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FIGURES 18–26 in A revision of the endemic South African long-jawed ground spider genus Drassodella Hewitt, 1916 (Araneae: Gallieniellidae)

FIGURES 18–26. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Drassodella guttata sp. nov. female (18–21, 24–26) and male (23), and D. tolkieni sp. nov. female (22): 18 posterior half of carapace, dorsal view, indicating fovea, erect and feathery setae, and rebordered concave posterior margin; 19 eye region, dorsal view; 20 feathery setae on posterior carapace margin and coxa IV; 21 same, feathery setae enlarged; 22 chelicerae, ventral view; 23 chelicerae teeth; 24 endites and labium, ventral view; 25 serrula on endites, ventral view; 26 sternum. Abbreviations: CES—promarginal escort seta; ES—erect setae; FS—feathery setae; MHT—maxillar hair tuft.

FIGURES 5–17 in A revision of the endemic South African long-jawed ground spider genus Drassodella Hewitt, 1916 (Araneae: Gallieniellidae)

FIGURES 5–17. Digital microscope photographs of Drassodella somatic morphology: 5–8 dorsal view of carapace and chelicerae of D. flava sp. nov. female (5), D. guttata sp. nov. male (6), D. transversa sp. nov. male (7) and D. purcelli Tucker, 1923 female (8); 9 D. tenebrosa Lawrence, 1938 female, carapace, lateral view; 10 D. purcelli female, posterodorsal view of carapace, showing pedicel and sclerites; 11 same, ventral pedicel sclerite, ventral view; 12–14 dorsal view of abdomens of D. septemmaculata (Strand, 1909) male (12), D. aurostriata sp. nov. male (13) and D. amatola sp. nov. female (14); 15 D. tenebrosa female, abdomen, anterodorsal view; 16 D. septemmaculata male, abdomen, showing sclerites on venter; 17 D. tenebrosa female, spinnerets, posteroventral view. Abbreviations: AAS—anterior abdominal sclerite; CGS—cylindrical gland spigots; CON—condyle; DPS—dorsal pedicel sclerite; IS—inframamillary sclerite; PB—pleural bars; PES—post-epigastric sclerite; PPS—posterior pleural sclerite; PT—petiole; SC—dorsal scutum; SI—sigillum; VPS—ventral pedicel sclerite.

FIGURE 2. A–C in Rediscovery, taxonomic status, and phylogenetic relationships of two rare and endemic snakes (Serpentes: Psammophiinae) from the southwestern Angolan plateau

FIGURE 2. A–C: Psammophylax rhombeatus SAM/ZR 17520, Kamanjab, Damaraland, Namibia; A, dorsum showing the characteristic boldly blotched body lacking a thin vertebral line separating the paravertebral ocelli but with a partial dark nape collar; B, ventrum showing the irregular rows of dark spots on the white belly. Rostral condition. C, dorsal view of head showing extensive intrusion of rostral between the supranasals; Tundavala. D: Psammophylax ocellatus: PEM R17620 (NB 561), dorsal view of head and E: PEM R17986, Estação Zootécnica, Huíla Province, views of head showing showing rostral barely visible from top and supranasals in broad contact. F–G: Psammophylax cf. ocellatus, SAM ZR 46424, Calueque, Cunene Province, Angola: F, general coloration of forebody showing the reduced paravertebral ocelli and absence of a thin vertebral line or nape collar; and G, ventral surface showing almost complete absence of dark blotches. All photos by W. R. Branch, except for photo D, by N. Baptista.

FIGURE 5 in Rediscovery, taxonomic status, and phylogenetic relationships of two rare and endemic snakes (Serpentes: Psammophiinae) from the southwestern Angolan plateau

FIGURE 5. Phylogenetic tree (Bayesian Inference tree) showing the relationships between selected species in the subfamily Psammophiinae. The two test-species (Psammophylax r. ocellatus and Psammophis ansorgii) are highlighted with grey boxes. The support values are given at the nodes (Bayesian inference posterior probabilities = above node; Maximum likelihood bootstrap values = below the nodes).

FIGURE 4 in Rediscovery, taxonomic status, and phylogenetic relationships of two rare and endemic snakes (Serpentes: Psammophiinae) from the southwestern Angolan plateau

FIGURE 4. Psammophis ansorgii NB 600, Tundavala montane grassland, Huíla province. A: whole body, showing a subdued grey-brown body and distinctive head coloration, with ivory pre- and postoculars and dark-edged upper labial stripe; B: ventral coloration with a central broad light yellow band bordered by white edges, and the ventral surface of the tail brighter yellow without white border; C: unusual dorsal coloration showing dark edges to scattered dorsal scales; and D: these dark scale edges forming an indistinct 'ladder-like' effect on the forebody that was not noted in type description. All photos by N. Baptista.

FIGURE 1. Psammophylax ocellatus PEM R17986 in Rediscovery, taxonomic status, and phylogenetic relationships of two rare and endemic snakes (Serpentes: Psammophiinae) from the southwestern Angolan plateau

FIGURE 1. Psammophylax ocellatus PEM R17986, Estação Zootécnica, montane grasslands, Huíla Province. A: dorsum showing the characteristic boldly blotched body, a thin vertebral line separating the paravertebral ocelli, and the absence of a dark nape collar; B: ventrum showing the white belly with irregular rows of dark spots, that are absent below the tail; C: Live specimen showing general colouration and striking red eye; D: Habitat—montane grasslands, Estação Zootécnica, Huíla Province, Angola. All photos by W. R. Branch.

FIGURE 6 in Rediscovery, taxonomic status, and phylogenetic relationships of two rare and endemic snakes (Serpentes: Psammophiinae) from the southwestern Angolan plateau

FIGURE 6. Distribution of Psammophylax ocellatus (green) and Psammophis ansorgii (blue). Right (A): Africa with location of Angola in blue. Middle (B): Topographic map of Angola, showing relief and central localities, and red square outlining the location of the Humpata Plateau, adjacent to the Chela Escarpment. Localities: 1–2 Catchiungo—Chinguar (blue star) type locality of Psammophis ansorgii; 3, Cunhangamua; 4, Tundavala; 5, Estação Zootécnica; 6, Chibemba (green star) type locality of Psammophylax ocellatus; 7, Humbe; 8, Calueque, near Ruacaná. Left (C): zoomed in region of Humpata Plateau.

FIGURE 6 in The endemic Southern African genus Epirinus Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) revisited: five new species and two new synonyms

FIGURE 6. Habitus of Epirinus flagellatus (Fabricius, 1775), dorsal view. A, male from Okonjima Nature Reserve in Namibia; B, male from Mamohau in Lesotho. Scale bar = 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 4 in The endemic Southern African genus Epirinus Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) revisited: five new species and two new synonyms

FIGURE 4. Aedeagus, dorsal and lateral views. Epirinus davisi Scholtz & Howden, 1987 from (A) Ngoye forest (very close to Dlinza forest) and (B) near Siteki in eSwatini; C, paratype of Epirinus ngomae Medina & Scholtz, 2005 from Ngome forest; D, paratype of Epirinus hluhluwensis Medina & Scholtz, 2005 from Hluhluwe forest. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 1. Habitus, dorsal view. A in The endemic Southern African genus Epirinus Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) revisited: five new species and two new synonyms

FIGURE 1. Habitus, dorsal view. A, Epirinus muellerae Deschodt & Davis, new species, B, Epirinus inparrugosus Deschodt & Davis, new species, C, Epirinus pseudorelictus Deschodt & Davis, new species, D, Epirinus schoolmeestersi Deschodt & Davis, new species and E, Epirinus jacobsae Deschodt & Davis, new species.

FIGURE 3 in The endemic Southern African genus Epirinus Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) revisited: five new species and two new synonyms

FIGURE 3. Aedeagus, dorsal and lateral views. A, Epirinus jacobsi Deschodt & Davis, new species; B, Epirinus schoolmeestersi Deschodt & Davis, new species; C, Epirinus muellerae Deschodt & Davis, new species; D, Epirinus pseudorelictus Deschodt & Davis, new species. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 2. Habitus, dorsal view. A in The endemic Southern African genus Epirinus Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) revisited: five new species and two new synonyms

FIGURE 2. Habitus, dorsal view. A, Epirinus davisi Scholtz & Howden, 1987 (paratype); B, Epirinus ngomae Medina & Scholtz, 2005 (paratype); C, Epirinus hluhluwensis Medina & Scholtz, 2005 (paratype); specimens determined as E. davisi from Nkandla forest (D) and close to Siteki (E). Scale bar = 2.0 mm.

FIGURES 27–31 in A new micropterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) and little known endemic stoneflies from the Greater Caucasus

FIGURES 27–31. Larva of Bulgaroperla mirabilis caucasica. 27. Right lacinia, ventral. Galea with long setae along inner edge. 28. Right mandible, ventral. 29. Arrow shows a weak serration on outer cusp of lower mandibular tooth, ventral. 30. Left cercus, basal segments, ventral. 31. Left cercus, apical segments, ventral.

FIGURES 18–23 in A new micropterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) and little known endemic stoneflies from the Greater Caucasus

FIGURES 18–23. Larva of Leuctra simplex. 18. Short club-shaped bristles on anterior corner of pronotum. 19. Setae on disk and setal fringe of right anterior corner of pronotum. 20. Terga V–VI with posterior fringe of short, thin setae. 21. Terga IX–X with stiff acute bristles. 22. Right fore leg. 23. Right hind leg.

FIGURES 24–26 in A new micropterous winter species of Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) and little known endemic stoneflies from the Greater Caucasus

FIGURES 24–26. Larva of Bulgaroperla mirabilis caucasica. 24. Habitus, dorsolateral. 25. Head and pronotum, dorsal. 26. Terga V–VIII, pigmented spots with short setae.

FIGURE 4. A in Uncovering karst endemism within Borneo: two new Cyrtodactylus species from Sarawak, Malaysia

FIGURE 4. A) Mulu karst formation demonstrating Cyrtodactylus muluensis sp. nov. microhabitat; B) type locality of Cyrtodactylus limajalur sp. nov. The type locality of C. muluensis sp. nov. is primarily old growth with low-lying plants near the karst walls; the type locality of C. limajalur sp. nov. is on the edge of a local palm oil plantation with some old growth remaining at the base of the karst wall and on the portions of the formation at higher elevation.

FIGURE 7 in Uncovering karst endemism within Borneo: two new Cyrtodactylus species from Sarawak, Malaysia

FIGURE 7. ML tree of Bornean Cyrtodactylus and their closely related congeners. Phylogenetic position of C. limajalur sp. nov. and C. muluensis sp. nov. is indicated by the purple and green boxes, respectively. Black circles at the node denote UF values of 95 or greater and posterior probabilities of 0.95 or greater. White circles at the node denote nodes at which either the UF or posterior probability demonstrated support, but not both.

FIGURE 2 in Uncovering karst endemism within Borneo: two new Cyrtodactylus species from Sarawak, Malaysia

FIGURE 2. Photographs of live individuals of Cyrtodactylus muluensis sp. nov. A) adult holotype (CAS 262983); B) juvenile paratype (CAS 262995).

FIGURE 1 in Uncovering karst endemism within Borneo: two new Cyrtodactylus species from Sarawak, Malaysia

FIGURE 1. Preserved type series of Cyrtodactylus muluensis sp. nov. A) type series displaying dorsal side of body (from left to right: CAS 262995; CAS 262986; CAS 262983; CAS 262997; CAS 262996; and CAS 262984; CAS 262985 not shown); and B) type series displaying ventral side of body (specimens arranged in the same order as figure 1A).

FIGURE 3 in Uncovering karst endemism within Borneo: two new Cyrtodactylus species from Sarawak, Malaysia

FIGURE 3. Map of Eastern Malaysia with circles indicating the type locality of the three Bornean karst-dwelling Cyrtodactylus species. Map is an altered version of 2018 Google Earth, US Dept of State Geographer map.