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FIGURES 14–15. Female genitalia, ventral view. 14 in Resurrection of Caltoris ranrunna (Sonan) from synonymy as a skipper endemic to Taiwan based on COI barcode and morphology

FIGURES 14–15. Female genitalia, ventral view. 14. Caltoris ranrunna; 15. Caltoris cahira. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 10–11. 10 in Resurrection of Caltoris ranrunna (Sonan) from synonymy as a skipper endemic to Taiwan based on COI barcode and morphology

FIGURES 10–11. 10. Holotype male of Caltoris ranrunna (Sonan, 1936) (TARI). 11. F ringe of forewing: left, Caltoris cahira, right, C. ranrunna.

FIGURES 2–9. Adult specimens. 2–5 in Resurrection of Caltoris ranrunna (Sonan) from synonymy as a skipper endemic to Taiwan based on COI barcode and morphology

FIGURES 2–9. Adult specimens. 2–5, Caltoris ranrunna, 2. male, upperside (TAIWAN), 3. male, underside (TAIWAN), 4, female, upperside (TAIWAN), 5. female, underside (TAIWAN); 6–9. Caltoris cahira, 6. male, upperside (CHONGQING), 7. male, underside (CHONGQING), 8. female, upperside (SICHUAN); 9. female, underside (SICHUAN). Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIGURE 1 in Resurrection of Caltoris ranrunna (Sonan) from synonymy as a skipper endemic to Taiwan based on COI barcode and morphology

FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic construction of selected Caltoris species based on COI barcode. ML bootstrap values are showed above branches and BI posterior probabilities below.

FIGURES 25–28. 25 in Description of new apterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) based morphology and DNA barcoding and further records to stonefly fauna of the Caucasus, Georgia

FIGURES 25–28. 25. Collecting place of Plecoptera in Adjaria, Georgia (black dot). Square shows the nearest collecting site of Capnioneura gouanerae in Artvin, Turkey. 26. Female of Leuctra adjariae sp. n. on the snow. 27 & 28. The Kintrishi River, Meskheti Range, the type locality of Leuctra adjariae sp. n. and Leuctra georgiae sp. n. Photo by D. Palatov.

FIGURES 14–16 in Description of new apterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) based morphology and DNA barcoding and further records to stonefly fauna of the Caucasus, Georgia

FIGURES 14–16. Male of Leuctra georgiae sp. n. 14. Habitus, dorsal view. 15. Abdominal tip, lateral. 16. Abdominal tip, dorsal.

FIGURES 10–13 in Description of new apterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) based morphology and DNA barcoding and further records to stonefly fauna of the Caucasus, Georgia

FIGURES 10–13. Female of Leuctra adjariae sp. n. 10. Abdominal tip, subgenital plate, ventral. 11. Subgenital plate, cleared, mounted, ventral. 12. Spermatheca, cleared, mounted ventral. 13. Spermatheca, cleared, mounted, ventrolateral.

FIGURE 1 in Description of new apterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) based morphology and DNA barcoding and further records to stonefly fauna of the Caucasus, Georgia

FIGURE 1. Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree (-Ln likelihood = 1785.88) of Leuctra adjariae sp. n., Leuctra georgiae sp. n. and outgroup inferred from the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) nucleotide sequence data (658 bp). Numbers are bootstrap support of 500 replicates. Specimens obtained in this study are in BOLD.

FIGURES 2–4 in Description of new apterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) based morphology and DNA barcoding and further records to stonefly fauna of the Caucasus, Georgia

FIGURES 2–4. Male of Leuctra adjariae sp. n. 2. Habitus, dorsal view. 3. Pro- meso- and methatorax. Prothorax: b1—basisternum, f1—furcasternum p1—postfurcasternum, s1—spinasternum; b2, f2, p2, s2—the same on the mesothorax. 4. Abdominal tip, lateral.

FIGURES 5–9 in Description of new apterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) based morphology and DNA barcoding and further records to stonefly fauna of the Caucasus, Georgia

FIGURES 5–9. Male of Leuctra adjariae sp. n. 5. Abdominal tip, VII-X terga, dorsal. 6. Abdominal tip, IX-X terga, dorsal. 7. Epiproct, and styles, dorsal. 8. Abdominal tip, IX-X terga, ventral. 9. Styles and specilla, ventral.

FIGURES 17–19 in Description of new apterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) based morphology and DNA barcoding and further records to stonefly fauna of the Caucasus, Georgia

FIGURES 17–19. Male of Leuctra georgiae sp. n. 17. Abdominal tip, IX & X terga, dorsal. 18. Abdominal tip, IX & X terga, ventral. 19. Epiproct, dorsal.

FIGURE 1 in Morphology and DNA barcodes of two species of Bradysia Winnertz from China (Diptera, Sciaridae), with the description of Bradysia minorlobus Yang, Shi & Huang sp. n.

FIGURE 1. Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree of COI based on Kimura two-parameter (K2P) genetic distances. The scale bar indicates the branch length. The alignment was performed based on the K2P model, with substitutions of transitions and transversions. Each sequence is numbered by the Barcode Index Number (BIN BOLD) with voucher materials in Table 1.

FIGURE 3 in Morphology and DNA barcodes of two species of Bradysia Winnertz from China (Diptera, Sciaridae), with the description of Bradysia minorlobus Yang, Shi & Huang sp. n.

FIGURE 3. Bradysia minorlobus Yang, Shi & Huang sp. n., male, holotype. A. Left gonostylus, ventral view; B. Right half of hypopygium, ventral view; C. Palpus, lateral view; D. 4th flagellomere, lateral view; E. Apex of foretibia, prolateral view. Scale bars = 0.10 mm. Drawings: Kai Shi.

FIGURE 2 in Morphology and DNA barcodes of two species of Bradysia Winnertz from China (Diptera, Sciaridae), with the description of Bradysia minorlobus Yang, Shi & Huang sp. n.

FIGURE 2. Bradysia chenjinae Yang, Zhang & Yang, male [SM01799]. A. Left half of hypopygium, ventral view; B. Right gonostylus, ventral view. C. Wing, dorsal view. Scale bars (A-B) = 0.10 mm, scale bar (C) = 0.50 mm. Drawings: Kai Shi.

FIGURE 1 in DNA barcodes and morphology revealed three species masquerading in Xiphydria camelus of authors (Hymenoptera, Xiphydriidae) in Northeast Asia: X. eborata sp. rev. and X. albopicta sp. nov.

FIGURE 1. The maximum likelihood tree based on 558 bp of mitochondrial COI gene sequence (-ln likelihood = 1510.28). Numbers on branches indicate bootstrap values for MP, NJ and ML analyses (shown only for higher nodes with>50). Numbers of each terminal label represent the sample ID or GenBank accession number.

FIGURE 2 in DNA barcodes and morphology revealed three species masquerading in Xiphydria camelus of authors (Hymenoptera, Xiphydriidae) in Northeast Asia: X. eborata sp. rev. and X. albopicta sp. nov.

FIGURE 2. Xiphydria camelus (A, B), X. albopicta (C–E) and X. eborata (F–I), females.—A, Izumisawa, Hokkaido, Japan; B, Kangaslampi, Finland; C, D, holotype; E, Fuuren, Hokkaido, Japan; F, syntype of X. eborata; G, lectotype of X. kawakamii; H, lectotype of X. kuccharonis; I, Shintoku, Hokkaido, Japan.

FIGURE 24 in Validation of Heterocerus heydeni Kuwert, 1890 based on morphology and DNA barcoding, with notes on the problems of classification of the Heteroceridae (Coleoptera)

FIGURE 24. Distribution of Heterocerus heydeni. Circles—studied material: red circles—records only H. heydeni; orange circles—records H. heydeni and H. flexuosus; square—type locality (Dzhizak, Uzbekistan).

FIGURES 6–17 in Validation of Heterocerus heydeni Kuwert, 1890 based on morphology and DNA barcoding, with notes on the problems of classification of the Heteroceridae (Coleoptera)

FIGURES 6–17. Variability and sexual dimorphism of Heterocerus spp. 6–9—H. heydeni, males (South Kazakhstan); 10– 13—H. heydeni, females (South Kazakhstan); 14—H. heydeni, tubercles on clypeus of male, hairs removed; 15—H. heydeni, male abdomen; 16—H. heydeni, female abdomen; 17—H. flexuosus, female with extremely light elytra (Crimea). Scale bars = 1 mm (Figs. 6–13, 15–17) and 0.2 mm (Fig. 14).

FIGURES 2–5. Heterocerus spp. 2—male H in Validation of Heterocerus heydeni Kuwert, 1890 based on morphology and DNA barcoding, with notes on the problems of classification of the Heteroceridae (Coleoptera)

FIGURES 2–5. Heterocerus spp. 2—male H. heydeni from collection ZIN (photo by A. Kovalev); 3—labels of this specimen: handwriting by F.A. Zaitsev (ink), handwriting by R. Charpentier (pencil); 4—H. heydeni general view, male (South Kazakhstan); 5—H. flexuosus general view, male (South Kazakhstan). Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Validation of Heterocerus heydeni Kuwert, 1890 based on morphology and DNA barcoding, with notes on the problems of classification of the Heteroceridae (Coleoptera)

FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood tree of Heteroceridae samples. Colour of branches: blue—Heterocerus, orange—Tropicus, green—Augyles, black—undetermined Heteroceridae. New samples in red, number next to nodes—bootstrap support (only if> 0.50). Samples with retained generic and species names as in BOLD data systems database.