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2,015 results for “context”
Historical context modifies plant diversity–community productivity relationships in alpine grassland
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>While most studies yield positive relationships between biodiversity (B) and ecosystem functioning (EF), awareness is growing that BEF relationships can vary with ecological context. The awareness has led to increased efforts to understand how contemporary environmental context modifies BEF relationships, but the role of historical context, and the mechanisms by which it may influence biodiversity effects, remains poorly understood.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>We examined how historical context alters plant diversity‒community productivity relationships via plant species interactions in alpine grassland. We also tested how historical context modifies interactions between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which can potentially mediate the above processes.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>We studied biodiversity effects on plant community productivity at two grassland sites with different histories related to grazing intensity — heavy versus light livestock grazing — but similar current management. We assembled experimental communities of identical species composition with plants from each of the two sites in disturbed soil from a contemporary heavily grazed grassland, ranging in species richness from one to two, three and six species. Moreover, we carried out a mycorrhizal hyphae-exclusion experiment to test how plant interactions with AM fungi influence plant responses to historical context.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>We detected a significantly positive diversity‒productivity relationship that was driven by complementarity effects in communities composed of plants from the site without heavy-grazing history, but no such relationship in plant communities composed of plants from the site with heavy-grazing history</span><span class="MsoCommentReference"><span>.</span></span><span> </span><span>Plants from the site with heavy-grazing history had increased competitive ability and increased yields in low-diversity communities but disrupted complementarity effects in high-diversity communities. </span><span>Moreover, plants of one species from the site with heavy-grazing history benefitted more from AM fungal communities than did plants from the site without such history.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Synthesis: Using the same experimental design and species, communities assembled by plants from two sites with different historical contexts showed different plant diversity</span><span>‒community productivity relationships</span><span>. Our results suggest that historical context can alter plant diversity</span><span>‒community productivity relationships via plant species interactions and potentially </span><span>plant</span><span>‒soil interactions. Therefore, considering historical contexts of ecological communities is of importance for advancing our understanding of long-term impacts of anthropogenic disturbance on ecosystem functioning.</span></p>
Beyond sex and aggression: Testosterone rapidly matches behavioral responses to social context and tries to predict the future
<p>Although androgens are widely studied in the context of aggression, androgenic influences on prosocial behaviors have been less explored. We examined testosterone's (T) influence on prosocial and aggressive responses in a positively-valenced social context (interacting with a pairbond partner) and a negatively-valenced context (interacting with an intruder) in socially monogamous Mongolian gerbils. T increased and decreased prosocial responses in the same individuals towards a pairbond partner and an intruder, respectively, both within 30 minutes, but did not affect aggression. T also had persistent effects on prosocial behavior; males in which T initially increased prosocial responses towards a partner continued to exhibit elevated prosocial responses towards an intruder male days later until a second T injection rapidly eliminated those responses. Thus, T surges can rapidly match behavior to current social context, as well as prime animals for positive social interactions in the future. Neuroanatomically, T rapidly increased hypothalamic oxytocin, but not vasopressin, cellular responses during interactions with a partner. Together, our results indicate that T can facilitate and inhibit prosocial behaviors depending on social context, that it can influence prosocial responses across rapid and prolonged time scales, and that it affects oxytocin signaling mechanisms that could mediate its context-dependent behavioral influences.</p>
The role of energy storage technologies in the context of the Swiss energy transition (SwissStore)
<p>The role of energy storage is subject to intense debates at the national and international level, reflecting a lack of consensus about the techno-economic potential and respective merits of the various energy storage technologies. This is largely due to the wide spectrum of possible applications, evolving technology and unclear market conditions. In the context of the SwissStore project we studied energy storage in different contexts and from different perspectives, i.e.<br> • in households, in combination with photovoltaic panels (coupled with batteries and thermal storage), taking the perspective of the private investor<br> • in all buildings (all sectors, also with PV), with a focus on increased short-term flexibility, thereby also considering other strategies next to storage (e.g. demand-side response) and taking the perspective of the social planner.<br> In both cases, optimisation frameworks were developed for Switzerland and different scenarios were studied for the next decades.</p>
Practical guide to using Kendall's τ in the context of forecasting critical transitions
<p>Recent studies demonstrate that trends in indicators extracted from measured time series can indicate approaching to an impending transition. Kendall's τ coefficient is often used to study the trend of statistics related to the critical slowing down phenomenon and other methods to forecast critical transitions. Because statistics are estimated from time series, the values of Kendall'sτare affected by parameters such as window size, sample rate and length of the time series, resulting in challenges and uncertainties in interpreting results. In this study, we examine the effects of different parameters on the distribution of the trend obtained from Kendall's τ, and provide insights into how to choose these parameters. We also suggest the use of the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test to evaluate the significance of a Kendall'sτvalue. The non-parametric test is computationally much faster compared to the traditional parametric ARMA test.</p>
Comprehensive Context-specific Genome-scale Metabolic Models for Mus Musculus
<p>Comprehensive Context-specific Genome-scale Metabolic Models for Mus Musculus. The data consists of 28 models for the combination 2 mouse strains (WT and Ob/Ob), 2 diets (WT and HFD) and 7 tissues (Aorta, Heart, Liver, Skeletal Muscle, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus and Epididymal fat).</p>
Dataset related to article "'Understanding fibrosis pathogenesis via modelling macrophage-fibroblast interplay in immune-metabolic context"
<p>This record contains raw data related to article “ 'Understanding fibrosis pathogenesis via modelling macrophage-fibroblast interplay in immune-metabolic context"</p> <p>Abstract not avaible at the moment</p>
Structuring of Data and Metadata in Bioimaging: Concepts and technical Solutions in the Context of Linked Data
<p>guided walkthrough of poster at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821815">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6821815</a></p> <p>which provides an overview of contexts, frameworks, and models from the world of bioimage data as well as metadata and the techniques for structuring this data as Linked Data.</p> <p>You can also watch the video in the browser on the <a href="https://gerbi-gmb.de/i3dbio/i3dbio-resources/metadata-guide/">I3D:bio website</a>.</p>
Supplementary data for "Land tenure drives Brazil's deforestation rates across socio-environmental contexts"
<p>File name: Supplementary Data 1</p> <p>Description: Pre-processed data that contain all the information required to run the statistical analyses that produce our final results. This includes information on the land parcel identification number corresponding to the Imaflora dataset (gid), the covariates, and forest conversion to agriculture for the respective temporal scale. Note, each spatiotemporal scale and tenure regime comparison should be derived from the column “stScale”.</p> <p>File name: Supplementary Data 2</p> <p>Description: Full regression results reporting estimated effects each spatial-temporal scale considered, compared against both an undesignated/untitled public lands and private lands counterfactual. Average Marginal Effects (AME) are reported for each specific compared tenure regime at different spatial and temporal scales (“stScale”), with recorded number of observations in matched sample (n_pop), the standard error (SE), p-value, and lower and upper confidence intervals.</p> <p>File name: Supplementary Data 3</p> <p>Description: Rosenbaum bounds reporting upper and lower bounds for both Hodges-Lehmann estimates and p-values at each spatial-temporal scale considered.</p> <p>For more information on this study please see: see https://doi.org/10.31223/X5D31J and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7062285</p> <p> </p>
Researchers and Their Experimental Models: A Pilot Survey in the Context of the European Union Health and Life Science Research
<p>A significant debate is ongoing on the effectiveness of animal experimentation, due to the increasing reports of failure in the translation of results from preclinical animal experiments to human patients. Scientific, ethical, social and economic considerations linked to the use of animals raise concerns in a variety of societal contributors (regulators, policy makers, non-governmental organisations, industry, etc.). The aim of this study was to record researchers’ voices about their vision on this science evolution, to reconstruct as truthful as possible an image of the reality of health and life science research, by using a key instrument in the hands of the researcher: the experimental models. Hence, we surveyed European-based health and life sciences researchers, to reconstruct and decipher the varying orientations and opinions of this community over these large transformations. In the interest of advancing the public debate and more accurately guide the policy of research, it is important that policy makers, society, scientists and all stakeholders (1) mature as comprehensive as possible an understanding of the researchers’ perspectives on the selection and establishment of the experimental models, and (2) that researchers publicly share the research community opinions regarding the external factors influencing their professional work. Our results highlighted a general homogeneity of answers from the 117 respondents. However, some discrepancies on specific key issues and topics were registered in the subgroups. These recorded divergent views might prove useful to policy makers and regulators to calibrate their agenda and shape the future of the European health and life science research. Overall, the results of this pilot study highlight the need of a continuous, open and broad discussion between researchers and science policy stakeholders.</p>
Context Camera digital elevation models for Aeolis Dorsa, Mars
<p>Mars topography dataset with Context Camera (CTX) digital elevation models produced using the Ames Stereo Pipeline at the Murray Lab at Caltech.</p>
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN ANALYZED UNDER THE THOUGHT OF EDMUND HUSSERL IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SOCIETY OF APURIMAC
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p>The purpose of the investigation was to analyze the experiences and perspectives on violence against women in the Apurímac region. The analysis was carried out through interviews with women in each of the provinces of Apurimac. The aim was to learn about the status of women's rights and the effectiveness of provisions and regulations for their protection. It will also delve into the vast cultural and social diversity present in the interviews themselves, in contrast to the current normative system. The results will allow us to address possible future advances for the respect of women's rights.</p> <p><strong>Key words:</strong> gender violence, patriarchy, abuse against women, poverty.</p>
PiH Dataset for Determining Exception Context in Assembly Operations form Multimodal Data
<p>PiH Dataset used in Simonič, M.; Majcen Hrovat, M.; Džeroski, S.; Ude, A.; Nemec, B. Determining Exception Context in Assembly Operations from Multimodal Data. <em>Sensors</em> <strong>2022</strong>, <em>22</em>, 7962. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207962</p> <p>The dataset consists of color images of different outcomes of the PiH task as well as the corresponding Cartesian pose of the robot end-effector and force torque data. Data is organized into two folders, representing one of the two possible insertion slots. In each of the folders, data is further split into the following cases:<br> - error in insertion target position ranging from -10 to 10 mm in x direction in 1 mm steps,<br> - error in insertion target position ranging from -10 to 10 mm in y direction in 1 mm steps,<br> - no positional error.</p> <p>Multiple attempts were made for each case.</p> <p>Each entry has unique date-time tag and comprises: RGB image (.jpg) and .mat file with <em>states </em>object that contains reference and measured target pose in Cartesian space (positions and quaternions) and raw force-torque sensor data and force-torque data transformed to the tool frame.</p> <p>The experiments were performed with Franka Emika Panda collaborative robot. For acquisition of image data an Intel Realsense D435 RGB-D camera has been utilized. </p>
Rings Insertion Dataset for Determining Exception Context in Assembly Operations form Multimodal Data
<p>Rings Insertion Dataset used in Simonič, M.; Majcen Hrovat, M.; Džeroski, S.; Ude, A.; Nemec, B. Determining Exception Context in Assembly Operations from Multimodal Data. <em>Sensors</em> <strong>2022</strong>, <em>22</em>, 7962. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207962</p> <p>The dataset consists of color images of different outcomes of the ring insertion task as well as the corresponding Cartesian pose of the robot end-effector and force torque data. Data is organized into four folders, representing one of the possible insertion slots. In each of the folders, data is further split into the following cases:<br> - error in insertion target position ranging from -3 to 3 mm in x direction in 1 mm steps,<br> - error in insertion target position ranging from -3 to 3 mm in y direction in 1 mm steps,<br> - no positional error,<br> - other unidentified error (bad insertion).</p> <p>Multiple attempts were made for each case.</p> <p>Each entry has unique date-time tag and comprises: RGB image (.jpg) and .mat file with <em>states </em>object that contains reference and measured target pose in Cartesian space (positions and quaternions) and raw force-torque sensor data and force-torque data transformed to the tool frame.</p> <p>The experiments were performed with Franka Emika Panda collaborative robot. For acquisition of image data an Intel Realsense D435 RGB-D camera has been utilized. </p>
Silchester Baths 2021. Caldarium. Context 5004.
Excavated in 2021 in Trench 5. Collapse flooring overlying and partially crushing pilae and in-situ use deposits. We don't have much in the way of remains of flooring in the caldarium. Just this area of collapse and a large piece at the north end about 80cm long. Perhaps the antiquarian excavators cleared away alot of it to reveal the visually impressive pilae stacks. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Dataset of cropping cycles possibilities considered by the MERLIN model for urban microfarms in the London context
<p>This dataset is related to the article “<strong>Reconciling economic viability and socio-ecological aspirations is possible but challenging for London urban microfarms”</strong> submitted to the journal <strong>Agronomy for Sustainable Development.</strong></p> <p>The table presents the 274 cropping possibilities for the 36 crops considered by the MERLIN model for crop planning in London microfarms. For each crop and location (outdoors or in tunnel), the different possibilities of cropping cycles are described with month of planting the crop, the month of first harvest and the month of last harvest (some vegetables can be harvested various times during their production cycle).</p>
Adolescent screen time and unhealthy food consumption in the context of the digital development in New Caledonia
<p>Data from self-report questionnaires on time spent in front of tablets, computers and mobile phones, as well as the consumption of unhealthy food and drinks.</p> <p>Participant characteristics: 11 to 15 years old students.</p> <p>Number of participants: 867.</p> <p>Year of the study: 2018 - 2019.</p> <p>Place of the study: New Caledonia.</p> <p> </p>
Data for paper: Transfer learning for cross-context prediction of protein expression from 5'UTR sequence
<p>This depsit contains data for the paper entitled: "<strong>Transfer learning for cross-context prediction of protein expression from 5'UTR sequence</strong>".</p> <p>The <strong>rebeca.zip</strong> file contains a snapshot of the rebeca package which can be used to train, fine tune and test the CONV-LSTM model used in this study.</p> <p>The <strong>datasets.zip</strong> file contains the compiled sequence to expression datasets from across all Flow-seq expressions considered in this study. </p> <p>The <strong>analysis.zip</strong> file contains all data files and jupyter notebooks necessary to reproduce our analysis. Each Flow-seq study has a dedicated folder (e.g., `fepB') with two sub-folders: 1. The `data\_split' folder, which contains the steps necessary to split the Flow-seq data for our ML experiments (a `readme.txt' file describes the input and output files and a jupyter notebook is available to reproduce the data split); 2. The `data\_analysis' folder, which contains a jupyter notebook and the necessary input files to reproduce the analysis of our experiments.</p>
531EC - Elderly Context
<p>Elderly Context</p>
Fig. 1 in Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis as a tool to extract fishing footprints: application to small scale fisheries and implications for management in the context of the Maritime Spatial Planning Directive
Fig. 1: Map of the study area.
Occurrences of Maritime Phraseology in the Context of Brexit 2015-2022
<p>This dataset is part of a BA/Leverhulme Small Research Grant entitled "A Sea of Opportunity" - The Maritime Dimension of Brexit Narratives (https://www.coventry.ac.uk/research/research-directories/current-projects/2023/a-sea-of-opportunity).</p> <p>This dataset maps occurrences of maritime phraseology using governmental, survey, and media archival sources between 2015 and 2022. It is useful for understanding how maritime phraseology helped shape narratives during the Brexit campaign, referendum result, and political aftermath. This is not an exhaustive list of maritime related terms; instead, it offers a snapshot of how pertinent the maritime dimension was in the context of Brexit.</p> <p>We draw on the following sources to compile the dataset:</p> <ol> <li>House of Commons Hansard debates that focus specifically on Brexit from January 2015 to December 2022.</li> <li>The digital archives of The Guardian (remain) and The Daily Mail (leave) between 2016 and 2022.</li> <li>‘UK in a Changing Europe’ website. Extracting key maritime phraseology from 59 interviews with campaigners, politicians, civil servants and officials that were involved in the Brexit process. Interviews were carried out between 2020 and 2022.</li> <li>‘What UK Thinks’ repository run by NatCen Social Research, which provides survey and polling data.</li> </ol>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.