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19,293 results for “western”
Image 8 in Diversity of scorpion fauna of Saswad-Jejuri, Pune District, Maharashtra, western India
Image 8. Eucalyptus plantation
Image 5 in Diversity of scorpion fauna of Saswad-Jejuri, Pune District, Maharashtra, western India
Image 5. Black soil in mango orchard
Image 1 in Diversity of scorpion fauna of Saswad-Jejuri, Pune District, Maharashtra, western India
Image 1. Loam on hilltop
Image 4 in Diversity of scorpion fauna of Saswad-Jejuri, Pune District, Maharashtra, western India
Image 4. Grassy hilltop with stones
Image 1 in Pollination biology of Impatiens cuspidata Wight and Arn. (Balsaminaceae), a rare and endemic balsam of the Western Ghats, India
Image 1. Pollination biology of Impatiens cuspidata
Figure 1 in Pollination biology of Impatiens cuspidata Wight and Arn. (Balsaminaceae), a rare and endemic balsam of the Western Ghats, India
Figure 1. The study area in the Western Ghats
Image 3 in Diversity of scorpion fauna of Saswad-Jejuri, Pune District, Maharashtra, western India
Image 3. Red and black soil in cropland
Image 2 in Diversity of scorpion fauna of Saswad-Jejuri, Pune District, Maharashtra, western India
Image 2. Scrubland with stones
Image 1 in Puntius rohani (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of barb in the Puntius filamentosus group from the southern Western Ghats of India
Image 1. Puntius rohani sp. nov. holotype, 69mm SL, ZSI/SRS F.8336.
Image 2 in Habitat suitability, threats and conservation strategies of Hump-nosed Pit Viper Hypnale hypnale Merrem (Reptilia: Viperidae) found in Western Ghats, Goa, India
Image 2. Gravid female killed in cashew plantation during weed clearance
Figure 1 in Habitat suitability, threats and conservation strategies of Hump-nosed Pit Viper Hypnale hypnale Merrem (Reptilia: Viperidae) found in Western Ghats, Goa, India
Figure 1. Distribution of Hypnale hypnale in the study sites and cashew plantations.
Image 1 in Habitat suitability, threats and conservation strategies of Hump-nosed Pit Viper Hypnale hypnale Merrem (Reptilia: Viperidae) found in Western Ghats, Goa, India
Image 1. Hypnale hypnale in natural habitat
Figure 5 in Two new species of Passalus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Passalidae) from the western Brazilian Amazon with comments on the taxonomic limits of the subgenera
Figure 5. Passalus (Passalus) cleidecostae sp. nov. (A) head and prothorax, dorsal; (B) head, ventral (C) head and prothorax, dorsolateral; (D) posterior region of the prosternum and anterior region of the mesosternum; (E) metasternum (left side); (F) aedeagus (ventral, dorsal and lateral view).
Figure 6 in Two new species of Passalus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Passalidae) from the western Brazilian Amazon with comments on the taxonomic limits of the subgenera
Figure 6. Passalus (Passalus) cleidecostae sp. nov. (A) cephalic capsule, dorsal; (B) pronotum, lateral; (C) meso- and metasternum. Passalus (Passalus) bucki Luederwaldt, 1931: (D) cephalic capsule, dorsal v. (E) pronotum, lateral. (F) meso- and metasternum.
Figure 3 in Two new species of Passalus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Passalidae) from the western Brazilian Amazon with comments on the taxonomic limits of the subgenera
Figure 3. Passalus (Pertinax) deuterocerus sp. nov. (A) cephalic capsule, dorsal; (B) mentum; (C) meso- and metasternum. Passalus (Pertinax) epiphanoides (Kuwert, 1891): (D) cephalic capsule, dorsal. (E) mentum. (F) meso- and metasternum.
Figure 2 in Two new species of Passalus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Passalidae) from the western Brazilian Amazon with comments on the taxonomic limits of the subgenera
Figure 2. Passalus (Pertinax) deuterocerus sp. nov. (A) head and prothorax, dorsal; (B) head, ventral; (C) head and prothorax, dorsolateral; (D) posterior region of the prosternum and anterior region of the mesosternum; (E) metasternum (left side); (F) aedeagus (ventral, dorsal and lateral view).
Data from: A complex pattern of post-divergence expansion, contraction, introgression and asynchronous responses to Pleistocene climate changes in two Dipelta sister species from western China
The well-known vicariance and dispersal models dominate in understanding the allopatric pattern for related species and presume the simultaneous occurrence of speciation and biogeographic events. However, the formation of allopatry may postdate the species divergence. We examined this hypothesis using DNA sequence data from 3 chloroplast fragments and 5 nuclear loci of Dipelta floribunda and D. yunnanensis, two shrub species with the circum Sichuan Basin distribution, combining the climatic niche modeling approach. The best-fit model supported by the approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) analysis indicated that, D. floribunda and D. yunnanensis diverged during the mid-Pleistocene period, consistent with the largest glacial period in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). The historically inter-specific gene flow was identified but seemed to have ceased after the last interglacial period (LIG), when the range of D. floribunda moved northward from the south of the Sichuan Basin. Further, populations of D. floribunda had expanded obviously in the north of the Sichuan Basin after the last glacial maximum (LGM). Relatively, the range of D. yunnanensis expanded before the LGM, reduced during the post-LGM especially in the north of the Sichuan Basin, reflecting the asynchronous responses of related species to the contemporary climate changes. Our results suggested that complex topography should be considered in understanding the distributional patterns even for closely related species and their demographic responses.
Data from: Defaunation increases the spatial clustering of lowland Western Amazonian tree communities
1.Declines of large vertebrates in tropical forests may reduce dispersal of tree species that rely on them, and the resulting undispersed seedlings might suffer increased distance- and density- dependent mortality. Consequently, extirpation of large vertebrates may alter the composition and spatial structure of plant communities and impair ecosystem functions like carbon storage. 2.We analysed spatial patterns of tree recruitment within six forest plots along a defaunation gradient in western Amazonia. We divided recruits into two size cohorts ("saplings", ≥1 m tall and <1 cm diameter at breast height [dbh], and juveniles, 1 – 2 cm dbh) and examined the spatial organization of conspecific recruits within each cohort (within-cohort) and around conspecific reproductive-sized trees (between-cohort). We used replicated spatial point pattern analysis to quantify relationships between recruit clustering and cohort, defaunation intensity, each tree species' reliance on hunted dispersers and the interactions among these three covariates. 3.Within-cohort clustering of conspecific saplings increased with reliance of tree species on hunted dispersers and this trend strengthened significantly as defaunation increased, probably because of reduced dispersal. 4.Within-cohort clustering of conspecifics declined from saplings to juveniles, suggesting density-dependent mortality of saplings. However, the positive relationship between sapling clustering and defaunation did not lead to greater reductions in within-cohort clustering during the sapling-juvenile transition, suggesting that higher conspecific densities did not translate into increased mortality. Instead, the increased spatial clustering associated with defaunation was retained for juvenile recruits. 5.Between-cohort clustering was unrelated to defaunation and did not change during the sapling – juvenile transition. 6.Synthesis: Defaunation increased spatial aggregation of saplings of tree species reliant on hunted dispersers. The increase in sapling clustering did not increase density-dependent thinning, and persisted into older recruit cohorts, suggesting that hunting may initiate long-term spatial reorganisation of Amazonian tree communities. The lack of increased density-dependent thinning indicates that reduced dispersal did not increase mortality of large-vertebrate dispersed tree species that contribute disproportionately to forest biomass. We therefore caution against the fait accompli acceptance of the prediction by recent modelling studies that overhunting will precipitate a collapse in carbon sequestration by tropical forests.
Data from: A new ancient lineage of frog (Anura: Nyctibatrachidae: Astrobatrachinae subfam. nov.) endemic to the Western Ghats of Peninsular India
The Western Ghats (WG) is an escarpment on the west coast of Peninsular India, housing one of the richest assemblages of frogs in the world, with three endemic families. Here, we report the discovery of a new ancient lineage from a high-elevation massif in the Wayanad Plateau of the southern WG. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that the lineage belongs to Natatanura and clusters with Nyctibatrachidae, a family endemic to the WG/Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot. Based on geographic distribution, unique morphological traits, deep genetic divergence, and phylogenetic position that distinguishes the lineage from the two nyctibatrachid subfamilies Nyctibatrachinae Blommers-Schlösser, 1993 and Lankanectinae Dubois & Ohler, 2001, we erect a new subfamily Astrobatrachinae subfam. nov. (endemic to the WG, Peninsular India), and describe a new genus Astrobatrachus gen. nov. and species, Astrobatrachus kurichiyana sp. nov. The discovery of this species adds to the list of deeply divergent and monotypic or depauperate lineages with narrow geographic ranges in the southern massifs of the WG. The southern regions of the WG have long been considered geographic and climatic refugia, and this new relict lineage underscores their evolutionary significance. The small range of this species exclusively outside protected areas highlights the significance of reserve forest tracts in the WG in housing evolutionary novelty. This reinforces the need for intensive sampling to uncover new lineages and advance our understanding of the historical biogeography of this ancient landmass.
Community composition and photosynthetic physiology of phytoplankton in the western subarctic Pacific near the Kuril Islands with special reference to iron availability
<p class="Abstract">The western subarctic Pacific (WSP) is known as one of the most productive regions among the world's oceans in spring. However, its oceanic waters are also known as a High Nutrient, Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) region during summer due to low iron (Fe) availability in seawater. Indeed, recent studies have demonstrated that the distribution of Fe in the WSP is complex and heterogeneous. This study thus investigated the effects of Fe availability on the community composition and photophysiology of surface phytoplankton from coastal to offshore waters in the WSP in the summer of 2014. Although relatively high concentrations (>2 mg m<sup>–3</sup>) of chlorophyll (chl) <i>a</i> were found in the Sea of Okhotsk and some coastal waters, low chl <i>a</i> concentrations (<1 mg m<sup>–3</sup>) were commonly observed. Based on dissolved Fe and macronutrient concentrations, we deduced that low Fe availability limited phytoplankton growth in offshore waters, whereas low silicate and/or nitrate levels limited growth in the shelf areas. Scanning electron microscopy also revealed that the centric diatom <i>Chaetoceros</i> exclusively dominated the diatom assemblages in the shelf<i> </i>and coexisted with pennate diatoms in offshore waters, respectively<i>.</i> Primary productivity in surface waters was negatively correlated with the bottom of the euphotic layer or the light saturation index of the photosynthesis–irradiance curve, which indicates that the phytoplankton assemblages were well acclimated to <i>in situ</i> light conditions regardless of the water masses.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.