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opencc-by-4.0May 2020View details →

Fig. 4. BMNH R.329 in A taxonomic revision of geoemydid turtles from Siwalik-age of India and Pakistan

Fig. 4. BMNH R.329, referred to Damonia hamiltoni (Gray, 1830) by Lydekker (1889b), here identified as Palatochelydia indet. A. Photograph of carapace in lateral view. B. Illustration of carapace in lateral view. Scale bar: 3 cm.

opencc-by-4.0May 2020View details →

Fig. 6. BMNH R.958 in A taxonomic revision of geoemydid turtles from Siwalik-age of India and Pakistan

Fig. 6. BMNH R.958, referred to Hardella thurgi (Gray, 1831) by Lydekker (1889b, under the number BMNH R.954), here identified as Palatochelydia indet. A. Photograph of carapace. B. Illustration of carapace. C. Photograph of carapace in lateral view. D. Illustration of carapace in lateral view. E. Photograph of plastron. F. Illustration of plastron. Scale bar: 3 cm.

Precise distances, masses, ages and 3D velocities of ~140000 red clump stars

We present a sample of $\sim$\,140,000 primary red clump (RC) stars of spectral signal-to-noise ratios higher than 20 from the LAMOST Galactic spectroscopic surveys, selected based on their positions in the metallicity-dependent effective temperature--surface gravity and color--metallicity diagrams, supervised by high-quality $Kepler$ asteroseismology data. The stellar masses and ages of those stars are further determined from the LAMOST spectra, using the Kernel Principal Component Analysis method, trained with thousands of RCs in the  LAMOST-$Kepler$ fields with accurate asteroseismic mass measurements.   The purity and completeness of our primary RC sample are generally higher than 80\,per cent. For the mass and age, a variety of tests show typical uncertainties of 15 and 30\,per cent, respectively. Using over ten thousand primary RCs with accurate distance measurements from the parallaxes of Gaia\,DR2, we re-calibrate the $K_{\rm s}$ absolute magnitudes of primary RCs by, for the first time, considering both the metallicity and age dependencies. With the the new calibration, distances are derived for all the primary RCs, with a typical uncertainty of 5--10\,per cent,  even better than the values yielded by the Gaia parallax measurements for stars beyond 3--4\,kpc. The sample covers a significant volume of the Galactic disk of $4\,\leq\,R\,\leq\,16$\,kpc, $|Z|\,\leq\,5$\,kpc, and $-20\,\leq\,\phi\,\leq\,50^{\circ}$. Stellar atmospheric parameters, line-of-sight velocities and elemental abundances derived from the LAMOST spectra and proper motions of Gaia\,DR2 are also provided for the sample stars. Finally, the selection function of the sample is carefully evaluated in the color-magnitude plane for different sky areas. Details about the table:   RA: Right ascension (degrees)   DEC: Declination (degrees)   GLON: Galactic longitude l (degrees)   GLAT: Galactic latitude b (degrees)   RV: Line-of-sight velocity (km/s)   ERR_RV: Uncertainty of line-of-sight velocity (km/s)   TEFF: Effective temperature (K)   ERR_TEFF: Uncertainty of effective temperature (K)    LOGG: Surface gravity    ERR_LOGG: Uncertainty of surface gravity    FEH: Metallicity    ERR_FEH: Uncertainty of metallicity    AFE: Alpha-to-iron abundance    ERR_AFE: Uncertainty of apha-to-iron abundance    AGE: Stellar age (Gyr)    ERR_AGE: Uncertainty of stellar age (Gyr)    MASS: Stellar mass (solar mass)    ERR_MASS: Uncertainty of stellar mass (solar mass)    J: 2MASS J band magnitude    ERR_J: Uncertainty of 2MASS J band magnitude    H: 2MASS H band magnitude    ERR_H: Uncertainty of 2MASS H band magnitude    KS: 2MASS Ks band magnitude    ERR_KS: Uncertainty of 2MASS Ks band magnitude    G: Gaia DR2 G band magnitude    ERR_G: Uncertainty of Gaia DR2 G band magnitude    BP: Gaia DR2 BP band magnitude    ERR_BP: Uncertainty of Gaia DR2 BP band magnitude    RP: Gaia DR2 RP band magnitude    ERR_RP: Uncertainty of Gaia DR2 RP band magnitude    EBV: E (B - V) (mag)    MKS: Absolute magnitude in Ks band    DISTANCE: distance (kpc)    ERR_DISTANCE: Uncertainty of distance (kpc)    PARALLAX: Gaia DR2 parallax (mas)    ERR_PARALLAX: Uncertainty of Gaia DR2 parallax (mas)    PMRA: Proper motion in R.A. (mas/yr)    ERR_PMRA: Uncertainty of proper motion in R.A. (mas/yr)    PMDEC: Proper motion in Dec. (mas/yr)    ERR_PMDEC: Uncertainty of proper motion in Dec. (mas/yr)    F_CMD: Selection fraction in color-magnitude diagram

MCMC Chains of Age Estimation for Rose et al. 2019

This is the full MCMC chains from the analysis of Rose, Garnavich, Berg 2019, ApJ 874, 32 (https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab0704). The analysis code is available on GitHub (https://github.com/benjaminrose/MC-Age) and archived at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3875494.

opencc-zeroJun 2020View details →

Differential ESR1 promoter Methylation in the peripheral blood of healthy middle-aged and older women- findings from the women 40+ healthy aging study

Background <a name="_Hlk24051013">Estrogen receptor alpha (ER</a>α) contributes to maintain biological processes preserving health during aging. DNA methylation changes of ERα gene (ESR1) were established as playing a direct role in the regulation of ERα levels. In this study, we hypothesized decreased DNA methylation of ESR1 associated with postmenopause, lower estradiol levels and increased age among healthy middle-aged and older women. Methods We assessed DNA methylation of ESR1 promoter region from dried blood spots and estradiol from saliva samples, among 130 healthy women aged 40-73 years. Results We found that postmenopause and lower estradiol levels were associated with lower DNA methylation of a distal regulatory region, but not with DNA methylation of proximal promoters. Conclusion Our results indicate possible adaptive changes of ESR1 methylation in women healthy aging.

Data and code for project on maternal age and recombination rate in Drosophila pseudoobscura

Github repository containing data files and scripts to reproduce the analysis for the manuscript titled: "Maternal age alters recombination rate in Drosophila pseudoobscura".

Effects of hot-wet storage aging, CNT-integration and damping layer interposition on static and fatigue interlaminar shear response of a UD Graphite/Epoxy material system

The present work aims at experimental quantification of the effect of hot-wet storage aging on the static and fatigue interlaminar shear response of three UD Graphite-Epoxy based material systems: a control laminate, a CNT-treated laminate and a lamination including an embedded damping veil. In this context, specimens have been fabricated and tested for determination of the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) according to the relevant ASTM standard, and the effects of the above mentioned constituents on the response of non-aged (RT) and aged (HW) specimens have been investigated. The experimental data, presented in batch mode, indicated that aging leads to severe degradation of the interlaminar shear strength and relevant fatigue endurance of all material systems, whereas the CNT-treated laminate appeared to be the most sensitive configuration. In the case of nonaged specimens, CNT-treatment led to larger failure strains and a clear bilinear response, while all three material systems exhibited similar values of interlaminar shear strength.

"Shifts in Phytoplankton Composition and Stepwise Climate Change during the Middle Miocene" - Age-depth models and calcareous nannofossil census data

This is a data supplement to the paper "Shifts in Phytoplankton Composition and Stepwise Climate Change during the Middle Miocene" (Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology). Data Set S1. Age-depth models. This data set includes the file SI_Tables S2-S5_Henderiks_etal.xlsx containing raw age-depth tie point compilations for each site and sample age estimates, as well as the final, site-specific input files and output (age assignments) from the Undatable Matlab software Version 1.1 (Lougheed and Obrochta, 2019; https://doi.org/10.1029/2018PA003457). The age-depth models presented in this study can be reproduced by running the age-depth model input files in the Undatable graphical user interface (GUI), whereby the necessary settings for the specific number of Monte Carlo iterations, xfactor and bootstrapping are contained in the header of the input files. Note that input and output files are grouped in two zipped folders: a cm- and meter-depth scale version (the latter decreases computing time and produced the age-depth plots shown in Figures S1 and S2 of the paper). Data Set S2. Calcareous nannofossil census data. The file SI_ds02_Henderiks_etal.xlsx consists of two separate data sheets: 1. Middle Miocene nannofossil abundance estimates (N/g) and genus-level census counts (%, ±95% CI) at 5 different Atlantic deep-sea sites (Sites 982, 608, 925, 926 and 1264). 2. Middle Miocene census counts (%, ±95% CI) of Coccolithus and Reticulofenestra morphospecies and size categories for Sites 982, 608, 925 and 926.

Dataset of the study "Bridging cultural studies and learning science: An investigation of social media use for Holocaust memory and education in the digital age"

This Zenodo item contains the dataset of the study: Manca, S. (2020). “Bridging cultural studies and learning science: An investigation of social media use for Holocaust memory and education in the digital age". Abstract Along with advances in communication technology that are making new forms of historical memorialization and education available, social media are researched as valuable tools for supporting forms of digital memory and for engaging students and teachers about historical knowledge and moral education. This study aims to map the current state of Holocaust remembrance and Holocaust education and to identify main topics of research in the two areas. It adopts a mixed-method approach that combines qualitative analysis with bibliometric approaches to review publications that use social media for digital memory and history education about the Holocaust. Results based on 28 publications reveal several research topics and that, despite some common theoretical references, the two subfields mostly rely on separate conceptual backgrounds. While Holocaust remembrance is a well-established research field, there are few studies and a lack of theoretical elaboration about social media use for teaching and learning about the Holocaust.

Dataset on the reproductive and actuarial ageing in a population of meadow vipers (Vipera ursinii) in the Mont Serein (France)

This dataset gather the data used in the mansucript entitled Micro-geographic shift between negligible and actuarial senescence in a wild snake. Each sheet of data refers to a specific figure from the article.

Bo bell from the Bronze Age China

In the image we can see a bo bell (Shaanxi, Eastern Zhou, first half of the 5th century BC, bronze).  It has on its surface 18 bosses formed like coiled snakes. This bell would have likely been among the largest bells of a graduated set of bell (carillon). It would have produced deep tones during the ritual ceremonies in which it was used. The tones produced by the large bells were able of resonating longer than those produced by smaller ones. The bell is at the Museo d'Arte Orientale, MAO, Torino. On the chinese carillons, see Von Falkenhausen, L. (1993). Suspended music: Chime-bells in the culture of Bronze Age China. Univ of California Press.

opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →

Data from: Persistent firing in LEC III neurons is differentially modulated by learning and aging

Whether and how persistent firing in lateral entorhinal cortex layer III (LEC III) supports temporal associative learning is still unknown. In this study, persistent firing was evoked in vitro from LEC III neurons from young and aged rats that were behaviorally naïve or trained on trace eyeblink conditioning. Persistent firing ability from neurons from behaviorally naïve aged rats was lower compared to neurons from young rats. Neurons from learning impaired aged animals also exhibited reduced persistent firing capacity, which may contribute to aging-related learning impairments. Successful acquisition of the trace eyeblink task, however, increased persistent firing ability in both young and aged rats. These changes in persistent firing ability are due to changes to the afterdepolarization, which may in turn be modulated by the postburst afterhyperpolarization. Together, these data indicate that successful learning increases persistent firing ability and d ecreases in persistent firing ability contribute to learning impairments in aging.

Data from: Immune checkpoint protein VSIG4 as a biomarker of aging in Murine adipose tissue

Adipose tissue is recognized as a major source of systemic inflammation with age, driving age-related tissue dysfunction and pathogenesis. Macrophages (Mϕ) are central to these changes yet adipose tissue Mφ (ATMs) from aged mice remain poorly characterized. To identify biomarkers underlying changes in aged adipose tissue, we performed an unbiased RNA-seq analysis of ATMs from young (10-week old) and healthy aged (80-week old) mice. One of the genes identified, V-set immunoglobulin-domain-containing 4 (VSIG4/CRIg), encodes a Mφassociated complement receptor and B7 family-related immune checkpoint protein. Here, we demonstrate that Vsig4 expression is highly upregulated with age in perigonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT) in two mouse strains (inbred C57BL/6J and outbred NIH Swiss) independent of gender. The accumulation of VSIG4 was mainly associated with a 4-fold increase in the proportion of VSIG4+ ATMs (13% to 52%). In a longitudinal study, VSIG4 expression in gWAT showed a strong correlation with age within a cohort of male and female mice and correlated strongly with physiological frailty index (PFI, a multi-parameter assessment of health) in male mice. Our results indicate that VSIG4 is a novel biomarker of aged murine ATMs. VSIG4 expression was also found to be elevated in other aging tissues (e.g., thymus), and was strongly induced in tumor-adjacent stroma in cases of spontaneous and xenograft lung cancer models. VSIG4 expression was recently associated with cancer and several inflammatory diseases with diagnostic and prognostic potential in both mice and humans. Further investigation is required to determine whether VSIG4-positive Mϕ contribute to immunosenescence and/or systemic age-related deficits.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Data 2 for "Population- and age-specific patterns of haemosporidian assemblages and infection levels in European Bee-eaters (Merops apiaster)"

Data related to the article "Population- and age-specific patterns of haemosporidian assemblages and infection levels in European Bee-eaters (Merops apiaster)" in the format .fas. FASTA file contains sequences cytochrome b which were assigned to haemosporidian lineages with the R script (see 10.5281/zenodo.3968360).

Data from: Differential aging trajectories in motivation, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility in Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus)

Across the life-span, the performance in problem-solving tasks varies strongly, due to age-related variation in cognitive abilities as well as the motivation to engage in a task. Nonhuman primates provide an evolutionary perspective on human cognitive and motivational aging, as they lack an insight into their own limited lifetime, and aging trajectories are not affected by customs and societal norms. To test age-related variation in inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and persistence, we presented Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus), living at La Forêt des Singes in Rocamadour (France), with three problem-solving tasks. We conducted 297 trials with 143 subjects aged 2—30 years. We found no effect of age on success and latency to succeed in the inhibitory control task. In the cognitive flexibility task, 21 out of 99 monkeys were able to switch their strategy, but there was no evidence for an effect of age. Yet, the persistence in the motivation task as well as the overall likelihood to participate in any of the tasks declined with increasing age. These results suggest that motivation declines earlier than the cognitive abilities assessed in this study, corroborating the notion that non-human primates and humans show similar changes in motivation in old age.

Data from: Accelerated epigenetic age and cognitive decline among urban-dwelling adults

Objectives. Epigenetic modifications are closely linked with aging, but their relationship with cognition remains equivocal. Given known sex differences in epigenetic aging, we explored sex-specific associations of three DNA methylation-based (DNAm) measures of epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) with baseline and longitudinal change in cognitive performance among middle-aged urban adults. Methods. We used exploratory data from a sub-group of participants in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study with complete DNA samples and whose baseline ages were >50.0y (2004-2009) to estimate three DNAm EAA measures: (A) universal epigenetic age acceleration (AgeAccel); (B) intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (IEAA) ; and (C) extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (EEAA). Cognitive performance was measured at baseline visit (2004-2009) and first follow-up (2009-2013) with 11 test scores covering global mental status and specific domains such as learning/memory, attention, visuo-spatial, psychomotor speed, language/verbal and executive function executive. A series of mixed-effects regression models were conducted adjusting for covariates and multiple testing (N=147-156, ~51% men, k=1.7-1.9 observations/participant, mean follow-up time~4.7y). Results. EEAA, a measure of both biological age and immunosenescence, was consistently associated with greater cognitive decline among men on tests of visual memory/visuo-constructive ability (Benton Visual Retention Test: γ11=0.0512±0.0176, p=0.004) and attention/processing speed (Trail making test, part A: γ11=0.219±0.080, p=0.007). AgeAccel and IEAA were not associated with cognitive change in this sample. Conclusions. EEAA capturing immune system cell aging was associated with faster decline among men in domains of attention and visual memory. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to replicate our findings.

Age-dependent phenological plasticity in a wild bird

Life-history traits are often plastic in response to environmental factors such as temperature or precipitation, and they also vary with age in many species. Trait variation during the lifetime could thus be partly driven by age-dependent plasticity in these traits. We study whether plasticity of a phenological trait – the egg-laying date – with respect to spring temperature, varies with age, and explore whether this variation relates to changes in breeding success throughout the life cycle. We use data from a four-decade long-term monitoring of a wild population of blue tits in Corsica to estimate age-dependent plasticity of reproductive phenology and annual reproductive success. We show that both laying date plasticity and annual reproductive success vary with age: young and old females are less plastic, and fledge fewer offspring, than middle-age females. Furthermore, in contrast to young and prime-age females, in old females fledging success does not depend on laying date. 5. Phenological plasticity is a major mechanism for coping with rapid environmental variation. Our results suggest that understanding its role in adaptation to climate change and population persistence requires integrating the age structure of the population.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

The Ubiquitin Ligase WWP1 Contributes to Shifts in Matrix Proteolytic Profiles and a Myocardial Aging Phenotype with Diastolic Heart Failure

Aims. Ubiquitylation is a key event that regulates protein turnover, and induction of the ubiquitin ligase E3 WWP1 has been associated with age. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) commonly occurs as a function of age and can cause heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (EF; HFpEF). We hypothesized that overexpression (O/E) of WWP1 in the heart would cause LVH as well as functional and structural changes consistent with the aging HFpEF phenotype. Methods and Results. Global WWP1 O/E was achieved in mice (n=11) and echocardiography (40 MHz) performed to measure LV mass, EF, Doppler velocities (early-E, late/atrial-A), myocardial relaxation (E’), and isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) at 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Age matched wild type animals (n=15) were included as referent controls. LV EF was identical (60+1% vs 60+1%, p>0.90) with no difference in LV mass (67+3 vs 75+5, p>0.25) at 4 weeks. However, at 8 weeks of age, LV mass increased by over two-fold, E/A fell (impaired passive filling), and E/E’ was lower and IVRT prolonged (impaired LV relaxation) - all p<0.05. Collagen percent area increased by over two-fold and fibrillar collagen expression (rtPCR) by over 1.5 fold (p<0.05) with WWP1 O/E. WWP1 with an anti-WWP1 antibody could be identified in isolated cardiac fibroblasts with WWP1 increased by over two-fold in O/E fibroblasts (p<0.05). Conclusion. Inducing WWP1 expression caused LVH, preserved systolic function, but impaired diastolic dysfunction, consistent with the HFpEF phenotype. Targeting the WWP1 pathway may be a novel therapeutic target for this intractable form of HF associated with aging.

Data from: Osteosarcopenia in reproductive-aged women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a multicenter case-control study

Context: Osteosarcopenia (loss of skeletal muscle and bone mass and/or function usually associated with aging) shares pathophysiological mechanisms with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the relationship between osteosarcopenia and PCOS remains unclear. Objective: We evaluated skeletal muscle index% (SMI%=[appendicular muscle mass/weight {kg}]×100) and bone mineral density (BMD) in PCOS <a name="_Hlk36059693">(hyperandrogenism+oligoamenorrhea), and contrasted these musculoskeletal markers against 3 reproductive phenotypes: (1) HA (hyperandrogenism+eumenorrhea); (2) OA (normoandrogenic+oligoamenorrhea) and, (3) controls (normoandrogenic+eumenorrhea). </a>Endocrine predictors of SMI% and BMD were evaluated across groups. Design, Setting, Participants: Multicenter case-control study of 203 women (18–48y) in New York State. <a name="_Hlk36062204">Results:</a> PCOS group exhibited reduced SMI% (<a name="_Hlk35952064">mean [95%CI]; 26.2% [25.1,27.3] vs. 28.8% [27.7,29.8])</a>, lower-extremity SMI% (57.6% [56.7,60.0] vs. 62.5% [60.3,64.6]), and BMD (1.11 [1.08,1.14] vs. 1.17 [1.14,1.20] g/cm2) compared to controls. PCOS group also had decreased upper (0.72 [0.70,0.74] vs. 0.73 [0.71,0.76] g/cm2) and lower (1.13 [1.10,1.16] vs. 1.15 [1.12,1.18] g/cm2) limb BMD compared to HA. Matsuda index was lower in PCOS vs. controls and positively associated with SMI% in all groups (All:P≤0.05). Only controls showed associations between insulin-like-growth-factor-1 (IGF-1) and upper (r=0.84) and lower (r=0.72) limb BMD (All:P<0.01). Unlike in PCOS, IGF binding-protein-2 was associated with SMI% in controls (r=0.45) and HA (r=0.67), and with upper limb BMD (r=0.98) in HA (All:P<0.05). Conclusions: Women with PCOS exhibit early signs of osteosarcopenia compared to controls likely attributed to disrupted insulin function. Understanding the degree of musculoskeletal deterioration in PCOS is critical for implementing targeted interventions that prevent and delay osteosarcopenia in this clinical population.

Data from: Host sex and age typically explain variation in parasitism of Rock Ptarmigan: implications for identifying determinants of exposure and susceptibility

Measures of parasitism often differ between hosts. This variation is thought due in part to age or sex differences in exposure to parasites and/or susceptibility to parasitism. We assessed how often age or sex biases in parasitism were found using a large, multi-year (2006 – 2017) dataset of 12 parasite species of Icelandic Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus muta). We found host traits (i.e. age and/or sex) accounted for significant variation in abundance of 11 of the 12 parasite species. We often found increased abundance among juvenile hosts, although significant adult biases were observed for three parasite species. Additionally, higher levels of parasitism by many species were observed for female hosts, contrary to frequent male biases in parasitism reported for other vertebrates. Abundance of six parasite species was best explained by interactions between host age and sex; some degree of decrease in abundance with host age was present for both male and female hosts for four of those parasite species. We consider various host and parasite traits that could account for observed singular and repeated patterns of age and/or sex biases in parasitism (e.g. age- and sex-related grouping behaviours, age-specific mortality in relation to parasitism, acquisition of greater immunity with age). This work provides a foundation for future studies investigating age-related differences in acquired immunity and age-specific parasite-mediated mortality for males and females, as well as studies on interactions between co-infecting parasite species.