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10,006 results for “randomness”
Fetal/maternal-determined birth weight and adulthood type 2 diabetes and its subtypes: a Mendelian randomization study
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The effect of a 6-month tablet-based multimodal training for cognitive functioning in Alzheimer's disease in a randomized controlled trial
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Comparison of Transurethral Split of the Prostate versus Transurethral Resection of the Prostate for Treatment of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia in a Small Prostate Volume: A Prospective Randomized Trial.
<p>The endoscopic appearance before and after surgery</p>
Simulated random habitat networks and generic networks
<p>Simulated random habitat networks and generic networks</p>
Raw data for the paper Analysis of Random Lasing in Human Blood
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Files associated with Rui Jin, Anand Gnanadesikan and Christopher Holder, Using Random Forests to Compare the Sensitivity of Observed Particulate Inorganic and Particulate Organic Carbon to Environmental Conditions
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Effects of blood cell traits on cardiovascular morpho-functional phenotypes: Evidence from Mendelian randomization analysis
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Unraveling the Impact of Nutrients and Dietary Patterns on Periodontitis: A Mendelian Randomization Study
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A global gross primary productivity dataset of sunlit and shaded leaves via combining two-leaf light use efficiency model with random forest from 2002 to 2020
<p><span>The TL-CRF model generated a global </span><span>0.05</span><span><span>´</span></span><span>0.05<span>°</span></span><span> product for eight-day gross primary productivity (GPP) of sunlit and shaded canopies from 2002 to 2020 by embedding the random forest (RF) submodule into the two-leaf light use efficiency (TL-LUE) model while considering the seasonal differences in the clumping index. The RF technique was used to integrate various environmental stress factors including meteorological, hydrological, soil properties, and elevation, thereby improving the overall scale of the complex environmental conditions to the maximum LUE. Eight-day GPP was then aggregated into monthly, seasonal, and annual GPP. This novel GPP product could support further research on spatial and temporal patterns of the carbon cycle and its association with climate change. </span></p>
Random Wikidata-style RDF + dictionary-based files
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Proteome-wide Mendelian randomization study identifies potential therapeutic targets for Coronary atherosclerosis
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Drivers of biomass change in Europe: visual interpretation of a random sample
<p>ESA CCI Biomass maps v.5 were used to identify drivers of biomass change between 2010 and 2020. Sample preparation involved the following steps:</p> <ol> <li>Generated a random sample across Europe where CCI Biomass reported values.</li> <li>Reduced sample size in Turkey and Ukraine by a factor of 10.</li> <li>Reduced sample size in areas with small changes (±25 t/ha) by a factor of 20.</li> <li>Reduced sample size in areas with "Improbable change" Quality Flag by a factor of 20.</li> </ol> <p>This resulted in 4,702 locations classified in Geo-Wiki.org using high-resolution imagery into the following categories:</p> <ol> <li>No changes, remains forest</li> <li>No changes, remains non-forest</li> <li>Not clear if any changes happend</li> <li>Gain: reforestation</li> <li>Gain: afforestation</li> <li>Gain: forest growth</li> <li>Gain: tree crops/agroforestry</li> <li>Gain: urban trees</li> <li>Loss: cropland</li> <li>Loss: tree/shrub crops</li> <li>Loss: roads/trails/buildings</li> <li>Loss: mining and crude oil extraction</li> <li>Loss: forest management</li> <li>Loss: wildfire</li> <li>Loss: insects and diseases</li> <li>Loss: windthrow</li> <li>Loss: other natural disturbances</li> <li>Not sure about drivers</li> </ol>
Evaluation of Clinical application of sclerotherapy combined with oral sirolimus in the treatment of tongue microcystic lymphatic malformation in children:A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Data from: A phase 3 randomized study evaluating sialic acid extended-release for GNE myopathy
Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of aceneuramic acid extended-release (Ace-ER), a treatment intended to replace deficient sialic acid, in patients with GNE myopathy. Methods: UX001-CL301 was a Phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, international study evaluating the efficacy and safety of Ace-ER in patients with GNE Myopathy. Participants who could walk ≥200 meters in a 6-minute walk test at screening were randomized 1:1, and stratified by sex, to receive Ace-ER 6g/day or placebo for 48 weeks and assessed every 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was change in muscle strength over 48 weeks measured by Upper Extremity Composite (UEC) score. Key secondary endpoints included change in Lower Extremity Composite (LEC) score, knee extensor strength, and GNE myopathy-Functional Activity Scale (GNEM-FAS) mobility domain score. Safety assessments included adverse events (AEs), vital signs, and clinical laboratory results. Results: Eighty-nine patients were randomized (Ace-ER n = 45; Placebo n = 44). Change from baseline to week 48 for UEC score between treatments did not differ (least square mean [LSM] Ace-ER -2.25 kg vs Placebo -2.99 kg; LSM difference (confidence interval [CI]) 0.74 (-1.61, 3.09); p = 0.5387). At week 48, there was no significant difference between treatments for the change in key secondary endpoints: LEC LSM difference (CI) -1.49 (-5.83, 2.86); knee extension strength -0.40 (-2.38, 1.58); and GNEM-FAS mobility domain score -0.72 (-2.01, 0.57). Gastrointestinal events were the most common AEs. Conclusions: Ace-ER was not superior to placebo in improving muscle strength and function in patients with GNE myopathy.
Data from: 8-way randomized controlled trial of doxylamine, pyridoxine and dicyclomine for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy: restoration of unpublished information
Objectives: We report information about an unpublished 1970s study ("8-way" Bendectin Study) that aimed to evaluate the relative therapeutic efficacy of doxylamine, pyridoxine, and dicyclomine in the management of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. We are publishing the trial's findings according to the restoring invisible and abandoned trials (RIAT) initiative because the trial was never published. Design: Double blinded, multi-centred, randomized placebo-controlled study. Setting: 14 clinics in the United States. Participants: 2308 patients in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy with complaints of nausea or vomiting were enrolled. Interventions: Each patient was randomized to one of eight arms: placebo, doxylamine/pyridoxine/dicylcomine, doxylamine/pyridoxine, dicylomine/pyridoxine, doxylamine, dicyclomine/pyridoxine, pyridoxine and dicyclomine. Each patient was instructed to take 2 tablets at bedtime and 1 additional tablet in the afternoon or morning if needed, for 7 nights. Outcomes: Reported outcomes included the number of hours of nausea reported by patients, the frequency of vomiting reported by patients and the overall efficacy of medication as judged by physicians. Results: Data from 1599 (69% of those randomized) participants were analyzed. Based on the available summary data of physician evaluation of symptoms and ignoring missing data and data integrity issues, the proportion of participants who were "evaluated moderate or excellent" was greater in each of the seven active treatment groups when compared with placebo (57%): doxylamine/pyridoxine/dicylcomine (14% absolute difference versus placebo; 95% CI: 4 to 24), doxylamine/pyridoxine (21; 95% CI 11 to 30), dicylomine/pyridoxine (21; 95% CI 11 to 30), doxylamine (20; 95% CI 10 to 29), dicyclomine/pyridoxine (4; 95% CI -6 to 14), pyridoxine (9; 95% CI -1 to 19) and dicyclomine (4; 95% CI -6 to 14). Based on incomplete information, the most common adverse events were apparently drowsiness and fatigue. There is a high risk of bias in these previously unpublished results given the high attrition rate in a 7 day trial, the lack of prespecified outcomes or analyses, and the exclusion of some data because of questionable data integrity. Conclusion: The available information about this "8-way Bendectin" trial indicates it should not be used to support the efficacy of doxylamine, pyridoxine or dicyclomine for the treatment of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy because of a high risk of bias.
Effects of supervised exercise training during pregnancy on psychological well-being among overweight and obese women: Secondary analyses of the ETIP-trial, a randomized controlled trial.
<p><b>Objectives: </b>Women with high body mass index (BMI) have increased risk for symptoms of anxiety and depression during pregnancy and postpartum. In this pre-specified secondary analysis from the ETIP trial, our aim was to examine effects of supervised exercise during pregnancy on psychological well-being in late pregnancy and postpartum among women with a pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 28 kg/m<sup>2</sup>.</p> <p><b>Design: </b>Single-centre, parallel group, randomized controlled trial.</p> <p><b>Setting: </b>University Hospital, Norway</p> <p><b>Participants: </b><a name="_Hlk10799837">Ninety-one women (age 31.2±4.1 years, BMI 34.5±4.2 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), 46 in the exercise group, 45 in the control group, were included in the trial. </a></p> <p><b>Intervention:</b> The exercise group was offered three weekly supervised exercise sessions (35 minutes of moderate intensity walking/running and 25 minutes of resistance training), until delivery.</p> <p><b>Primary and secondary outcomes measures:</b> Primary analyses were based on intention to treat, with secondary per-protocol analyses. To assess psychological well-being, we used the «Psychological General Well-Being Index» (PGWBI) at inclusion (gestational week 12-18), late pregnancy (gestational week 34-37), and three months postpartum. We assessed postpartum depression using the «Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale» (EDPS).</p> <p><b>Results:</b> Numbers completed data collection: Late pregnancy 72 (exercise 38, control 36), postpartum 70 (exercise 36, control 34). In the exercise group, 50% adhered to the exercise protocol. Baseline PGWBI for all women was 76.4±12.6. Late pregnancy PGWBI; exercise 76.6 (95% CI 72.2, 81.0), control 74.0 (95% CI 69.4, 78.5) (<i>p</i> = 0.42). Postpartum PGWBI; exercise 85.4 (95% CI 81.9, 88.8), control 84.6 (95% CI 80.8, 88.4) (with no between-group difference, <i>p</i> = 0.77). There was no between-group difference in EDPS; exercise 2.96 (95% CI 1.7, 4.2), control 3.48 (95% CI 2.3, 4.7) (<i>p</i> = 0.55).</p> <p><b>Conclusions: </b>We found no effect of supervised exercise during pregnancy on psychological well-being among women with high BMI. Our findings may be hampered by low adherence to the exercise protocol.</p>
Data from: An investigation of the therapeutic effects of statins with metformin on polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Objectives: To investigate the therapeutic effects of statins with metformin on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Settings: Endocrinology department. Participants: MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched until October 2014. Studies comparing statins and placebo, as well as the combination of statins and metformin and metformin alone, were included in the analysis. Interventions: Data were independently extracted by two researchers; any convergence was resolved by a third reviewer. Primary and secondary outcome measures: The following properties were extracted from the qualified trials to identify the effects of statins: clinical variables, metabolic characteristics, hormone outcomes, sign of inflammation, glucose parameters and insulin outcomes. Results: Data from four trials comparing statin and metformin with metformin alone were analysed. The combination of statins and metformin decreases the levels of C reactive protein (standardised mean difference (SMD) −0.91; 95% CI −1.81 to −0.02; p=0.046), triglyceride (SMD −1.37; 95% CI −2.46 to −0.28; p=0.014), total cholesterol (SMD −1.28; 95% CI −1.59 to −0.97; p=0.000) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (SMD −0.74; 95% CI −1.03 to −0.44; p=0.000). However, the combined therapy fails to reduce fasting insulin (SMD −0.92; 95% CI −2.07 to 0.24; p=0.120), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (SMD −1.15; 95% CI −3.36 to 1.06; p=0.309) and total testosterone (SMD −1.12; 95% CI −2.29 to 0.05; p=0.061). Analysis of the five trials comparing statin with placebo shows that statin monotherapy reduces LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and total cholesterol. Conclusions: Combined statin and metformin therapy can improve lipid and inflammation parameters, but cannot effectively improve insulin sensitivity and reduce hyperandrogenism in women with PCOS. A large-scale randomised controlled study must be conducted to ascertain the long-term effects of the therapy.
Data from: Diminishing-returns epistasis among random beneficial mutations in a multicellular fungus
Adaptive evolution ultimately is fuelled by mutations generating novel genetic variation. Non-additivity of fitness effects of mutations (called epistasis) may affect the dynamics and repeatability of adaptation. However, understanding the importance and implications of epistasis is hampered by the observation of substantial variation in patterns of epistasis across empirical studies. Interestingly, some recent studies report increasingly smaller benefits of beneficial mutations once genotypes become better adapted (called diminishing-returns epistasis) in unicellular microbes and single genes. Here, we use Fisher's geometric model (FGM) to generate analytical predictions about the relationship between the effect size of mutations and the extent of epistasis. We then test these predictions using the multicellular fungus Aspergillus nidulans by generating a collection of 108 strains in either a poor or a rich nutrient environment that each carry a beneficial mutation and constructing pairwise combinations using sexual crosses. Our results support the predictions from FGM and indicate negative epistasis among beneficial mutations in both environments, which scale with mutational effect size. Hence, our findings show the importance of diminishing-returns epistasis among beneficial mutations also for a multicellular organism, and suggest that this pattern reflects a generic constraint operating at diverse levels of biological organization.
Data from: High-throughput genotyping of green algal mutants reveals random distribution of mutagenic insertion sites and endonucleolytic cleavage of transforming DNA
A high-throughput genetic screening platform in a single-celled photosynthetic eukaryote would be a transformative addition to the plant biology toolbox. Here, we present ChlaMmeSeq (Chlamydomonas MmeI-based insertion site Sequencing), a tool for simultaneous mapping of tens of thousands of mutagenic insertion sites in the eukaryotic unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. We first validated ChlaMmeSeq by in-depth characterization of individual insertion sites. We then applied ChlaMmeSeq to a mutant pool and mapped 11,478 insertions, covering 39% of annotated protein coding genes. We observe that insertions are distributed in a manner largely indistinguishable from random, indicating that mutants in nearly all genes can be obtained efficiently. The data reveal that sequence-specific endonucleolytic activities cleave the transforming DNA and allow us to propose a simple model to explain the origin of the poorly understood exogenous sequences that sometimes surround insertion sites. ChlaMmeSeq is quantitatively reproducible, enabling its use for pooled enrichment screens and for the generation of indexed mutant libraries. Additionally, ChlaMmeSeq allows genotyping of hits from Chlamydomonas screens on an unprecedented scale, opening the door to comprehensive identification of genes with roles in photosynthesis, algal lipid metabolism, the algal carbon-concentrating mechanism, phototaxis, the biogenesis and function of cilia, and other processes for which C. reinhardtii is a leading model system.
Supplementary material 1 from: Abu-Samak MS, Hasoun LZ, Barham A, Mohammad BA, Mosleh I, Aljaberi A, Awwad SH (2021) The supplementary effects of omega-3 fatty acid alone and in a combination with vitamin D3 on serum leptin levels: A randomized clinical trial on men and women with vitamin D deficiency. Pharmacia 68(3): 517-525. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e64422
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.