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Figure 12 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 12. Eucometis penicillata photographed at Coluna Prestes, Diamante d'Oeste County. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 11 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 11. Spectrogram of the vocalization (after playback) of an individual of Myiothlypis flaveola recorded at Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area, Santa Helena County.
Figure 13 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 13. Male Sporophila palustris photographed at the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná campus, city of Santa Helena. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 9 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 9. Casiornis rufus photographed at Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area, Santa Helena County. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 8 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 8. Individual of Campylorhamphus trochilirostris photographed on the UniversidadeFederaldoParanácampus, cityofPalotina. Photo:AndréRüdiger.
Figure 6 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 6. Three of the six Amazona vinacea individuals photographed at the UniversidadeTecnológica Federal do Paraná campus, city of Santa Helena (WA4249943). Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 7 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 7. Female Herpsilochmus longirostris photographed at Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area, Santa Helena County. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 5 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 5. Male Laterallus exilis (UTFPR-56) in ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views registered at the UniversidadeTecnológica Federal do Paraná campus, city of Santa Helena.
Figure 10 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 10. Campylorhynchus turdinus photographed in the city of Santa Helena. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Figure 1 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 1. Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area in relation to the state of Paraná (A) and the counties of Diamante d'Oeste and Santa Helena (B). Green indicates remaining vegetation of over 50 ha.
Figure 3 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 3. Accumulation curve of aquatic species recorded on the margins of the Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area, Santa Helena County.
Figure 4 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 4. Individual of Busarellus nigricollis photographed at Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area, Santa Helena county. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Data from: Population genomics and morphometric assignment of western honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) in the Republic of South Africa
Backgrounds: Apis mellifera scutellata and A.m. capensis (the Cape honey bee) are western honey bee subspecies indigenous to the Republic of South Africa (RSA). Both bees are important for biological and economic reasons. First, A.m. scutellata is the invasive "African honey bee" of the Americas and exhibits a number of traits that beekeepers consider undesirable. They swarm excessively, are prone to absconding (vacating the nest entirely), usurp other honey bee colonies, and exhibit heightened defensiveness. Second, Cape honey bees are socially parasitic bees; the workers can reproduce thelytokously. Both bees are indistinguishable visually. Therefore, we employed Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS), wing geometry and standard morphometric approaches to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of these bees to search for diagnostic markers that can be employed to distinguish between the two subspecies. Results: Apis mellifera scutellata possessed the highest mean number of polymorphic SNPs (among 2,449 informative SNPs) with minor allele frequencies >0.05 (Np = 88%). The RSA honey bees generated a high level of expected heterozygosity (Hexp = 0.24). The mean genetic differentiation (FST; 6.5%) among the RSA honey bees revealed that approximately 93% of the genetic variation was accounted for within individuals of these subspecies. Two genetically distinct clusters (K = 2) corresponding to both subspecies were detected by Model-based Bayesian clustering and supported by Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) inferences. Selected highly divergent loci (n = 83) further reinforced a distinctive clustering of two subspecies across geographical origins, accounting for approximately 83% of the total variation in the PCoA plot. The significant correlation of allele frequencies at divergent loci with environmental variables suggested that these populations are adapted to local conditions. Only 17 of 48 wing geometry and standard morphometric parameters were useful for clustering A.m. capensis, A.m. scutellata, and hybrid individuals. Conclusions: We produced a minimal set of 83 SNP loci and 17 wing geometry and standard morphometric parameters useful for identifying the two RSA honey bee subspecies by genotype and phenotype. We found that genes involved in neurology/behavior and development/growth are the most prominent heritable traits evolved in the functional evolution of honey bee populations in RSA.
An improved understanding of ungulate population dynamics using count data: insights from western Montana
<p class="FirstParagraph">Understanding the dynamics of ungulate populations is critical given their ecological and economic importance. In particular, the ability to evaluate the evidence for potential drivers of variation in population trajectories is important for informed management. However, the use of age ratio data (e.g., juveniles:adult females) as an index of variation in population dynamics is hindered by a lack of statistical power and difficult interpretation. Here, we show that the use of a population model based on count, classification and harvest data can dramatically improve the understanding of ungulate population dynamics by: 1) providing estimates of vital rates (e.g., per capita recruitment and population growth) that are easier to interpret and more useful to managers than age ratios and 2) increasing the power to assess potential sources of variation in key vital rates. We used a time series of elk (<i>Cervus canadensis</i>) spring count and classification data (2004 to 2016) and fall harvest data from hunting districts in western Montana to construct a population model to estimate vital rates and assess evidence for an association between a series of environmental covariates and indices of predator abundance on per capita recruitment rates of elk calves. Our results suggest that per capita recruitment rates were negatively associated with cold and wet springs, and severe winters, and positively associated with summer precipitation. In contrast, an analysis of the raw age ratio data failed to detect these relationships. Our approach based on a population model provided estimates of the region-wide mean per capita recruitment rate (mean = 0.25, 90% CI = 0.21, 0.29), temporal variation in hunting-district-specific recruitment rates (minimum = 0.09; 90% CI = [0.07, 0.11], maximum = 0.43; 90% CI = [0.38, 0.48]), and annual population growth rates (minimum = 0.83; 90% CI = [0.78, 0.87], maximum = 1.20; 90% CI = [1.11, 1.29]). We recommend using routinely collected population count and classification data and a population modeling approach rather than interpreting estimated age ratios as a substantial improvement in understanding population dynamics.</p>
Data from: Holocene population decline and conservation implication for the Western Hercules Beetle, Dynastes grantii (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae)
The Western Hercules beetle (Dynastes grantii) is endemic to the highland forest habitats of southwestern USA and northern Mexico. The habitats harbor many endemic species, but are being threatened by rapid climate change and urban development. In this study, the genetic structure of D. grantii populations from southwestern USA was investigated. Specifically, genomic data from double-digest RADseq (ddRADseq) libraries were utilized to test whether geographically distant populations from the Mogollon Rim (Arizona [N = 12 individuals] and New Mexico [N = 10 individuals]) are genetically structured. The study also estimated the effective population size of the Mogollon Rim populations based on genetic diversity. The results indicated that the two geographic populations from the Mogollon Rim were not genetically structured. A population size reduction was detected since the end of the last glacial period, which coincided with a reduction of forest habitat in the study area. The results implied that the connectivity and the size of highland forest habitats in the Mogollon Rim could have been the major factors shaping the population genetic structure and demographic history of D. grantii. The Western Hercules beetle could be a useful flagship species for local natural history education and to promote the conservation of highland forest habitats.
Data from: Geosmithia associated with bark beetles and woodborers in the western USA: taxonomic diversity and vector specificity
Fungi in the genus Geosmithia (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) are frequent associates of bark beetles and woodborers that colonize hardwood and coniferous trees. One species, Geosmithia morbida, is an economically damaging invasive species. The authors surveyed the Geosmithia species of California and Colorado, USA, to (i) provide baseline data on taxonomy of Geosmithia and beetle vector specificity across the western USA; (ii) investigate the subcortical beetle fauna for alternative vectors of the invasive G. morbida; and (iii) interpret the community composition of this region within the emerging global biogeography of Geosmithia. Geosmithia was detected in 87% of 126 beetle samples obtained from 39 plant species. Twenty-nine species of Geosmithia were distinguished, of which 13 may be new species. Bark beetles from hardwoods, Cupressus, and Sequoia appear to be regular vectors, with Geosmithia present in all beetle gallery systems examined. Other subcortical insects appear to vector Geosmithia at lower frequencies. Overall, most Geosmithia have a distinct level of vector specificity (mostly high, sometimes low) enabling their separation to generalists and specialists. Plant pathogenic Geosmithia morbida was not found in association with any other beetle besides Pityophthorus juglandis. However, four additional Geosmithia species were found in P. juglandis galleries. When integrated with recent data from other continents, a global pattern of Geosmithia distribution across continents, latitudes, and vectors is emerging: of the 29 Geosmithia species found in the western USA, 12 have not been reported outside of the USA. The most frequently encountered species with the widest global distribution also had the broadest range of beetle vectors. Several Geosmithia spp. with very narrow vector ranges in Europe exhibited the similar degree of specialization in the USA. Such strong canalization in association could reflect an ancient origin of each individual association, or a recent origin and a subsequent diversification in North America.
Fig. 30 in On Hesperocranum, A New Spider Genus from Western North America (Araneae, Liocranidae)
Fig. 30. Western North America, showing records of Hesperocranum rothi.
Low Poly Western Building and Environment
Western building and environments all of them game ready. Feel free to use in your projects! Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Stylized Western Revolver
Based on a Colt Peacemaker Revolver, feel free to use in any projects as long as you credit me somewhere lmao. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
FIGURE 2 in First record of the family Coralliidae (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the western South Atlantic, with a description of Corallium medea Bayer, 1964
FIGURE 2. Corallium medea (MNRJ 4265): axis under SEM. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.