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FIGURE 2. Polystichum jinpingense.—A. Habit.—B. Rhizome scale.—C in Polystichum jinpingense (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae), a new fern from southeastern Yunnan, China
FIGURE 2. Polystichum jinpingense.—A. Habit.—B. Rhizome scale.—C. Portion of petiole.—D. Portion of basal rachis with pinnae.— E, F. Rachis scales (Drawn by Z-LL based on the holotype, scale bars A & D = 1 cm, B & C = 1 mm, E & F = 0.5 mm).
SCALE-AMPS data: Simulation results of SHEBA case_Appednix C
<p>SCALE-AMPS simulation data for the article "Modeling Performance of SCALE-AMPS: Simulations of Arctic Mixed-Phase Clouds Observed during SHEBA<span> </span>". The simulation setup is specified in the Appendix C.</p>
Figure 2 in Middle Jurassic origin in India: a new look at evolution of Vermileonidae and time-scaled relationships of lower brachyceran flies
Figure 2. ALIGROOVE analysis for the datasets considering the third codon positions and RNA. The mean similarity score between sequences is represented by a coloured square, based on ALIGROOVE scores from minus one, indicating a large difference in sequence composition from the remainder of the dataset (red coloration), to plus one, indicating similarity to all other comparisons (blue coloration). Species of Vermileonidae are circled in red.
Figure 5. Chronogram for Brachycera. A in Middle Jurassic origin in India: a new look at evolution of Vermileonidae and time-scaled relationships of lower brachyceran flies
Figure 5. Chronogram for Brachycera. A chronogram is the Bayesian topology resulting from analysis of the AP12R dataset. Branches have been separated by different colours (same as Fig. 4). Species of Vermileonidae are marked with a red asterisk. The numbers close to the branching points are the mean age. The bar through each node shows the time interval that contains 95% of the probability for the node age.
Figure 4 in Middle Jurassic origin in India: a new look at evolution of Vermileonidae and time-scaled relationships of lower brachyceran flies
Figure 4. Phylogenetic relationships among major lineages of the lower Brachycera inferred from the AP12R dataset. Numbers close to the branching points are Bayesian posterior probabilities expressed as percentages. Relevant taxonomic groups and branches have been separated by different colours.
Figure 3 in Middle Jurassic origin in India: a new look at evolution of Vermileonidae and time-scaled relationships of lower brachyceran flies
Figure 3. Comparison of non-synonymous substitution rate (Ka; for detailed data, see Supporting Information, Table S7). Overall data, including all sampled species, are shown, with infraorder, superfamily or family membership as indicated.
Dataset of Teaching anxiety, stress and resilience of academic professionals in Mexico, using the adapted COVID-19 stress scales (ACSS)
<p>Datasets for Academic professionals</p>
FIGURE 3 in Descriptions of all the female developmental stages of Endernia despoliata Danzig a gall-inducing pit scale (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Asterolecaniidae)
FIGURE 3. First-instar nymph of Edernia despoliata Danzig; A. Anal ring with associated setae; B. 8-shaped pore; C. Trilocular pore; D. Quinquelocular pore; E. Simple disc pore.
FIGURE 2 in Descriptions of all the female developmental stages of Endernia despoliata Danzig a gall-inducing pit scale (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Asterolecaniidae)
FIGURE 2. Adult female of Edernia despoliata Danzig; A. Antenna; B. Anal ring with associated setae; C. Long tubular duct; D. Simple disc pore; E. Quinquelocular pore; F. Trilocular pore; G. Short tubular duct; H. Multilocular pore; I. Short seta.
FIGURE 1 in Descriptions of all the female developmental stages of Endernia despoliata Danzig a gall-inducing pit scale (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Asterolecaniidae)
FIGURE 1. Photographs of Edernia despoliata Danzig in life: A. Galls of adult females induced in a twig; B. Gall cut open to show adult female inside; C. Gall cut open to show eggs; D. First-instar parasitic nymphs on a one-year-old twig, with a single insect indicated by the red arrow; E. Second-instar nymphs, each in a slightly developed gall; F. Gall cut to show third-instar nymph inside.
FIGURE 5 in Descriptions of all the female developmental stages of Endernia despoliata Danzig a gall-inducing pit scale (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Asterolecaniidae)
FIGURE 5. Third-instar nymph of Edernia despoliata Danzig; A. Antenna; B. Anal ring with associated setae; C. Simple disc pore; D. Quinquelocular pore; E. 8-shaped pore; F. Short tubular duct.
FIGURE 4 in Descriptions of all the female developmental stages of Endernia despoliata Danzig a gall-inducing pit scale (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Asterolecaniidae)
FIGURE 4. Second-instar nymph of Edernia despoliata Danzig; A. Antenna; B. Anal ring with associated setae; C. Simple disc pore; D. Quinquelocular pore; E. 8-shaped pore.
FIGURE 1. Anthroherpon spelaebatoides Noesske, 1914, scale bar 3 in A contribution to understanding the morphology of the genus Anthroherpon (= Parantrophilon syn. nov.) and new combination for a species from the Balkan Peninsula (Insecta, Coleoptera, Leiodidae, Cholevinae, Leptodirini)
FIGURE 1. Anthroherpon spelaebatoides Noesske, 1914, scale bar 3 mm, original by D. Beňo, ex Hlaváč, Perreau & Čeplík 2017.
Scale dependence in functional equivalence and difference in the soil microbiome
<p>Climatic history can shape the functioning of soil microbial communities and thus rates of ecosystem processes such as organic matter decomposition. For example, broad spatial scale differences in climatic history, such as contrasting precipitation regimes, have been shown to generate unique microbial functional responses to contemporary moisture conditions. Yet it is an open question as to whether local differences in soil microclimate similarly influence the functional potential of decomposer communities. Here, we use a multi-scale approach within and among two temperate forest field sites to investigate this question. Soils from fifty-four microsites, that vary in their soil moisture climate-regimes, were used as inocula for a common leaf litter (<em>Quercus rubra</em>) in a controlled, laboratory microcosm study. Microcosms were placed under dry, mesic and wet lab-moisture conditions and the rate of carbon (C) mineralization of the litter was measured over 202 days. Our results reveal differences in decomposition rates under controlled conditions that highlight broad-scale functional differences between the soil communities at each site. Specifically, we found that C mineralization differed by as much as two-fold for soil communities when compared between the sites. Our results also show that functional differences of soil communities are observable within one site but not the other. In the site where local-scale functional legacies were apparent, the historical soil moisture microclimate-regimes generated as much as an 89% change in C mineralization rates of the leaf litter under the same contemporary, lab-imposed moisture conditions. A similar pattern was not observable in the other site; instead, laboratory moisture conditions explained almost all variation in C mineralization. Our findings confirm those from prior studies where regional-scale moisture-regime differences shape microbial function, and extends this prior work by providing evidence that pronounced local-scale differences in soil moisture microclimate-regimes can generate microbial functional legacies.</p>
FIGURE. Fruiting heads and peduncles of C. spongifolia. A. Site WP260; two peduncles have lost heads (arrows 1 and 2), the upper part (male zone) of one spadix lies on ground (arrow 3), and six attached heads all touch ground. B–E. Site WP251; a single, detached immature head with bite marks in upper and lower ends, and torn surface at junction with peduncle (at left in D–E). Scale bars: 10 cm with 1 cm units (main image); 8 cm with 2 cm units (lower right); B–C enlarged, without scale. (Bach Ma NP, 2018). Photos: PJM. in Colocasia spongifolia sp. nov. (Araceae) in southern China and central Vietnam
FIGURE. Fruiting heads and peduncles of C. spongifolia. A. Site WP260; two peduncles have lost heads (arrows 1 and 2), the upper part (male zone) of one spadix lies on ground (arrow 3), and six attached heads all touch ground. B–E. Site WP251; a single, detached immature head with bite marks in upper and lower ends, and torn surface at junction with peduncle (at left in D–E). Scale bars: 10 cm with 1 cm units (main image); 8 cm with 2 cm units (lower right); B–C enlarged, without scale. (Bach Ma NP, 2018). Photos: PJM.
FIGURE. Floral habit and structure of C. spongifolia. A. Type specimen in situ with open, spathe limb (apex is reflexed out of view), and green spathe tube (ca. 6 cm long). B. Adjacent plant with inflorescences and prophylls. C. Spadix showing from top: sterile appendix, staminate (male) zone, sterile interstice, and green pistillate (female) zone with tapered, conical form. D. Detail of female zone showing a few basal staminodes. E–G. Berries of the preserved type specimen. G. Dissected berry with orthotropous ovules (some outlined) attached by funicles to parietal placentae (arrows). H. Surface of male zone showing closely-packed synandria. I. Synandria separated to show fused anther sacs beneath apical pores (example in center has 8 pores, 8 anthers) J. Mature fruiting head, with single berry removed to show seed packing and 67 seeds extracted (scale bar units: 1 mm) (Bach Ma NP; type 2020; fruit and seeds 2018). Photos: NVD and PJM. in Colocasia spongifolia sp. nov. (Araceae) in southern China and central Vietnam
FIGURE. Floral habit and structure of C. spongifolia. A. Type specimen in situ with open, spathe limb (apex is reflexed out of view), and green spathe tube (ca. 6 cm long). B. Adjacent plant with inflorescences and prophylls. C. Spadix showing from top: sterile appendix, staminate (male) zone, sterile interstice, and green pistillate (female) zone with tapered, conical form. D. Detail of female zone showing a few basal staminodes. E–G. Berries of the preserved type specimen. G. Dissected berry with orthotropous ovules (some outlined) attached by funicles to parietal placentae (arrows). H. Surface of male zone showing closely-packed synandria. I. Synandria separated to show fused anther sacs beneath apical pores (example in center has 8 pores, 8 anthers) J. Mature fruiting head, with single berry removed to show seed packing and 67 seeds extracted (scale bar units: 1 mm) (Bach Ma NP; type 2020; fruit and seeds 2018). Photos: NVD and PJM.
FIGURE. Stem, roots, and buds of C. spongifolia. A. Cross section of stem in B, showing clear, gummy exudate. B. Mature stem with decumbent part at left, erect part at right, roots and rootlets, brown leaf scars, and single adaxial buds (arrows). C. Young stem, with single, adaxial bud revealed. Scale bars = 2 cm (Bach Ma NP, 2018, 2021). Photos: NVD and PJM. in Colocasia spongifolia sp. nov. (Araceae) in southern China and central Vietnam
FIGURE. Stem, roots, and buds of C. spongifolia. A. Cross section of stem in B, showing clear, gummy exudate. B. Mature stem with decumbent part at left, erect part at right, roots and rootlets, brown leaf scars, and single adaxial buds (arrows). C. Young stem, with single, adaxial bud revealed. Scale bars = 2 cm (Bach Ma NP, 2018, 2021). Photos: NVD and PJM.
FIGURE. Blades of C. spongifolia. A. Sub-marginal and marginal collective veins, with laminal tissue (2–4 mm) between. B. Marginal collective veins fused below shallow sinus. C. Underside with spongy appearance produced by "false pores"; and thick, rubbery texture indicated by axial wrinkles formed in crease. D. Underside showing primary vein and pinnate lateral veins surrounded by spongy tissue. E. Sub-stomatal cavities revealed by transmitted light (scale unit 0.25 mm), F. Sub-stomatal cavities revealed by removing lower epidermis (A–D: Mengla County, 2018. E–F: Bach Ma NP seedling, ex situ). Photos: PJM. in Colocasia spongifolia sp. nov. (Araceae) in southern China and central Vietnam
FIGURE. Blades of C. spongifolia. A. Sub-marginal and marginal collective veins, with laminal tissue (2–4 mm) between. B. Marginal collective veins fused below shallow sinus. C. Underside with spongy appearance produced by "false pores"; and thick, rubbery texture indicated by axial wrinkles formed in crease. D. Underside showing primary vein and pinnate lateral veins surrounded by spongy tissue. E. Sub-stomatal cavities revealed by transmitted light (scale unit 0.25 mm), F. Sub-stomatal cavities revealed by removing lower epidermis (A–D: Mengla County, 2018. E–F: Bach Ma NP seedling, ex situ). Photos: PJM.
The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS): Validation Study of the Slovak version for adolescents
<p>Dataset for an article called The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS): Validation Study of the Slovak version for adolescents. </p>
Emergence of a geometric pattern of cell fates from tissue-scale mechanics in the Drosophila eye
<p>Pattern formation of biological structures involves the arrangement of different types of cells in an ordered spatial configuration. In this study, we investigate the mechanism of patterning the <em>Drosophila</em> eye into a precise triangular grid of photoreceptor clusters called ommatidia. Previous studies had led to a long-standing biochemical model whereby a reaction-diffusion process is templated by recently formed ommatidia to propagate a molecular prepattern across the eye epithelium. Here, we find that the templating mechanism is instead, mechanical in origin; newly born columns of ommatidia serve as a template to spatially pattern cell flows that move the cells in the epithelium into position to form each new column of ommatidia. Cell flow is generated by a pressure gradient that is caused by a narrow zone of cell dilation precisely positioned behind the growing wavefront of ommatidia. The newly formed lattice grid of ommatidia cells are immobile, deflecting and focusing the flow of other cells. Thus, the self-organization of a regular pattern of cell fates in an epithelium is mechanically driven.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.