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FIGURE 11. Sabellaria isumiensis n in Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) from shallow waters off Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Japan, and re-descriptions of three Indo-West Pacific sabellariid species

FIGURE 11. Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp., holotype, anterior (A–C) and posterior (D) regions, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B), ventral view (C). Scale 1 mm (A–D).

FIGURE 8. Sabellaria javanica Augener, 1934 in Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) from shallow waters off Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Japan, and re-descriptions of three Indo-West Pacific sabellariid species

FIGURE 8. Sabellaria javanica Augener, 1934, syntype ZMH-11422. Dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views of the anterior part, upper view of crown (E), view of posterior part (D). Scale 1 mm (A–E).

FIGURE 1. Neosabellaria uschakovi Kirtley, 1994 in Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) from shallow waters off Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Japan, and re-descriptions of three Indo-West Pacific sabellariid species

FIGURE 1. Neosabellaria uschakovi Kirtley, 1994, paratype USNM-38577. Whole body (A), upper view of the crown (B, C), outer (D) and middle (E) rows of paleae. Scale 4 mm (A), 1 mm (B, C), 0.1 mm (D, E).

FIGURE 4 in Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) from shallow waters off Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Japan, and re-descriptions of three Indo-West Pacific sabellariid species

FIGURE 4. Sabellaria chandraae de Silva, 1961, NHM-62-14-61. Anterior part (A), upper view of crown (B), lateral view of head (C), dorsal view of crown (D), middle long paleae (E), outer paleae (F), close-up view of tip of outer paleae (G), middle paleae (H). Scale 1 mm (A–D), 0.1 mm (E, F, H), 0.03 mm (G).

FIGURE 7. Sabellaria javanica Augener, 1934 in Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) from shallow waters off Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Japan, and re-descriptions of three Indo-West Pacific sabellariid species

FIGURE 7. Sabellaria javanica Augener, 1934, syntype ZMH-11422. Latero-dorsal (A) and lateral views (B) of the body, posterior parathoracic to anterior abdominal part (C), tube (D). Scale 1 mm (A-D).

FIGURE 12. Sabellaria isumiensis n in Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) from shallow waters off Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Japan, and re-descriptions of three Indo-West Pacific sabellariid species

FIGURE 12. Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp., holotype. Outer paleae (A–C), middle paleae (D, E), inner paleae (F) and uncini (G). ct: central tooth, ldt: lateral distal tooth, p: pilose plume, plt: pilose lateral tooth. Scale 0.02 mm (C, D, E, F) and 0.01 mm (A, B, G).

FIGURE 6 in Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) from shallow waters off Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Japan, and re-descriptions of three Indo-West Pacific sabellariid species

FIGURE 6. Sabellaria chandraae de Silva, 1961 paleae, paratype NHM-62-14-61. Outer paleae (A), close-up of tips of outer paleae (B), middle long paleae (C), middle short paleae (D), inner paleae (E). ct: central tooth, ldt: lateral distal tooth, p: pilose plume, plt: pilose lateral tooth. Scale 0.1 mm (A, C–E), 0.02 mm (B).

FIGURE 10. Sabellaria isumiensis n in Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) from shallow waters off Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Japan, and re-descriptions of three Indo-West Pacific sabellariid species

FIGURE 10. Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. colony (A, B) at the type locality, Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Honshu, Japan, close-up view of colony surface (C), live worms (D, E; paratype CMNH-ZW 01629), ca. 25 mm in length. Scale 2 mm (D, E).

FIGURE 5 in Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) from shallow waters off Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Japan, and re-descriptions of three Indo-West Pacific sabellariid species

FIGURE 5. Sabellaria chandraae de Silva, 1961, NHM-62-14-61. Lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral (C) views of the anterior part, close-up of dorsal crown showing straight nuchal spines (D), posterior part (E). Scale 0.5 mm (A–C, E), 0.25 mm (D).

FIGURE 2. Neosabellaria uschakovi Kirtley, 1994 in Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) from shallow waters off Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Japan, and re-descriptions of three Indo-West Pacific sabellariid species

FIGURE 2. Neosabellaria uschakovi Kirtley, 1994, paratype USNM-38577. Anterior end, dorsal (A), lateral (B), and ventral (C) views, upper view of the crown (D, E) and of the middle part of posterior parathoracic region and anterior abdomen (F). Filled (black) in D and E shows the long kind of the middle paleae, blank (white) shows the short kind. Scale 1 mm (A–F).

FIGURE 3. Neosabellaria uschakovi Kirtley, 1994 in Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) from shallow waters off Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Japan, and re-descriptions of three Indo-West Pacific sabellariid species

FIGURE 3. Neosabellaria uschakovi Kirtley, 1994, paratype USNM-38577. Paleal structure, outer (A, B), middle (C– E), and inner (F) paleae. Scale 0.5 mm (A–F).

FIGURE 9. Sabellaria javanica Augener, 1934 in Sabellaria isumiensis n. sp. (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) from shallow waters off Onjuku, Boso Peninsula, Japan, and re-descriptions of three Indo-West Pacific sabellariid species

FIGURE 9. Sabellaria javanica Augener, 1934, syntype ZMH-11422. Outer paleae (A, B), middle paleae (C), inner paleae (D). Scale 0.1 mm (A–D).

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FIGURE 3. Aplidium dissectum n in Shallow-water species of the genus Aplidium (Ascidiacea) from Kamchatka and Commander Islands

FIGURE 3. Aplidium dissectum n. sp. A, lava (holotype); B, colony, preserved (holotype); C, D, colony underwater (2006-07- 25-04 and 2006-07-25-01 respectively).

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FIGURE 5. Aplidium eborinum n in Shallow-water species of the genus Aplidium (Ascidiacea) from Kamchatka and Commander Islands

FIGURE 5. Aplidium eborinum n. sp., underwater. A, specimen 2004-06-03-01; B, specimen 2006-07-26-02.

FIGURE 12. Spionid internal anatomy. A in Spionidae (Annelida) from shallow waters around the British Islands: an identification guide for the NMBAQC Scheme with an overview of spionid morphology and biology

FIGURE 12. Spionid internal anatomy. A, Spiophanes duplex, 13-segment anterior end of 23-segment juvenile, large glandular organs with long chaetae in segments 5–7, small glandular organs with short chaetae in segments 8–13, and gizzard-like structure (muscularized posterior part of oesophagus) in segments 10–11. B, Laonice petersenae, anterior end, ventral view, dark green excretory metanephridia from segment 4 and interneuropodial lateral pouches from segment 5. C, Prionospio heterobranchia, segments 6–9, dorsal view, main dorsal blood vessel with red blood and soft cylindrical heart body inside. D, Prionospio heterobranchia, middle part of pinnate branchia, arrangement of pinnules. E, Dipolydora quadrilobata, neuropodium of segment 8, glandular pouch composed by group of glandular cells covered by common envelop. bb—ventral buccal bulb; ch—chaeta inside glandular organ; dv—main dorsal blood vessel; gc—secretory cell of glandular pouch; gi— gizzard-like structure; gl—neuropodial glandular organ; gp—glandular pouch; hb—heart body; hh—hooded hook; lp—lateral interneuropodial pouch; mg—middle gut; ne—nephridium; oe—oesophagus; pi—branchial pinnule; s5–s13—segments 5–13. Scales: A, C–E—50 µm. B—500 µm.

FIGURE 10. Spionid adult morphology. Epithelial glands. A in Spionidae (Annelida) from shallow waters around the British Islands: an identification guide for the NMBAQC Scheme with an overview of spionid morphology and biology

FIGURE 10. Spionid adult morphology. Epithelial glands. A, Polydora cornuta, neuropodia of segments 6–8, left lateral view, external extensions of secretory cells of glandular pouches situated anterior and ventral to vertical row of hooded hooks. B, Boccardia sp., neuropodia of segments 7–8, left lateral view, external extensions of secretory cells of glandular pouches situated anterior, posterior and ventral to vertical row of hooded hooks. C, Spiophanes sp., segments 4–7, left lateral view, enlarged neuropodial postchaetal lamellae on segments 5–7 with ornamented fiber spreaders (openings of fiber glands) in shape of flying bird. D, Spiophanes sp., segments 11–15, left lateral view, enlarged neuropodial postchaetal lamellae with slit-like openings of fiber glands (fiber spreaders) with protruding hardened secretion. E, Spio sp., anterior segments, ventral view, small paired ventral pores arranged in transverse line on each segment. F, Polydora cornuta, pygidium, rear view, numerous external extensions of epithelial glandular cells with protruding hardened secretion appearing as numerous spicules. an—anus; fs—fiber spreader; gc—external extension of glandular cell; hh—hooded hook; ic—ventral inferior capillary; lo—lateral ciliated organ; ne—neuropodial postchaetal lamella; no—notopodial postchaetal lamella; s5–s7—segments 5–7; s12–s15— segments 12–15; sa—ventral inferior sabre chaeta; se—hardened secretion protruding from fiber spreader; vp—ventral pore. Scales: A, F—20 µm. B–E—50 µm.

FIGURE 9. Spionid adult morphology. Posterior segments and pygidia. A in Spionidae (Annelida) from shallow waters around the British Islands: an identification guide for the NMBAQC Scheme with an overview of spionid morphology and biology

FIGURE 9. Spionid adult morphology. Posterior segments and pygidia. A, Prionospio sp., left lateral view, pygidium with long middorsal cirrus and two shorter ventral cirri. B, Pygospio elegans, dorsal view, pygidium with one pair of dorsal cirri and one pair of ventral cirri. C, Malacoceros sp., rear view, pygidium with five dorsal cirri and one pair of ventral cirri. D, Dipolydora cardalia, rear view, pygidium with two dorsal lobes and one large ventral lobe. E, Polydora cornuta, left lateral view, funnel-shaped pygidium with dorsal gap. F, Scolelepis sp., left lateral view, cushion-like pygidium. an—anus; dl—dorsal lobe; lo—lateral ciliated organ; mc—middorsal cirrus; vc—ventral cirri; vl—ventral lobe. Scales: A, B, F, E—30 µm. C—50 µm. D—100 µm.

FIGURE 8. Spionid adult morphology. Branchiae. A in Spionidae (Annelida) from shallow waters around the British Islands: an identification guide for the NMBAQC Scheme with an overview of spionid morphology and biology

FIGURE 8. Spionid adult morphology. Branchiae. A, Paraprionospio sp., anterior end, dorsal view, palps and first pair of branchiae missing, branchiae with plates on chaetigers 2 and 3. B, Paraprionospio sp., middle part of branchia, plates with transverse ciliation. C, Prionospio sp., segments 2–5, left lateral view, long pinnate branchiae on segments 2 and 5, and short, smooth robust branchiae on segments 3 and 4. D, Dipolydora armata, segments 7 and 8, fronto-dorsal view, flattened branchiae basally fused to notopodial postchaetal lamellae. E, Dispio sp., middle segments, left lateral view, lateral gills positioned posterior to notopodia. F, Laonice cirrata, middle segments, left lateral view, lateral pouches between neuropodia of adjacent segments. G, Scolelepis sp., middle segments, left lateral view, notopodial postchaetal lamellae fused to branchiae all along their length. br—dorsal branchia; ic—inner branchial ciliation; lg—lateral gills; lo—lateral ciliated organ; lp—lateral interneuropodial pouch; no—notopodial postchaetal lamella; nt—nototroch; oc—outer branchial ciliation; pi—branchial pinnule. Scales: A—300 µm. B—50 µm. C, E, G—100 µm. D—20 µm. F—200 µm.

FIGURE 7. Spionid adult morphology. Chaetae. A in Spionidae (Annelida) from shallow waters around the British Islands: an identification guide for the NMBAQC Scheme with an overview of spionid morphology and biology

FIGURE 7. Spionid adult morphology. Chaetae. A, Prionospio sp., neuropodium of a middle segment, left fronto-lateral view, capillaries alternating with hooks, and single inferior sabre chaeta. B, Spiophanes sp., neuropodial hooks, small subterminal hood below main fang and a series of small upper teeth above main fang. C, Pygospio elegans, spoon-like hooks in neuropodium of segment 8. D, Pygospio elegans, bidentate hooks in neuropodium of segment 14. E, Dipolydora armata, posterior segment, awl-like spines in notopodium and hooded hooks in neuropodium. F, Streblospio benedicti, multidentate hooks with small upper teeth arranged in two vertical rows above main fang. ca—capillaries alternating hooded hooks; fa— main fang of hook; hh—hooded hook; ho—subdistal hood below main fang of hook; sa—inferior sabre chaeta; up—upper teeth above main fang of hook. Scales: A—20 µm. B, F—2 µm. C, D—5 µm. E—10 µm.

FIGURE 5. Spionid adult morphology. A in Spionidae (Annelida) from shallow waters around the British Islands: an identification guide for the NMBAQC Scheme with an overview of spionid morphology and biology

FIGURE 5. Spionid adult morphology. A, Prionospio sp., anterior end, left lateral view, long pinnate branchiae on segments 2 and 5, smooth robust branchiae on segments 3 and 4, and dorsal crests on postbranchiate segments, palps missing. B, Laonice cirrata, anterior end, left lateral view, left palp missing, deep longitudinal frontal groove on right palp sided by undulating edges and lined with short cilia. C, Microspio sp., anterior end, ventral view, bifurcated prostomium, dorsal and dorso-lateral ciliated folds of foregut, and large ventral lip of peristomium fused to the first segment. D, Spiophanes sp., middle segments, dorsal view, metameric nuchal organs, dorsal ridges bearing long and dense nototroch cilia on top, and subulate notopodial postchaetal lamellae. E, Scolelepis sp., basal parts of palps, basal sheath with papillae on edge. F, Scolelepis sp., fragment of head and palp bases, frontal view, indistinct sheaths tightly fused to basal parts of palps. bs—basal sheath on palp; dc—dorsal crest; dl—dorso-lateral ciliated fold of foregut; do—dorsal ciliated fold of foregut; gr—longitudinal frontal groove on palp; lc—intersegmental lateral longitudinal ciliation; lo—lateral ciliated organ; no—notopodial postchaetal lamella; nt—nototroch; nu—nuchal organ; pa—palp; pb—proboscis; pr—prostomium; ps—papilla on basal sheath on palp; s1—segment 1; vp— ventral lip of peristomium. Scales: A, C–E—100 µm. B—200 µm. F—50 µm.