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Figs 1–5 in A review of three Tusitala (Araneae: Salticidae) species from southern Africa, with a new synonymy and description of a new species from Botswana

Figs 1–5. Tusitala spp.: (1) male carapace, fronto-lateral view; (2) male chelicera, apical view; (3) ditto; (4) spermathecae; (5) epigyne.

Figs 43–54 in A review of three Tusitala (Araneae: Salticidae) species from southern Africa, with a new synonymy and description of a new species from Botswana

Figs 43–54. Tusitala barbata, general appearance: (43–45) male, dorsal view; (46) ditto, lateral view; (47) ditto, ventral view; (48–50) male palp, ventral view; (51) male "face", frontal-lateral view; (52) ditto, frontal view; (53) chelicerae, posterior view; (54) ditto, anterior view. Scale bars: (43–52) = 1 mm; (53, 54) = 0.5 mm.

Figs 79–83 in A review of three Tusitala (Araneae: Salticidae) species from southern Africa, with a new synonymy and description of a new species from Botswana

Figs 79–83. Tusitala hirsuta, general appearance: (79–81) male palp, ventral view; (82) chelicera, posterior view; (83) ditto, anterior view. Scale bars: (79–81) = 1 mm; (82, 83) = 0.5 mm.

Figs 72–78 in A review of three Tusitala (Araneae: Salticidae) species from southern Africa, with a new synonymy and description of a new species from Botswana

Figs 72–78. Tusitala hirsuta, general appearance: (72–74) male, dorsal view; (75) ditto, lateral view; (76) ditto, ventral view; (77) male "face", frontal view; (78) ditto, frontal-lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 4. A–B in Three new species of pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from caves in Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces, China

Fig. 4. A–B. Allochthonius lini sp. nov., dorsal views. A. ♂, holotype (MCWNU (Ar-Ps-YN-0082)). B. ♀, paratype (MCWNU (Ar-Ps-YN-0019)). C–D. A. xuae sp. nov., dorsal views. C. ♂, holotype (MCWNU (Ar-Ps-GZ-0056)). D. ♀, paratype (MCWNU (Ar-Ps-GZ-0012)). Scale bar = 1.00 mm.

Fig. 3 in Three new species of pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from caves in Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces, China

Fig. 3. Spelaeochthonius yinae sp. nov. A–L. ♂, holotype (MCWNU (Ar-Ps-YN-0081)). M. ♀, paratype (MCWNU (Ar-Ps-YN-0008)). A. Carapace. B. Epistome C. Right chelicera. D. Coxal spines. E. Rallum of left chelicera. F. Left leg I, lateral view. G. Left leg IV, lateral view. H. Left pedipalp (minus chela). I. Chela, retrolateral view. J. Chela, dorsal view. K. Intercoxal tubercle. L. Male genital area. M. Female genital area. Scale bars = 0.20 mm.

Fig. 6 in Three new species of pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from caves in Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces, China

Fig. 6. The known distribution of Pseudotyrannochthoniidae from China. 1. Allochthonius brevitus Hu & Zhang, 2012. 2. A. exornatus Gao & Zhang, 2013. 3. A. fanjingshan Gao, Zhang & Zhang, 2016. 4. A. fuscus Hu & Zhang, 2011. 5. A. jingyuanus Zhang & Zhang, 2014. 6. A. liaoningensis Hu & Zhang, 2012. 7. A. lini sp. nov. 8. A. sichuanensis (Schawaller, 1995). 9. A. trigonus Hu & Zhang, 2011. 10. A. wui Hu & Zhang, 2011. 11. A. xuae sp. nov. 12. Centrochthonius kozlovi (Redikorzev, 1918). 13. C. cheni (Gao, Zhang & Zhang, 2016). 14. S. yinae sp. nov.

Fig. 1 in Three new species of pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from caves in Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces, China

Fig. 1. Allochthonius lini sp. nov. A–K. ♂, holotype (MCWNU (Ar-Ps-YN-0082)). L. ♀, paratype (MCWNU (Ar-Ps-YN-0019)). A. Carapace. B. Right chelicera. C. Coxal spines. D. Rallum of left chelicera. E. Right leg I, lateral view. F. Right leg IV, lateral view. G. Right pedipalp (minus chela). H. Chela, retrolateral view. I. Chela, dorsal view. J. Intercoxal tubercle. K. Male genital area. L. Female genital area. Scale bars = 0.20 mm.

Fig. 5 in Three new species of pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from caves in Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces, China

Fig. 5. Spelaeochthonius yinae sp. nov., dorsal views. A. ♂, holotype (MCWNU (Ar-Ps-YN-0081)). B. ♀, paratype (MCWNU (Ar-Ps-YN-0008)). Scale bar = 1.00 mm.

Fig. 2 in Three new species of pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from caves in Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces, China

Fig. 2. Allochthonius xuae sp. nov. A–H. ♂, holotype (MCWNU (Ar-Ps-GZ-0056)). I. ♀, paratype (MCWNU (Ar-Ps-GZ-0012)). A. Carapace. B. Right chelicera. C. Coxal spines. D. Rallum of left chelicera. E. Left pedipalp (minus chela). F. Chela, retrolateral view. G. Chela, dorsal view. H. Male genital area. I. Female genital area. Scale bars = 0.20 mm.

(new version data) Probing the atomically diffuse interfaces in core-shell nanoparticles in three dimensions

Deciphering the three-dimensional atomic structure of solid-solid interfaces in core-shell nanomaterials is the key to understand their remarkable catalytical, optical and electronic properties. Here, we probe the three-dimensional atomic structures of palladium-platinum core-shell nanoparticles at the single-atom level using atomic resolution electron tomography. We successfully quantify the rich structural variety of core-shell nanoparticles with heteroepitaxy in 3D at atomic resolution. Instead of forming an atomically-sharp boundary, the core-shell interface is atomically diffuse with an average thickness of 4.2 Å, irrespective of the particle's morphology or crystallographic texture. We observed dissolved free Pd and Pt single atoms and sub-nanometer clusters using cryogenic electron microscopy. The high concentration of Pd in the diffusive interface is highly related to the free Pd atoms dissolved from the Pd seeds. These results advance our understanding of core-shell structures at the fundamental level, providing potential strategies into precise nanomaterial manipulation and chemical property regulation.   The data and source codes for the paper "Probing the atomically diffuse interfaces in core-shell nanoparticles in three dimensions" are posted below. # Repositary Contents ### 1. Experiment Data Folder: [Measured_data](./1_Measured_data) This folder contains denoised and aligned ADF-STEM projections and corresponding finalized tilt angles for three Pd@Pt core-shell nanoparticles. Three particles are named PB (pentagonal bipyramid shaped), EPB (elongated pentagonal bipyramid shaped) and TO (truncated octahedron shaped), respectively. ### 2. Reconstructed 3D Volume Folder: [Final_reconstruction_volume](./2_Final_reconstruction_volume) This folder contains 3D tomographic reconstruction volumes of three particles. For the source code of RESIRE algorithm used in these reconstructions, please see the [source code](https://github.com/AET-MetallicGlass/Supplementary-Data-Codes/tree/master/2_RESIRE_package) of Yao Yang's paper on github. ### 3. Atom Tracing and Classification Folder: [Tracing_and_classification](./3_Tracing_and_classification) This folder contains the source code to trace and classify atoms in the 3D volume. ### 4. Experimental Atomic Models Folder: [Final_coordinates](./4_Final_coordinates) This folder contains the final coordinates of three nanoparticles. ### 5. Analysis of core-shell interface and others Folder: [Analysis_of_interface](./5_Analysis_of_interface) This folder contains the codes to analyse the pair distribution function (PDF), the core-shell interface, the local coordination structure (PTM), the displacement and strain map of three nanoparticles.

FIGURE 9 in GUILHERME C. PRADO & RODRIGO L. FERREIRA (2023) Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil Zootaxa, 5249 (1), 092-110.

FIGURE 9. Pseudochthonius pali sp. nov. A Google cave region. Satellite view B Google cave general aspect C Live male holotype D Live female paratype.

FIGURE 10 in GUILHERME C. PRADO & RODRIGO L. FERREIRA (2023) Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil Zootaxa, 5249 (1), 092-110.

FIGURE 10. Ecological impacts to the subterranean habitat A Deforestation near cave entrance B Vegetal coal furnace.

FIGURE 9 in GUILHERME C. PRADO & RODRIGO L. FERREIRA (2023) Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil Zootaxa, 5249 (1), 092-110.

FIGURE 9. Pseudochthonius pali sp. nov. A Google cave region. Satellite view B Google cave general aspect C Live male holotype D Live female paratype.

FIGURE 10 in GUILHERME C. PRADO & RODRIGO L. FERREIRA (2023) Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil Zootaxa, 5249 (1), 092-110.

FIGURE 10. Ecological impacts to the subterranean habitat A Deforestation near cave entrance B Vegetal coal furnace.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Interaural Time Difference discrimination threshold determined through three alternative 2I-2AFC procedures

The present dataset has been collected through an experiment on fast ITD discrimination thresholds determination. Each participant was sitting in front of the laptop computer running the GUI during the test. At each trial, the task consisted of listening to two subsequent and randomly balanced stimuli, and then choosing which sound was the rightmost, by selecting it with the mouse on the computer screen. At the beginning of each session, five pilot trials were presented having ITD levels equal to 240, 200, 160, 120, and 80 μs. Correct guesses in all such trials were necessary for the measurements to start in correspondence with the sixth trial. The session lasted approximately 10 minutes. The protocol was designed for determining the PF 79.4% threshold, describing the subjective lateralization performance as a function of T defined as half of the actual ITD to be discriminated. The target (i.e., rightmost) stimulus was lateralized twice as much as a nominal ITD, and the reference source (i.e., leftmost) stimulus was instead lateralized with an opposite ITD. Hence, an ITD threshold equal to 2T means that a participant discriminated the target ITD by T μs from the reference ITD of −T μs. The protocol implemented three different procedures: • adaptive 'three down, one up' two-interval 2AFC (2I-2AFC hereafter), • Gaussian Process Classification (GPC) with Bayesian Active learning by disagreement (BALD) (BALD hereafter), • GPC with random acquisition function (RANDOM hereafter). Accordingly, every session included three series of trials respectively implementing such procedures in a randomly balanced order. When GPC was used, thus enabling active learning and random selection of ITDs, the number of trials was empirically set to 15. In the dataset you will find: - Participant: IDs of the participant - Age: age of the participant - Gender: gender of the participant - ITD_2AFC: T values presented in the 2I-2AFC procedure -LABEL_2AFC: binary labels for the right (1) or wrong (0) answers in the 2I-2AFC procedure - PRED_2AFC: Weibull fitting predictions on 1-100 microseconds - ITD_BALD: T values presented in the BALD procedure - LABEL_BALD: binary labels for the right (1) or wrong (0) answers in the BALD procedure - MEANS_BALD: means of the GPC Bernoulli likelihood computed on 1-100 microseconds at each iteration step in the BALD procedure - VARS_BALD: variances of the GPC Bernoulli likelihood computed on 1-100 microseconds at each iteration step in the BALD procedure - MEANS_LATENT_BALD: means of the latent GPC prior computed on 1-100 microseconds at each iteration step in the BALD procedure - VARS_LATENT_BALD: variances of the latent GPC prior computed on 1-100 microseconds at each iteration step in the BALD procedure - ITD_RAND: T values presented in the RANDOM procedure - LABEL_RAND: binary labels for the right (1) or wrong (0) answers in the RANDOM procedure - MEANS_RAND: means of the GPC Bernoulli likelihood computed on 1-100 microseconds at each iteration step in the RANDOM procedure - VARS_RAND: variances of the GPC Bernoulli likelihood computed on 1-100 microseconds at each iteration step in the RANDOM procedure - MEANS_LATENT_RAND: means of the latent GPC prior computed on 1-100 microseconds at each iteration step in the RANDOM procedure - VARS_LATENT_RAND: variances of the latent GPC prior computed on 1-100 microseconds at each iteration step in the RANDOM procedure

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Is plagiarism on the rise in Ethiopian politics? The case of three Master's theses at Addis Ababa University

After an inquiry for plagiarism, the University of Düsseldorf in Germany <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/feb/09/german-education-minister-quits-phd-plagiarism">revoked Annette Schavan's doctorate degree in 2013</a>. Schavan (CDU) served as Germany's Federal Minister of Education from 2005 to 2013, and resigned after her PhD was revoked. Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg (CDU), Germany's defense minister, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/01/german-defence-minister-resigns-plagiarism">resigned in 2011</a> when plagiarism was discovered in his PhD dissertation. As a result, the VroniPlag Wiki was established, where the level of plagiarism in German doctorate theses is investigated and documented via crowdsourcing. As a consequence, dozens of politicians were deprived of their degrees, voluntarily abandoned them, or fled politics. <a href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/karriere-hochschule/hoersaal/franziska-giffey-verzicht-auf-doktortitel-ist-nicht-moeglich-18746134.html">Franziska Giffey (SPD) and Martin Huber (CSU)</a> are the most recent additions in 2023. The prestige of having an advanced degree is quite high in Ethiopia, as it is in Germany, and as a result, the temptation for shortcuts may be quite strong. We documented three instances of possible MSc thesis plagiarism at Addis Abeba University (AAU): Abraham Belay (2007), Takele Uma (2014), and Dagmawit Moges (2019), all of whom are (or were until recently) ministers in the Ethiopian government. The MSc theses were formally analysed for similarity with earlier works using <a href="https://www.turnitin.com/">Turnitin anti-plagiarism software</a>. The automated output was then further analysed. Similarities with works produced after or concurrently with the publishing date of the MSc theses were omitted from the similarity report; this pertains to a few instances of theses and articles in predatory journals that plagiarized passages from those theses. Also short similarities (eight words or less) were removed from the report. After that, the similarity scores remain high for the three MSc theses, with numerous fully copied paragraphs and sections. Abraham Belay published an MSc thesis on “<a href="http://etd.aau.edu.et/bitstream/handle/123456789/6598/Abraham%20belay.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">DSP based vector control of induction motor</a>” at AAU’s Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering in 2007 (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230124144908/http:/etd.aau.edu.et/bitstream/handle/123456789/6598/Abraham%20belay.pdf">archive</a>). In 2020, Abraham Belay (Prosperity Party) became minister of Innovation and Technology and in 2021 Minister of Defence. His MSc thesis presents 62% similarities with earlier work by other authors. See Annex A. Takele Uma published an MSc thesis on “<a href="http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/11897">Environmental and Economic Benefits of Bioslurry from Coffee Husk Relative to Chemical Fertilizer</a>” at AAU’s School of Chemical and Bio-Engineering in 2014 (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230409120611/http:/etd.aau.edu.et/bitstream/handle/123456789/11897/Takele%20Uma.pdf">archive</a>). Takele Uma (PP) was mayor of Addis Ababa from 2018 to 2020 and minister of Mines and Petroleum of Ethiopia from 2020 to 2023. His MSc thesis presents 38% similarities with earlier work. See Annex B. Dagmawit Moges (PP) published an MSc thesis on “<a href="http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/19432">The Challenges and Prospects of Dynamic Electronic Service in Strengthening Demand-Responsive Transportation System in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</a>” at AAU’s Department of Public Administration and Development Management in 2019 (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230409120757/http:/etd.aau.edu.et/bitstream/handle/123456789/19432/Dagmawit%20Moges.pdf">archive</a>). Dagmawit was minister of Transport and Communications of Ethiopia from 2018 to 2023. In March 2023, she became director at the Peace Fund Secretariat of the African Union Commission. She <a href="https://smartermobility-africa.com/speakers/h-e-dagmawit-moges-bekele/">chairs also the boards</a> of Woldiya University, the Ethiopian Post, and the Ethiopian Roads Authority. Her MSc thesis presents 33% similarities with earlier work. See Annex C. We encourage readers to review the entire Turnitin reports for the three theses. It is not impossible that further paragraphs extracted from grey literature were missed by the Turnitin algorithms. On 28 February 2020, Addis Ababa University sent a <a href="https://archive.today/2023.04.08-084235/https:/t.me/Addisababauniversity/105">message in Amharic on its Telegram</a> channel, stating in substance that AAU has an anti-plagiarism policy, since plagiarism has been a significant hindrance to the University's efforts to provide excellent education. AAU further states that, earlier on, it has revoked a master's degree it had issued to a student due to plagiarism. It is only logical, then, that the three MSc theses annexed be formally scrutinized for plagiarism and the degrees possibly rescinded. Last but not least, examining the legitimacy of the country's politicians' academic degrees would necessitate a collaborative effort, and we urge concerned academics, students, and alumni of Ethiopian universities to initiate a crowdsourcing effort to detect plagiarism in theses, as is done in Germany with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VroniPlag_Wiki">VroniPlag Wiki</a> and in Russia with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissernet">Dissernet</a>.   Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge the owners of Twitter accounts @EgleGeek and @Zeate1 for pointing out that the three MSc theses addressed here reused texts from previous works. We would also like to thank Alex de Waal (Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA) and Boud Roukema (Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland) for exchanges of thoughts.   Annexes Annex A. <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7810624/files/Annex%20A%20-%20Abraham%20belay%20MSc%20thesis%20SimCheck2.pdf">Turnitin similarity report of the MSc thesis by Abraham Belay (2007)</a>. Annex B. <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7810624/files/Annex%20B%20-%20Takele%20Uma%20MSc%20thesis%20similarity%20check.pdf">Turnitin similarity report of the MSc thesis by Takele Uma (2014).</a> Annex C. <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7810624/files/Annex%20C%20-%20Dagmawit%20Moges%20MSc%20thesis%20similarity%20check.pdf">Turnitin similarity report of the MSc thesis by Dagmawit Moges (2019)</a>.

Fig. 11. A–D in A new genus and three new species of freshwater crab (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae) from central and northern Vietnam

Fig. 11. A–D, Indochinamon lanae, new species, holotype male (39.0 × 30.0 mm) (ZRC 2022.0049), Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam; E–H, I. signum, new species, holotype male (36.9 × 29.3 mm) (ZRC 2022.0051), Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam. A, E, left G1 (ventral view); B, F, terminal segment of left G1 (ventral view); C, G, terminal segment of left G1 (dorsal view); D, H, left G2. Scales: A, D, E, H = 1.0 mm; B, C, F, G = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 10. A–E, K in A new genus and three new species of freshwater crab (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae) from central and northern Vietnam

Fig. 10. A–E, K, Indochinamon lanae, new species, holotype male (39.0 × 30.0 mm) (ZRC 2022.0049), Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam; F–J, L, I. signum, new species, holotype male (36.9 × 29.3 mm) (ZRC 2022.0051), Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam. A, F, left G1 (ventral view); B, G, left G1 (dorsal view); C, H, terminal segment of left G1 (ventral view); D, I, terminal segment of left G1 (dorsal view); E, J, left G2; K, L, male sternopleonal cavity showing gonopods in situ.

Fig. 8 in A new genus and three new species of freshwater crab (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae) from central and northern Vietnam

Fig. 8. Indochinamon lanae, new species, holotype male (39.0 × 30.0 mm) (ZRC 2022.0049), Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam. A, overall dorsal view; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, ventral view of cephalothorax and pleon; E, left third maxilliped; F, male pleon (telson damaged); G, outer view of chelae.