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Distribution. SE Sumatra E of the Barisan Range, from the Batang Hari River, SW to the upper Musi River drainage, and S to Lampung Province. in Cercopithecidae

Distribution. SE Sumatra E of the Barisan Range, from the Batang Hari River, SW to the upper Musi River drainage, and S to Lampung Province.

Subspecies and Distribution. C.g.guerezaRuppell,1835—WEthiopia,intheforestedareasoftheEthiopianHighlandsWoftheRiftValley,extendingintolowlandforestsalongtheOmoRivertotheSandtheBlueNiletotheW. C.g.caudatusThomas,1885—SKenyaandNTanzania,inthemontaneforestsofMtKilimanjaroandMtMeru,aswellastheadjoiningforestsatslightlylowerelevations(Kahé,MomelaLakesinArushaNationalPark). C.g.dodingaeMatschie,1913—SESudan,knownonlyfromtheDidingaHills. C.g.gallarumNeumann,1902—ECEthiopia,intheEthiopianHighlandsEoftheRiftValley;theprecisedistributionalboundariesareunclear,andthoseoftheBaleMtsmaybedistinctfromthoseoftheArsi(=Arussi)Mts. C.g.kikuyuensisLonnberg,1912—CKenya,intheKenyanHighlands,EoftheRiftValley,fromtheNgongEscarpmenttoMtKenyaandtheAberdareRange. C.g.matschietNeumann,1899—SWUganda(MtElgon),WKenya(WoftheRiftValley,NtoMtElgon,andinsomeforestswithintheRiftitself,asnearLakeNaivasha),andNWTanzania(NofNgorongoroCraterandtheGrumetiRiver). C.g.occidentalisRochebrune,1887—SCameroon(WtoBatouriandLornie,whereitisapparentlysympatricwiththeBlackColobus(C.satanas),andNacrosstheSanagaRivertoYabassi),SWCentralAfricanRepublic,Chad,SWSudan,NDRCongo(StotheCongoRiverandtoc.1°25"SintheIturiForest),NEGabon(MakokouandBelingadistricts),NRepublicoftheCongo,WUganda(WoftheNile),andNWRwanda;possiblyinEquatorialGuineaandtheDongaRiverregionofSENigeria. C. g. percivali Heller, 1913 — WC Kenya, restricted to a small area of forest around Mt Gargues in the Matthews Range. in Cercopithecidae

Subspecies and Distribution. C.g.guerezaRuppell,1835—WEthiopia,intheforestedareasoftheEthiopianHighlandsWoftheRiftValley,extendingintolowlandforestsalongtheOmoRivertotheSandtheBlueNiletotheW. C.g.caudatusThomas,1885—SKenyaandNTanzania,inthemontaneforestsofMtKilimanjaroandMtMeru,aswellastheadjoiningforestsatslightlylowerelevations(Kahé,MomelaLakesinArushaNationalPark). C.g.dodingaeMatschie,1913—SESudan,knownonlyfromtheDidingaHills. C.g.gallarumNeumann,1902—ECEthiopia,intheEthiopianHighlandsEoftheRiftValley;theprecisedistributionalboundariesareunclear,andthoseoftheBaleMtsmaybedistinctfromthoseoftheArsi(=Arussi)Mts. C.g.kikuyuensisLonnberg,1912—CKenya,intheKenyanHighlands,EoftheRiftValley,fromtheNgongEscarpmenttoMtKenyaandtheAberdareRange. C.g.matschietNeumann,1899—SWUganda(MtElgon),WKenya(WoftheRiftValley,NtoMtElgon,andinsomeforestswithintheRiftitself,asnearLakeNaivasha),andNWTanzania(NofNgorongoroCraterandtheGrumetiRiver). C.g.occidentalisRochebrune,1887—SCameroon(WtoBatouriandLornie,whereitisapparentlysympatricwiththeBlackColobus(C.satanas),andNacrosstheSanagaRivertoYabassi),SWCentralAfricanRepublic,Chad,SWSudan,NDRCongo(StotheCongoRiverandtoc.1°25"SintheIturiForest),NEGabon(MakokouandBelingadistricts),NRepublicoftheCongo,WUganda(WoftheNile),andNWRwanda;possiblyinEquatorialGuineaandtheDongaRiverregionofSENigeria. C. g. percivali Heller, 1913 — WC Kenya, restricted to a small area of forest around Mt Gargues in the Matthews Range.

Distribution. EC Congo Basin in DR Congo, from the upper Tshuapa River (24° E) in the Sankuru District of Kasai Oriental Province to the Lomami River (25° E) in Maniema and Orientale provinces in the E; the N limits are unclear, but it apparently does not occur N of 1° S; in the S, its range extends the limits of the forest at c.3°30°S. in Cercopithecidae

Distribution. EC Congo Basin in DR Congo, from the upper Tshuapa River (24° E) in the Sankuru District of Kasai Oriental Province to the Lomami River (25° E) in Maniema and Orientale provinces in the E; the N limits are unclear, but it apparently does not occur N of 1° S; in the S, its range extends the limits of the forest at c.3°30°S.

Distribution. Mountainous areas in Morocco (Rif, High and Middle Atlas) and Algeria (Grande and Petite Kabylie); historically it also occurred in W Tunisia but is now extinct there. A free-ranging population occurs in Gibraltar introduced there by the British in 1740. in Cercopithecidae

Distribution. Mountainous areas in Morocco (Rif, High and Middle Atlas) and Algeria (Grande and Petite Kabylie); historically it also occurred in W Tunisia but is now extinct there. A free-ranging population occurs in Gibraltar introduced there by the British in 1740.

Distribution. EC China (25-33° N, 102° 30°-119° 30" E) in E Xizang Autonomous Region (= Tibet), Sichuan, S Gansu, S Shaanxi, Hubei, Anhui, Zhejiang, N Yunnan, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Fujian, N Guangxi, and N Guangdong provinces; W limit in the Yangtze Gorge in W & NW Sichuan and S limit at 23° 48' N, ¢.110° E in Guangxi. The species may range into NE India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, and Meghalaya states), although these reports appear to be based on misidentifications. in Cercopithecidae

Distribution. EC China (25-33° N, 102° 30°-119° 30" E) in E Xizang Autonomous Region (= Tibet), Sichuan, S Gansu, S Shaanxi, Hubei, Anhui, Zhejiang, N Yunnan, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Fujian, N Guangxi, and N Guangdong provinces; W limit in the Yangtze Gorge in W & NW Sichuan and S limit at 23° 48' N, ¢.110° E in Guangxi. The species may range into NE India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, and Meghalaya states), although these reports appear to be based on misidentifications.

Distribution. Kitanglad Mountain Range, Mindanao I, Philippines (perhaps other high peaks of C Mindanao I). in Muridae

Distribution. Kitanglad Mountain Range, Mindanao I, Philippines (perhaps other high peaks of C Mindanao I).

Distribution. WC core and SE peninsula of Sulawesi, including Mt Kanino, Mt Nokilalaki, Mt Lehio, Rano Rano, and Mamasa regions, Quarles Range, Mt Rantemario, and Mt Latimojong. Descriptive notes. er 155-242 mm, tail 138-190 mm, ear 23-29 mm, hind-foot 28-45 mm; weight 95-170 g. The Montane Hill Rat is the largest member of the B. fratrorum species group, with broad head, long rostrum, and robust body. Pelage is moderately long, soft, and lustrous, with shortish blackish guard hairs mixed throughout. Dorsum is brownish gray, speckled with buff that is a mix of dark gray underfur and overhairs with brown tips and buffy bands, being dark gray for the most part. Sides are paler grayish brown and fade into ventral pelage. Sides of muzzle are white. Venter is grayish white or dark grayish white, although some are grayish buff, with gray hairs and unpigmented tips or unpigmented altogether, respectively. Juveniles are duller and darker, with more grayish white underparts. Feet are long and slender, with white digits. Ears are large, covered in short unpigmented hair, rubbery, and gray and brown hues. Tail is 88-102% of head-body length and mainly bicolored, brownish gray to blackish gray dorsally and glossy white ventrally, with white tip most of the time. Scrotum is gray. Skull is large, with long and wide rostrum and narrow zygomatic plate. Fleas (e.g. Sigmactenus, Stivalius, Musserella, and Dasypsyllus), ticks (Rhipicephalus) pseudoscorpions (Magachernes and Chiridiochernes), and nematodes (Bunomystrongylus and Sibulura) have been recorded from the Montane Hill Rat. There are two pairs of inguinal mammae. Chromosomal complement is 2n = 42, FN = 60 (females) or FN = 61 (males). in Muridae

Distribution. WC core and SE peninsula of Sulawesi, including Mt Kanino, Mt Nokilalaki, Mt Lehio, Rano Rano, and Mamasa regions, Quarles Range, Mt Rantemario, and Mt Latimojong. Descriptive notes. er 155-242 mm, tail 138-190 mm, ear 23-29 mm, hind-foot 28-45 mm; weight 95-170 g. The Montane Hill Rat is the largest member of the B. fratrorum species group, with broad head, long rostrum, and robust body. Pelage is moderately long, soft, and lustrous, with shortish blackish guard hairs mixed throughout. Dorsum is brownish gray, speckled with buff that is a mix of dark gray underfur and overhairs with brown tips and buffy bands, being dark gray for the most part. Sides are paler grayish brown and fade into ventral pelage. Sides of muzzle are white. Venter is grayish white or dark grayish white, although some are grayish buff, with gray hairs and unpigmented tips or unpigmented altogether, respectively. Juveniles are duller and darker, with more grayish white underparts. Feet are long and slender, with white digits. Ears are large, covered in short unpigmented hair, rubbery, and gray and brown hues. Tail is 88-102% of head-body length and mainly bicolored, brownish gray to blackish gray dorsally and glossy white ventrally, with white tip most of the time. Scrotum is gray. Skull is large, with long and wide rostrum and narrow zygomatic plate. Fleas (e.g. Sigmactenus, Stivalius, Musserella, and Dasypsyllus), ticks (Rhipicephalus) pseudoscorpions (Magachernes and Chiridiochernes), and nematodes (Bunomystrongylus and Sibulura) have been recorded from the Montane Hill Rat. There are two pairs of inguinal mammae. Chromosomal complement is 2n = 42, FN = 60 (females) or FN = 61 (males).

Subspecies and Distribution. R.s.steiniRimmler,1935—WeylandandNassauranges,SWNewGuinea. R.s.baliemensisJ.M.Taylor&Calaby,1982—SnowMts,WNewGuinea. R.s.foersteriRimmler,1935—HuonPeninsula,NENewGuinea. R. s. hageni Troughton, 1937 — C & E New Guinea, including the Central Cordillera from Star Mts E to Bowutu Mts and the Adelbert Range. in Muridae

Subspecies and Distribution. R.s.steiniRimmler,1935—WeylandandNassauranges,SWNewGuinea. R.s.baliemensisJ.M.Taylor&Calaby,1982—SnowMts,WNewGuinea. R.s.foersteriRimmler,1935—HuonPeninsula,NENewGuinea. R. s. hageni Troughton, 1937 — C & E New Guinea, including the Central Cordillera from Star Mts E to Bowutu Mts and the Adelbert Range.

Distribution. Reliably in N & C Vietnam (Lao Cai, Son La, Nhge An, and Kon Tum provinces) and N Laos (Xiangkhouang and [Luang Prabang provinces), but range limits still unknown. in Muridae

Distribution. Reliably in N & C Vietnam (Lao Cai, Son La, Nhge An, and Kon Tum provinces) and N Laos (Xiangkhouang and [Luang Prabang provinces), but range limits still unknown.

Distribution. Native distribution ranged from E Afghanistan through N in Muridae

Distribution. Native distribution ranged from E Afghanistan through N &NE India, Nepal, Bhutan, and N Bangladesh into C & China (including Hainan I), Korean Peninsula, and mainland SE Asia including many offshore Is S to the Isthmus of Kra; presently unclear whether the species is native or introduced to Taiwan and Japan. Native and introduced distributions are currently unresolved, especially because there are probably three distinct species, currently recognized as lineages. Introduced into in the Andaman and Nicobar Is, Peninsular Malaysia and Sunda Shelf Is, Philippines, W New Guinea, Eniwetok and Fiji within Micronesia and Palau, although these seem to be more recent than other introductions. Specimens from South America and S California, USA, have been genetically identified as this species, probably originating from individuals transported there by boats in recent times. Because of ambiguity between when species were introduced and confusion as to what populations are native or not, the more ancient introduced distribution of the speciesis included in the distribution map throughout Indonesia and Melanesia, but not in other regions where the species has been introduced more recently (North America, South Africa, and Micronesia).

Nesokia is sister to Bandicota and are nested in Rattus phylogenetically, making Rat- tus paraphyletic. Tarsomys, Limnomys, and Diplothrix are also phylogenetically in Rat- tus, and the clade is in need of focused re- vision at the generic level. Nesokia bunnui was originally described as a separate ge-nus, Erythronesokia, because it is morphologically very distinctive from N. indica. Type specimen was destroyed during the Iraq War, and a neotype was recently designated to replace it. Monotypic. Distribution. Tigris and Euphrates river valleys, SE Iraq. Descriptive notes. Head—body 230-260 mm, tail 205-270 mm, ear 18-21 mm, hindfoot 49-58 mm; weight 519 g. The Long-tailed Bandicoot Rat is larger than the Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat (N. indica). Pelage is soft and woolly, interspersed with harsher coarse hair and long black hairs near mid-back. Dorsum is fawn to ocherous red, washed with purple or chestnuton darker individuals. Hairs are basally slate-gray and distally rufous, occasionally with whitish or black tips. Muzzle is drab. Sides arefawn, with gray edge toward venter. Venteris whitish, extending onto cheeks where the same pattern from gray to fawn to dorsal pelage occurs. Feet are large and robust, being light brown and well-furred dorsally. Claws are amber on forefeet and dull brown on hindfeet; pollux is extremely small. Ears are moderately long and brownish, with no hair internally. Tail is ¢.82-104% of head-body length and deep brownish drab, interspersed with visible white hair. Skull is large and robust, similarly to the Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat. Habitat. Marsh and swamp land. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Long-tailed Bandicoot Rat is terrestrial, although it isfound in swampy and marshy areas and is probably amphibious. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Longtailed Bandicoot Rat is apparently rare and is known from very few specimens. Marsh and swamp habitats in which it is found were completely destroyed during the Iraq War by draining, war damage, and agricultural expansion. In recent years, flooding from Tigris and Euphrates rivers and high snow fall and melt haveresulted in partial restoration ofits native habitat, although restoration is not a complete. Populations are now probably highly fragmented. Bibliography. Al-Ansari et al. (2012), Al-Robaae & Felten (1990), Khajuria (1981), Krystufek et al. (2017), Musser & Carleton (2005), Richardson & Hussain (2006), Stuart (2008). in Muridae

Nesokia is sister to Bandicota and are nested in Rattus phylogenetically, making Rat- tus paraphyletic. Tarsomys, Limnomys, and Diplothrix are also phylogenetically in Rat- tus, and the clade is in need of focused re- vision at the generic level. Nesokia bunnui was originally described as a separate ge-nus, Erythronesokia, because it is morphologically very distinctive from N. indica. Type specimen was destroyed during the Iraq War, and a neotype was recently designated to replace it. Monotypic. Distribution. Tigris and Euphrates river valleys, SE Iraq. Descriptive notes. Head—body 230-260 mm, tail 205-270 mm, ear 18-21 mm, hindfoot 49-58 mm; weight 519 g. The Long-tailed Bandicoot Rat is larger than the Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat (N. indica). Pelage is soft and woolly, interspersed with harsher coarse hair and long black hairs near mid-back. Dorsum is fawn to ocherous red, washed with purple or chestnuton darker individuals. Hairs are basally slate-gray and distally rufous, occasionally with whitish or black tips. Muzzle is drab. Sides arefawn, with gray edge toward venter. Venteris whitish, extending onto cheeks where the same pattern from gray to fawn to dorsal pelage occurs. Feet are large and robust, being light brown and well-furred dorsally. Claws are amber on forefeet and dull brown on hindfeet; pollux is extremely small. Ears are moderately long and brownish, with no hair internally. Tail is ¢.82-104% of head-body length and deep brownish drab, interspersed with visible white hair. Skull is large and robust, similarly to the Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat. Habitat. Marsh and swamp land. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Long-tailed Bandicoot Rat is terrestrial, although it isfound in swampy and marshy areas and is probably amphibious. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Longtailed Bandicoot Rat is apparently rare and is known from very few specimens. Marsh and swamp habitats in which it is found were completely destroyed during the Iraq War by draining, war damage, and agricultural expansion. In recent years, flooding from Tigris and Euphrates rivers and high snow fall and melt haveresulted in partial restoration ofits native habitat, although restoration is not a complete. Populations are now probably highly fragmented. Bibliography. Al-Ansari et al. (2012), Al-Robaae & Felten (1990), Khajuria (1981), Krystufek et al. (2017), Musser & Carleton (2005), Richardson & Hussain (2006), Stuart (2008).

Distribution. Mt Cameroon, W Cameroon, and Bioko I, Equatorial Guinea. Descriptive notes. Head-body 100- 130 mm, tail 110-147 mm, ear 16-20 mm, hindfoot 21-25 mm; weight 27-62 g. Fur of the Cameroon Soft-furred Mouse is dark rufous-brown to blackish brown above and pale to dark gray below. Tail is very long (c.112% of head-body length) and dark. Hindfeet and forefeet are dark brown. Females have three pairs of nipples. Habitat. Montane forest and alpine grassland at elevations above 1000 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. Gestation lasts 26-30 days. Litters have 2-6 young. Activity patterns. The Cameroon Soft-furred Mouse is nocturnal and terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Cameroon Soft-furred Mouse occurs in two disjunct areas occupying only ¢.2900 km? and the extent and quality of its forest habitat continue to decline. Bibliography. Eisentraut (1970, 1973), Happold (2013a), Missoup et al. (2012), Monadjem etal. (2015). in Muridae

Distribution. Mt Cameroon, W Cameroon, and Bioko I, Equatorial Guinea. Descriptive notes. Head-body 100- 130 mm, tail 110-147 mm, ear 16-20 mm, hindfoot 21-25 mm; weight 27-62 g. Fur of the Cameroon Soft-furred Mouse is dark rufous-brown to blackish brown above and pale to dark gray below. Tail is very long (c.112% of head-body length) and dark. Hindfeet and forefeet are dark brown. Females have three pairs of nipples. Habitat. Montane forest and alpine grassland at elevations above 1000 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. Gestation lasts 26-30 days. Litters have 2-6 young. Activity patterns. The Cameroon Soft-furred Mouse is nocturnal and terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Cameroon Soft-furred Mouse occurs in two disjunct areas occupying only ¢.2900 km? and the extent and quality of its forest habitat continue to decline. Bibliography. Eisentraut (1970, 1973), Happold (2013a), Missoup et al. (2012), Monadjem etal. (2015).

Distribution. Uncertain but believed to have scattered distribution in E Africa; some authorities confine range to Imoteng Mts in South Sudan, Kakamega Forest in Kenya, and Mbete and Mufindi in Tanzania. in Muridae

Distribution. Uncertain but believed to have scattered distribution in E Africa; some authorities confine range to Imoteng Mts in South Sudan, Kakamega Forest in Kenya, and Mbete and Mufindi in Tanzania.

Distribution. Botswana and N South Af- rica; range may extend into S Angola, SW Zambia, S Malawi, Namibia, W Zimbabwe, and S South Africa; range limits not resolved. in Muridae

Distribution. Botswana and N South Af- rica; range may extend into S Angola, SW Zambia, S Malawi, Namibia, W Zimbabwe, and S South Africa; range limits not resolved.

Distribution. Disjunct range from Cameroon E in Muridae

Distribution. Disjunct range from Cameroon E to S South Sudan and W Kenya and S throughout NE & S DR Congo to NE Angola and NW Zambia, with an isolated record from Liberia.

Distribution. Until recently considered to occur in C & NE Angola and S & SE DR Congo, but based on cytochrome-b sequences, Bryja and colleagues in 2014 extended the range to include the NW region and the Eastern Arc Mts of Tanzania, much of NE Zambia, and Malawi; also re- corded from a single locality in extreme NW Zambia. in Muridae

Distribution. Until recently considered to occur in C & NE Angola and S & SE DR Congo, but based on cytochrome-b sequences, Bryja and colleagues in 2014 extended the range to include the NW region and the Eastern Arc Mts of Tanzania, much of NE Zambia, and Malawi; also re- corded from a single locality in extreme NW Zambia.

Distribution. Disjunct range in C & E Europe (from Denmark, Germany, and N & NE Italy) E to SC Siberia and NW China (Xinjiang), and in Russian Far East, extreme E Mongolia, E & C China, N Myanmar, Korea, Taiwan, and Japan (Senkaku Is). in Muridae

Distribution. Disjunct range in C & E Europe (from Denmark, Germany, and N & NE Italy) E to SC Siberia and NW China (Xinjiang), and in Russian Far East, extreme E Mongolia, E & C China, N Myanmar, Korea, Taiwan, and Japan (Senkaku Is).

Deccan region, Madras, India. Genus Vandeleuria is masculine, so widely used specific name oleracea has been changed for gender agreement. Vandeleuria oleraceusis possibly a composite of species. Polytypic, but subspecific taxonomy requires reassessment. Distribution. Widespread in S Asia (India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lan-ka), S China (W & S Yunnan), and mainland SE Asia N of the Isthmus of Kra. Descriptive notes. Head-body 68 mm, tail 105 mm, ear 13 mm, hindfoot 17 mm; weight 10 g. The Indomalayan Long-tailed Climbing Mouse is small, with flat nail on outer finger and outertoe; tail is slender, brown, twice as long as head-body length, and lacks distal tuft. Dorsal pelageis silky and salmon in color; venter is white, with fulvous hues. Habitat. Tall cane and tangled vines in primary and secondary forest such as bamboo forest, moist deciduous forest, temperate forests, montane wet zone, and disturbed secondary forests, and perhaps agricultural areas at elevations of 150-1500 m. Food and Feeding. Indomalayan [Long-tailed Climbing Mice eat fruits, buds, and flowers. Breeding. Litters of the Indomalayan Long-tailed Climbing Mouse have 3-6 young. Activity patterns. Indomalayan Long-tailed Climbing Mice are arboreal and nocturnal, although one individual was caught duringthe day. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Indomalayan Long-tailed Climbing Mice build nests in tall bushes or cane to rear their young. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red Last (as V. olacea). The Indomalayan Long-tailed Climbing Mouse occurs in several habitats and a wide distribution that includes national parks. Further taxonomical studies are required to assess conservation status ofthis potentially diverse species complex. Bibliography. Corbet & Hill (1992), Dang Huy Huynh et al. (1994), Ellerman (1941), Marshall (1977b), Musser & Carleton (2005), Osgood (1932), Phillips (1980), Wang Yingxiang (2003). in Muridae

Deccan region, Madras, India. Genus Vandeleuria is masculine, so widely used specific name oleracea has been changed for gender agreement. Vandeleuria oleraceusis possibly a composite of species. Polytypic, but subspecific taxonomy requires reassessment. Distribution. Widespread in S Asia (India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lan-ka), S China (W & S Yunnan), and mainland SE Asia N of the Isthmus of Kra. Descriptive notes. Head-body 68 mm, tail 105 mm, ear 13 mm, hindfoot 17 mm; weight 10 g. The Indomalayan Long-tailed Climbing Mouse is small, with flat nail on outer finger and outertoe; tail is slender, brown, twice as long as head-body length, and lacks distal tuft. Dorsal pelageis silky and salmon in color; venter is white, with fulvous hues. Habitat. Tall cane and tangled vines in primary and secondary forest such as bamboo forest, moist deciduous forest, temperate forests, montane wet zone, and disturbed secondary forests, and perhaps agricultural areas at elevations of 150-1500 m. Food and Feeding. Indomalayan [Long-tailed Climbing Mice eat fruits, buds, and flowers. Breeding. Litters of the Indomalayan Long-tailed Climbing Mouse have 3-6 young. Activity patterns. Indomalayan Long-tailed Climbing Mice are arboreal and nocturnal, although one individual was caught duringthe day. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Indomalayan Long-tailed Climbing Mice build nests in tall bushes or cane to rear their young. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red Last (as V. olacea). The Indomalayan Long-tailed Climbing Mouse occurs in several habitats and a wide distribution that includes national parks. Further taxonomical studies are required to assess conservation status ofthis potentially diverse species complex. Bibliography. Corbet & Hill (1992), Dang Huy Huynh et al. (1994), Ellerman (1941), Marshall (1977b), Musser & Carleton (2005), Osgood (1932), Phillips (1980), Wang Yingxiang (2003).

Distribution. Patchy butwidespread in savanna habitats from Sierra Leone E to South Sudan and extreme S Ethiopia, and S to Kenya and Tanzania; range possibly extends farther S to Malawi, Mozambique, and E Zimbabwe. in Muridae

Distribution. Patchy butwidespread in savanna habitats from Sierra Leone E to South Sudan and extreme S Ethiopia, and S to Kenya and Tanzania; range possibly extends farther S to Malawi, Mozambique, and E Zimbabwe.

Distribution. SW Zimbabwe, E South Africa, and Swaziland; the range of the form cf. incomtus includes much of C Africa (Gabon, Republic of the Congo, DR Congo, Angola, Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique). in Muridae

Distribution. SW Zimbabwe, E South Africa, and Swaziland; the range of the form cf. incomtus includes much of C Africa (Gabon, Republic of the Congo, DR Congo, Angola, Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique).