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FIGURE 4 in A new lizard species of the Liolaemus kingii group (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from northwestern Chubut province (Argentina)

FIGURE 4. Liolaemus attenboroughi sp. nov., holotype (adult male), dorsal and ventral views. Line corresponds to 5 cm.

FIGURES 96–101 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 96–101. Surirella brebissonii var. kuetzingii, SEM, internal view. 96–98. Three complete valves. Note that the valve is composed of two portions: central and outside (labeled in Fig. 97). 99. Headpole from Fig. 96, note the continuous raphe at the apex (wavy arrow). 100. Footpole from Fig. 96, note the raphe interrupted at the apex (two arrows). 101. Detail of the valve margin from Fig. 96, note the slim and short fibulae and the occurrence of three portulae between two adjacent fibulae. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 96–98), 1 μm (Figs 99–101).

FIGURES 72–77 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 72–77. Surirella lacrimula, SEM, internal view. 72–74. Three complete valves, note the slim and short fibulae, some bifurcate (one arrow respectively), and the distinct central portion (indicated by a dotted line in Fig. 74). 75. Details on the middle section from Fig. 72. Note the presence of three portulae between two adjacent fibulae (three arrows) and multiseriate striae. 76. Headpole from Fig. 72, note the continuous raphe (wave arrow). 77. Footpole from Fig. 72, note the interrupted raphe endings (two arrows). Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 72–74), 1 μm (Figs 75–77).

FIGURES 55–66 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 55–66. Surirella lacrimula, LM (1000×). 55–66. Twelve different valves showing the size diminution series. Note the ovate valve outline, the recognizable central and outside portions of the valve (labeled in Fig. 59), and the discernible costa-stria bundles (CBSs) within the outside portion. Scale bar = 10 μm (in Fig. 55).

FIGURES 49–54 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 49–54. Surirella minuta, SEM, internal view. 49, 50. Two complete valves, note the portulae are clearly visible. 51. Middle part of the valve, details from Fig. 49. Note that each fibula corresponds to a sinking in the mantle (three double-headed arrows). 52. Headpole from Fig. 49, note the continuing raphe (wavy arrow). 53. Footpole from Fig. 49, note the interrupted raphe endings (two arrows). 54. Middle part from Fig. 50, note only one portula between two adjacent fibulae (two arrows). Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 49–50), 1 μm (Figs 51–54).

FIGURES 43–48 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 43–48. Surirella minuta, SEM, external view. 43, 44. Two valves showing the valve shape and the pattern of costa-stria bundles (CSB, labeled with white arrows in Fig. 43) alternated with over-fibula costae (OFC, labelled with black arrows in Fig. 43) from pole to pole. 45, 46. Details of the middle section of the valve (Fig. 45 from Fig. 43, Fig. 46 from Fig. 44), note the pattern of CSB alternated with OFC and multiseriate striae. 47, 48. Details of the apices from Fig. 43. Note the raphe endings interrupted at both the headpole (Fig. 47) and footpole (Fig. 48). Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 43, 44), 1 μm (Figs 45–48).

FIGURES 21–26 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 21–26. Surirella liubingii sp. nov., SEM, internal view. 21–23. Three complete valves, note the robust fibulae and the internal wall of the raphe canal that distinctly grows into the cell cavity to the extent that the internal raphe canal wall develops to form a longitudinal siliceous plate (i.e., a "pseudoseptum") from the valve margin, indicated by two double-headed arrows in Fig. 21), which hides the portula structure. 24. Headpole from Fig. 21, note the continuous raphe. 25. Middle part, detail from Fig. 21, note the robust fibulae extending to the midline (two arrows) and multiseriate striae. 26. Footpole from Fig. 21, note interrupted raphe endings (two arrows) and striated raphe canal wall (two wavy arrows). Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 21–23), 1 μm (Figs 24–26).

FIGURES 67–71 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 67–71. Surirella lacrimula, SEM, external view. 67.A complete valve showing the relatively flat valve surface and inconspicuous costa-stria bundles (CSBs). 68, 69. Details of the apices, from Fig. 67. 70, 71. Details of the middle section of the valve, from Fig. 67. Note that over-fibula costae (OFCs) are difficult to distinguish. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 67), 1 μm (Figs 68–71).

FIGURES 15–20 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 15–20. Surirella liubingii sp. nov., SEM, external view. 15–17. Three valves showing the valve shape, the pattern of costa-stria bundles (CSBs, white arrows labeled in Fig. 16) alternated with over-fibula costae (OFCs, black arrows labeled in Fig. 16) from pole to pole. 18. Middle section of the valve, detail from Fig. 17, note CSBs, OFCs, and multiseriate striae. 19, 20. Details of the valve apices from Fig. 17, note the simple, interrupted raphe endings at both the footpole (Fig. 19, two arrows) and headpole (Fig. 20, two arrows). Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 15–17), 1 μm (Figs 18–20).

FIGURES 90–95 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 90–95. Surirella brebissonii var. kuetzingii, SEM, external view. 90, 91. Two complete valves, note the valve composed of a central portion and outside portion (indicated in Fig. 91). 92. Details of the middle section from Fig. 90, note costa-stria bundles (CSBs) alternating with over-fibula costae (OFCs). 93, 94. Details of the headpole (Fig. 93) and footpole (Fig. 94) from Fig. 90. Note the simple, interrupted raphe endings at both poles (two arrows respectively). Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 90, 91), 1 μm (Figs 92–95).

FIGURES 27–42 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 27–42. Surirella minuta, LM (1000×). Sixteen valves illustrating the size diminution series. Note the costa-stria bundles that nearly reach the valve margins. Scale bar = 10 μm (in Fig. 27).

FIGURES 1–14 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 1–14. Surirella liubingii sp. nov., LM (1000×). Fourteen different valves showing the size diminution series of this species. Note that the costa-stria bundles (CSBs) do not reach the valve margins because the internal wall of the raphe canal grows into the cell cavity to form a "pseudoseptum" from the valve margin (indicated by two arrows in Fig. 4). Fig. 1 corresponds to holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm (in Fig. 1).

FIGURES 78–89 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 78–89. Surirella brebissonii var. kuetzingii, LM (1000×). 78–89. Twelve valves illustrating an incomplete size diminution series for this species. Note the ovate valve outline, the valve composed of a recognizable central portion and an outside portion, and the conspicuous costa-stria bundles (CSBs) within the outside valve portion (labeled in Fig. 83). Scale bar = 10 μm (in Fig. 78).

FIGURES 102–107 in Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae

FIGURES 102–107. Characteristics of the portulae among five Surirella taxa, SEM, internal view. 102, 103. Portula structure of S. liubingii, note the striated internal raphe canal wall (Fig. 102, three arrows) and the presence of only one portula between two adjacent fibulae (Fig. 103, three arrows). 104. Portula structure of S. minuta, note the occurrence of only one portula (three arrows). 105–107. Portula structure of S. lacrimula, S. brebissonii var. kuetzingii, and S. tientsinensis, respectively. Note that these three taxa have three portulae between two adjacent fibulae (three arrows respectively) but that a marginal trough-like depression is only produced in S. brebissonii var. kuetzingii (Fig. 106). Scale bars =1 μm (Figs 102–107).

Figure 9 in Reinstatement of Aloe candelabrum A.Berger (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae), a tree-like aloe of KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa

Figure 9. Population of Aloe ferox south of Swellendam, Western Cape province. Both leaf surfaces are either smooth or with irregularly scattered, pungent spines, and the lower surface has a few spines in the median line near the apex. Photograph: Estrela Figueiredo.

Figure 6 in Reinstatement of Aloe candelabrum A.Berger (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae), a tree-like aloe of KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa

Figure 6. Rare white flowers of Aloe cande- labrum, Ashburton, KwaZulu-Natal province. Photograph: Neil R. Crouch.

Figure 3 in Reinstatement of Aloe candelabrum A.Berger (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae), a tree-like aloe of KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa

Figure 3. The inflorescences of Aloe candelabrum resemble chandeliers, and have up to 12 raceme branches. Although not obvious in this Ashburton plant, the terminal raceme is often longer than the laterals. Photograph: Neil R. Crouch.

Figure 1 in Reinstatement of Aloe candelabrum A.Berger (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae), a tree-like aloe of KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa

Figure 1. The large rosettes of Aloe candelabrum are carried atop robust stems that are clothed in the remains of dry leaves, Ashburton, KwaZulu-Natal province. Photograph: Neil R. Crouch.

Figure 15 in Reinstatement of Aloe candelabrum A.Berger (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae), a tree-like aloe of KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa

Figure 15. The arrangement of leaf prickles on this Aloe candelabrum plant at Izingolweni in southern KwaZulu-Natal is comparable to that observed in some Aloe ferox specimens from the Eastern Cape province. Photograph: Geoff Nichols.

Figure 12 in Reinstatement of Aloe candelabrum A.Berger (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae), a tree-like aloe of KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa

Figure 12. Tall specimens of Aloe candelabrum at Izingolweni, southern KwaZulu-Natal province. These plants share various characteristics with A. ferox, including erect to spreading leaf orientation. Photograph: Geoff Nichols.