; asterisks indicate the node with the full support values (BS = 100% and PP = 1.00); BS values lower than 50% indicate as polytomy; PP values lower than 0.95 are indicated by dashes. The scale bar indicates branch length in substitutions per site.

Fig. 9 in Taxonomy, genetic diversity, and phylogeny of the Antarctic mud dragon, Polacanthoderes (Kinorhyncha: Echinorhagata: Echinoderidae)

Fig. 9. Polacanthoderes shiraseae sp. nov., scanning electron micrographs of females (A, C–E) and a male (B and F). A, segments 5–7, ventral view; B, segments 6–8, ventral view; C, segments 7–9, lateral view; D, close-up of sieve plate on segment 9; E, segments 8–11, laterodorsal view; F, segments 9–11, ventral view. Black arrows and black arrowhead indicate sensory spot and type-2 glandular cell outlet, respectively. Abbreviations (ac), acicular spine; LA, lateral accessory; LD, laterodorsal; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts lateral terminal spine; LV, lateroventral; MD, middorsal; pa, papilla; pe, penile spine; (sac), small acicular spine; SD, subdorsal; se, seta; si, sieve plate; SL, sublateral; (tu), tube; VL, ventrolateral; VM, ventromedial. Digits after abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number.

Fig. 7 in Taxonomy, genetic diversity, and phylogeny of the Antarctic mud dragon, Polacanthoderes (Kinorhyncha: Echinorhagata: Echinoderidae)

Fig. 7. Polacanthoderes shiraseae sp. nov., scanning electron micrographs of females (A–E) and a male (F). A, overview from lateroventral side; B, head (right side); C, segments 1–4, lateral view; D, segments 1–5, ventral view; E, segments 4–7, lateral view; F, segments 4–6, laterodorsal view. Black arrows and black arrowhead indicate sensory spot and type-2 glandular cell outlet, respectively. Abbreviations (ac), acicular spine; LA, lateral accessory; LD, laterodorsal; LV, lateroventral; MD, middorsal; ML, midlateral; oos, outer oral style; phc, pharynx crown; psps, primary spinoscalid; (sac), small acicular spine; SD, subdorsal; sec, sector number; SL, sublateral; sps, spinoscalid followed by the corresponding ring number (tu), tube; VM, ventromedial. Digits after abbreviations (except for sec and sps) indicate the corresponding segment number.

Fig. 5 in Taxonomy, genetic diversity, and phylogeny of the Antarctic mud dragon, Polacanthoderes (Kinorhyncha: Echinorhagata: Echinoderidae)

Fig. 5. Polacanthoderes shiraseae sp. nov., camera lucida drawings. A, B, holotype female (ICHUM 8348), segments 1–11, dorsal view (A) and ventral view (B); C, D, paratype male (ICHUM 8371), segments 10 and 11, dorsal view (C) and ventral view (D). Abbreviations (ac), acicular spine; gco1/2, type- 1/2 glandular cell outlet; LA, lateral accessory; LD, laterodorsal; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; LV, lateroventral; MD, middorsal; mdp, middorsal placid; ML, midlateral; mvp, midventral placid; pa, papilla; pe, penile spine; (sac), small acicular spine; SD, subdorsal; se, seta; si, sieve plate; SL, sublateral; ss, sensory spots (tu), tube; VL, ventrolateral; VM, ventromedial. Digits in the abbreviations (except for gco1/2) indicate the corresponding segment number.

Fig. 4 in Taxonomy, genetic diversity, and phylogeny of the Antarctic mud dragon, Polacanthoderes (Kinorhyncha: Echinorhagata: Echinoderidae)

Fig. 4. Polacanthoderes martinezi, scanning electron micrographs of females. A, segments 2–5, lateroventral view; B, segments 5–7, lateral view; C, segments 6–8, lateroventral view; D, segment 7, lateroventral view. Black arrows and a black arrowhead indicate sensory spot and type-2 glandular cell outlet, respectively. Abbreviations (ac), acicular spine; LA, lateral accessory; LD, laterodorsal; LV, lateroventral; ML, midlateral; pa, papilla; (sac), small acicular spine; SD, subdorsal; (tu), tube; VM, ventromedial; VL, ventrolateral. Digits in abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number.

Fig. 6 in Taxonomy, genetic diversity, and phylogeny of the Antarctic mud dragon, Polacanthoderes (Kinorhyncha: Echinorhagata: Echinoderidae)

Fig. 6. Polacanthoderes shiraseae sp. nov., DIC photomicrographs. A–F, the holotypic female (ICHUM 8348), neck and segments 1–6, dorsal view (A) and ventral view (B), segments 7–11, dorsal view (C) and ventral view (D), segments 6 and 7, ventral view, focused at cuticle surface (E) and focused at deeper layer (F); G and H, paratype male (ICHUM 8371), segments 6–8, ventral view (G), segments 10 and 11, dorsal view (H). Black arrows, white arrowheads, and black arrowheads indicate sensory spot, type-1 glandular cell outlet, and type-2 glandular cell outlet, respectively. Abbreviations (ac), acicular spine; LA, lateral accessory; LD, laterodorsal; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; LV, lateroventral; MD, middorsal; ML, midlateral; pa, papilla; pe, penile spine; (sac), small acicular spine; SD, subdorsal; si, sieve plate; SL, sublateral; (tu), tube; VL, ventrolateral; VM, ventromedial. Digits in the abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number.

Fig. 3. Polacanthoderes martinezi, DIC photomicrographs. A, B, D, E in Taxonomy, genetic diversity, and phylogeny of the Antarctic mud dragon, Polacanthoderes (Kinorhyncha: Echinorhagata: Echinoderidae)

Fig. 3. Polacanthoderes martinezi, DIC photomicrographs. A, B, D, E, the holotypic female (ZMB 11237), head, neck, and segments 1–5, dorsal view (A) and ventral view (B), segments 6–11, dorsal view (D) and ventral view (E); C, the allotype male (ZMB 11238a), neck and segments 1–6, dorsal view; F, paratype male (ZMB 11238d), segments 7–11, ventral view. Black arrows, white arrowheads, and black arrowheads indicate sensory spot, type-1 glandular cell outlet, and type-2 glandular cell outlet, respectively. Abbreviations (ac), acicular spine; LA, lateral accessory; LD, laterodorsal; LV, lateroventral; MD, middorsal; ML, midlateral; pa, papilla; pe, penile spine; (sac), small acicular spine; SD, subdorsal; (tu), tube; VL, ventrolateral; VM, ventromedial. Digits in the abbreviations indicate the corresponding segment number.

Fig. 1 in Taxonomy, genetic diversity, and phylogeny of the Antarctic mud dragon, Polacanthoderes (Kinorhyncha: Echinorhagata: Echinoderidae)

Fig. 1. Map of Antarctica indicating the type localities of P. martinezi and the sampling stations of P. shiraseae sp. nov. in Lützow-Holm Bay, off Cape Darnley, and off Totten Glacier.

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Fig. 3 in Genetic variation in the spotted seal (Phoca largha Pallas, 1811) from the Rimsky-Korsakov Archipelago (Peter the Great Bay, western sea of Japan) as inferred from mitochondrial DNA control region sequences

Fig. 3. Consensus maximum likelihood tree demonstrating the matrilineal genealogy of some Phocidae species generated from the 460 bp mtDNA control region sequences. The numbers at branch nodes represent bootstrap support of 1000 replications for the maximum likelihood trees and posterior probabilities of 2,000,000 generations for the Bayesian trees with the same topology, respectively. The accession numbers of Phoca largha from Liaodong Bay are highlighted in bold. Scale bar indicates the relative branch lengths.

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Fig. 2 in Genetic variation in the spotted seal (Phoca largha Pallas, 1811) from the Rimsky-Korsakov Archipelago (Peter the Great Bay, western sea of Japan) as inferred from mitochondrial DNA control region sequences

Fig. 2. Minimum spanning network showing the mutational relationships among Phoca largha haplotypes detected in a sample of 32 spotted seal underyearlings. The tick marks on the branches indicate mutational changes. The circle sizes correspond to the number of haplotypes. The haplotypes of groups (A) and (B) are shown in gray and white circles, respectively. The median vectors are indicated by dark dots.

Fig. 2. Polacanthoderes martinezi, camera lucida drawings. A, B in Taxonomy, genetic diversity, and phylogeny of the Antarctic mud dragon, Polacanthoderes (Kinorhyncha: Echinorhagata: Echinoderidae)

Fig. 2. Polacanthoderes martinezi, camera lucida drawings. A, B, holotype female (ZMB 11237), segments 1–11, dorsal view (A) and ventral view (B); C, D, allotype male (ZMB 11238a), segments 10 and 11, dorsal view (C) and ventral view (D). Abbreviations (ac), acicular spine; gco1/2, type-1/2 glandular cell outlet; LA, lateral accessory; LD, laterodorsal; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; LV, lateroventral; MD, middorsal; mdp, middorsal placid; ML, midlateral; mvp, midventral placid; pa, papilla; pe, penile spine; (sac), small acicular spine; SD, subdorsal; se, seta; si, sieve plate; ss, sensory spots (tu), tube; VL, ventrolateral; VM, ventromedial. Digits in the abbreviations (except for gco1/2) indicate the corresponding segment number.

Fig. 8. A in Taxonomic evaluation of the "irani-schidlovskii" species complex (Rodentia: Cricetidae) in the Middle East: a morphological and genetic combination

Fig. 8. A) Ventral, dorsal, and lateral views of the skull. B) Upper and lower tooth rows in Microtus irani darvishi n. ssp. from Bakhtiari Mts., southwestern Iran. The lingual side is to the right. The additional lop of M2 (posterio-lingual salient angle) is absent in all specimens examined. Note the variation of the anterior cup of m1 and the morphotype of M3.

Fig. 7 in Taxonomic evaluation of the "irani-schidlovskii" species complex (Rodentia: Cricetidae) in the Middle East: a morphological and genetic combination

Fig. 7. Unweighted UPGMA tree showing similarities in cranial shape among five OTUs of social voles. The tree was constructed from a matrix of Mahalanobis distances which were obtained from DFA analysis of size-out PCs.

Fig. 6 in Taxonomic evaluation of the "irani-schidlovskii" species complex (Rodentia: Cricetidae) in the Middle East: a morphological and genetic combination

Fig. 6. Bivariate plot of specimens' projection onto size-out principal components PC2 vs. PC3. The percentage of variance explained by individual PC is in parentheses. 95% confidence ellipses show the dispersion of specimens within each OTU. Skulls (in ventral view) are depicted to scale. Character vectors show the relative contribution of the most important linear measurements (character loadings>0.3 for at least one PC). For acronyms for OTUs see Fig. 4.

Fig. 5 in Taxonomic evaluation of the "irani-schidlovskii" species complex (Rodentia: Cricetidae) in the Middle East: a morphological and genetic combination

Fig. 5. Variation in four principal components (PC1, PC2, PC3, PC5) among five OTUs of social voles. The proportion of the variances explained by a particular PC is given in parentheses. Symbols and whiskers show means and standard deviations. Acronyms for OTUs: dr – Microtus irani darvishi n. spp., ir – M. irani irani, so – M. socialis, ka – M. schidlovskii karamani, sh – M. schidlovskii schidlovskii.