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Genetic diversity of a marine foundation species, Laminaria hyperborea (Phaeophyceae Laminariales), along the coast of Ireland
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Worldwide, kelp populations are stressed by warming, increased storms and other man-driven disturbances<i>. </i>Marine population distributions are projected to retreat poleward with climate change if they cannot adapt to changing conditions, which would potentially lead to a regime shift in subtidal habitats. In Northern Europe, <i>Laminaria hyperborea</i>is a subtidal ecosystem engineer whose distribution has shifted over millennia, leaving predicted areas of high genetic diversity from the last glacial maximum (LGM) near its southern distribution limit in the Iberian Peninsula. In Ireland, <i>L. hyperborea </i>structures communities by supporting diverse faunal assemblages and producing large quantities of organic carbon throughout the year. We investigated the genetic diversity of eight populations ranging from the southern coast to the northwest of Ireland using nine microsatellite loci. Diversity was found to be highest in Lough Hyne, a Special Area of Conservation (SAC), near the predicted climate refugium. We found evidence of isolation by distance, with high connectivity between populations that were geographically close, likely driven by short range dispersal of <i>L. hyperborea</i>propagules. Genetic diversity (measured as expected heterozygosity and allelic richness) was highest at Lough Hyne, and decreased northwards, as predicted from past range shifts. Expected heterozygosity was highest at Lough Hyne (0.706) and decreased northward, with the lowest value at Bridges of Ross (0.283). Based on these patterns, further fine-scale investigation into population diversity, dispersal and potential resilience in Irish kelp forests are necessary as warming and non-native species are observed more and more frequently.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
FIG. 5 in Diversity of Lygistorrhina (Probolaeus) Williston, 1896 (Diptera: Keroplatidae, Lygistorrhininae) of Mitaraka (French Guiana), with descriptions of three new species
FIG. 5. — Lygistorrhina (Probolaeus) cerqueirai Lane, 1958, holotype: A, habitus; B, wing; C, D, thorax; E, F, male genitalia; C, lateral view; D, E, dorsal view; F, ventral view. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B-D, 0.5 mm; E, F, 0.2 mm.
FIG. 6 in Diversity of Lygistorrhina (Probolaeus) Williston, 1896 (Diptera: Keroplatidae, Lygistorrhininae) of Mitaraka (French Guiana), with descriptions of three new species
FIG. 6. — Lygistorrhina (Probolaeus) urichi Edwards, 1912, syntype male: A, habitus; B, wing; C, head; D, thorax, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 0.1 mm; D, 0.2 mm.
FIG. 4 in Diversity of Lygistorrhina (Probolaeus) Williston, 1896 (Diptera: Keroplatidae, Lygistorrhininae) of Mitaraka (French Guiana), with descriptions of three new species
FIG. 4. — Aedeagal complex of new species of Lygistorrhina (Probolaeus) Williston, 1896: A, B, Lygistorrhina maculipennis n. sp., holotype MNHN-ED-ED10672; C, D, Lygistorrhina conica n. sp., holotype MNHN-ED-ED10674; E, F, Lygistorrhina mitarakensis n. sp., holotype MNHN-ED-ED10691; A, C, E, dorsal view; B, D, F, ventral view. Scale bar: 20 µm.
FIG. 1 in Diversity of Lygistorrhina (Probolaeus) Williston, 1896 (Diptera: Keroplatidae, Lygistorrhininae) of Mitaraka (French Guiana), with descriptions of three new species
FIG. 1. — Habitus of new species of Lygistorrhina (Probolaeus) Williston, 1896: A, Lygistorrhina maculipennis n. sp., with detached head in separate box; paratype MHNH-ED-ED10673; B, Lygistorrhina conica n. sp., paratype NMS-10003795; C, Lygistorrhina mitarakensis n. sp., paratype NMS-10003799. Scale bar: 1 mm.
FIG. 18 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 18. — Ventral view of the skull of Molossus pretiosus Miller, 1902. Note the crest between the occipital and the basisphenoid pits. Scale bar: 1 mm.
FIG. 13 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 13. — Molossus molossus (Pallas, 1766) skull: A, dorsal view; B, frontal view; C, ventral view; D, posterior view; E, lateral view. Scale bar: 1 mm.
FIG. 14 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 14. — Molossus molossus (Pallas, 1766). Photo courtesy of Dr Marco A. R. Mello (https://marcoarmello.wordpress.com).
FIG. 12 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 12. — Geographic range of Molossus rufus (E. Geoffroy, 1805) in Brasil. The numbers represent the localities described in Appendix 1.
FIG. 10 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 10. — Molossus rufus (E. Geoffroy, 1805). Photo courtesy of Dr Marco A. R. Mello (https://marcoarmello.wordpress.com).
FIG. 11 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 11. — Skull of Molossus rufus E. Geoffroy, 1805: A, dorsal view; B, posterior view; C, lateral view; D, frontal view. Scale bar: 1 mm.
FIG. 2 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 2. — Variable characters in skull morphology within Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Pallas, 1766): A, B, lateral views; C, D, ventral views; E, F, posterior view; H, G, frontal view. Numbers represents characters described in the text: 1, skull robustness; 2, sagittal crest; 3, basioccipital pits; 4, projection of the canines; 5, lambdoidal crest and occipital complex; 6, mastoid process; 7, rostrum shape; 8, infraorbital foramen; 9, upper incisors; 10, nasal process. Not to scale.
FIG. 8 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 8. — Ventral view of skull of Molossus coibensis Allen, 1904. The arrow shows the absence of the basioccipital pits.
FIG. 6 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 6. — Molossus aztecus Saussure, 1860 skull: A, ventral view; B, posterior view; C, lateral view; D, frontal view. Scale bar: 1 mm.
FIG. 5. — Strict consensus tree from eight most parsimonious trees recovered for Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 5. — Strict consensus tree from eight most parsimonious trees recovered for Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805. Numbers above the branches indicate Bootstrap values and bottom numbers indicate Bremer support values.
FIG. 3 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 3. — Principal Components Analysis plot of PC1 and PC2 based on 13 cranial and external variables of Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805: A, females, B, males. Symbols: ■, M. pretiosus Miller, 1902; ■, M. rufus (E. Geoffroy, 1805); ▲, M. currentium Thomas, 1901; +, M. molossus (Pallas, 1766); X, M. coibensis Allen, 1904; ▲, M. aztecus Saussure, 1860;, M. sinaloae Allen, 1906; *, and Molossus sp.
FIG. 1 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 1. — Definition of skull measurements used in this study of Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805. Abbreviations: see Material & Methods. Reprinted from Loureiro
FIG. 7 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 7. — Geographic range of Molossus aztecus Saussure, 1860 in Brazil (Gregorin et al. 2011). -, represents new records for the country, the numbers represent the localities described in Appendix 1.
FIG. 4 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 4. — Principal component analysis of the first two main components (PC1 and PC2) based on 13 cranial and external variables of Molossus molossus: A, males,B, females.Symbols:■, Rio de Janeiro; ▲, Ceará; ▼, Pará; +, Rio Grande do Sul; ▲, Piauí; ●, Mato Grosso do Sul; O, Minas Gerais; *, Bahia; ◆, Amazonas; ●, Paraíba;, São Paulo; ❚, Mato Grosso; x, Paraiba, ▼, Acre; ●, Piaui.
FIG. 19 in Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil
FIG. 19. — Geographic range of Molossus pretiosus Miller, 1902 in Brasil. The numbers represent the localities described in Appendix 1.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.