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Figure 1 in Systematics of the genera of Bodotriidae (Crustacea: Cumacea)

Figure 1. Phylogram of most parsimonious topology with the shortest distance score selected from 47 shortest trees for all the genera of the Bodotriidae. Cimmerius is the outgroup. Values above branches represent bootstrap support values> 50%; values below the branches are decay indices.

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Figure 1. Phylogenetic relationships among genera and species groups within Centrolenidae. A in Glass frogs (Centrolenidae) of Yanayacu Biological Station, Ecuador, with the description of a new species and comments on centrolenid systematics

Figure 1. Phylogenetic relationships among genera and species groups within Centrolenidae. A, tree topology suggested by Ruiz-Carranza & Lynch (1991a, b, c, 1996, 1998) and modified by Bolívar et al. (1999), Señaris (2001) and Duellman & Señaris (2003). B, single, most-parsimonious tree of the phylogenetic relationships of Centrolenidae (tree length = 13, CI = 0.923, RI = 0.9474, RC = 0.8745). Numbers refer to the following characters: (1) tibiale and fibulare, 0 = not fused, 1 = partially or completely fused; *(2) T-shaped terminal phalanges, 0 = absent, 1 = present; (3) dilated medial process on Metacarpal III, 0 = absent, 1 = present; (4) eggs deposition site, 0 = deposited in water, 1 = not deposited in water, 2 = deposited on underside of leaves; (5) shape of liver, 0 = liver lobed, 1 = liver bulbous; (6) humeral spine in males, 0 = absent, 1 = present; (7) relative size of disc of Finger III, 0 = disc small (<80% of eye diameter), 1 = disc large (> 80% of eye diameter); (8) coloration of hepatic peritoneum, 0 = clear, 1 = white; (9) coloration of peritoneum covering urinary blad- der, 0 = clear, 1 = white; (10) red heart visible in ventral view, 0 = heart not visible, 1 = red heart visible; (11) coloration of parietal peritoneum, 0 = white, 1 = clear. Character 12 (venter-to-venter fight behaviour) was hypothesized to be a synapomorphy shared by Centrolene and Cochranella (Bolívar et al., 1999); however, the distribution of this behaviour has been reported in only nine species (Guayasamin & Barrio-Amorós, 2005) and we did not include in B. Numbers next to tick marks represent bootstrap support values. Grey boxes denote characters that appear more than once in the tree. *T-shaped terminal phalanges are also present in Allophryne ruthveni.

Figure 21. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 21. A, holotype of Guancha pellucida sp. nov. Scale bar = 1 cm. B, habitus of a young specimen without a peduncle. os = osculum. Scale bar = 1 mm. C, triactine from the cormus. Scale bar = 100 µm. D, parasagittal triactine from the peduncle. Scale bar = 100 µm.

Figure 19. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 19. A, habitus of a fixed specimen of Guancha lacunosa. Scale bar = 1 mm. B, regular to parasagittal triactines from the cormus (tc) and parasagittal triactines from the peduncle (tp). Scale bar = 100 µm. C, large diactines with an angle in the middle region (ld) and small distorted diactines (sd), all from the peduncle. Scale bar = 100 µm.

Figure 15. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 15. A, Guancha blanca at 10 m depth. os = osculum. Scale bar = 1 cm. B, habitus of a fixed specimen. Scale bar = 1 cm. C, section through an ascon tube with mature oocytes (oc). Scale bar = 100 µm. D, slightly parasagittal triactine from the cormus. Scale bar = 100 µm. E, parasagittal triactines from the peduncle. Scale bar = 100 µm.

Figure 13. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 13. A, fixed specimens of Guancha arnesenae sp. nov. H = holotype. Scale bar = 1 cm. B, parasagittal triactines from the cormus (tc) and from the peduncle (tp). Scale bar = 100 µm.

Figure 11. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 11. A, large specimen of Clathrina septentrionalis at 3 m depth. Note the large oscular tubes (os). Scale bar = 1 cm. B, holotype of Clathrina septentrionalis. os = osculum. Scale bar = 1 cm. C, spicules of C. septentrionalis. tr = regular triactines and te = regular tetractines. Scale bar = 100 µm. D, apical actine of a tetractine (ap). Scale bar = 100 µm.

Figure 3. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 3. A, Clathrina coriacea at 10 m depth. Scale bar = 5 cm. Note the many chimney-like oscula (arrow). B, habitus of a smaller fixed specimen. os = osculum. Scale bar = 1 cm. C, regular triactines from C. coriacea. Scale bar = 100 µm.

Figure 9. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 9. A, Clathrina nanseni at 5 m depth. Scale bar = 1 cm. B, habitus of a fixed specimen. Scale bar = 1 cm. C, spicules of C. nanseni. tr = regular triactine. te = regular tetractine. Scale bar = 100 µm. D, tetractine with rudimentary and rounded apical actine. Scale bar = 100 µm. E, sharply pointed apical actine of a normal tetractine (ap). Scale bar = 100 µm. F, section of ascon tubes with the apical actines (ap) projecting into the interior of the tube. Scale bar = 100 µm.

Figure 1. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 1. A, holotype of Clathrina corallicola sp. nov. Scale bar = 1 cm. B, spicules of C. corallicola. lte = large tetractines, ste = small tetractines and str = small triactines. Scale bar = 200 µm. C, SEM photo of spicules of C. corallicola. ap = apical actine of sagittal tetractine. Scale bar = 200 µm. D, distribution of spicules seen from the atrial side of the tube wall. Note that the apical actines of the tetractines are orientated towards the interior of the tube. Scale bar = 200 µm.

Figure 5. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 5. A, Clathrina cribrata at 5 m depth. Scale bar = 1 cm. B, holotype of Clathrina cribrata. Note the many erect oscular tubes (arrow). Scale bar = 1 cm. C, regular triactines. Scale bar = 100 µm. D, transverse section of the osculum, showing the sieve of cells (cribrum). Scale bar = 100 µm.

Fig. 4 in Cytogenetic characterization of Rhomboplites aurorubens and Ocyurus chrysurus, two monotypic genera of Lutjaninae from Cubagua Island, Venezuela, with a review of the cytogenetics of Lutjanidae (Teleostei: Perciformes)

Fig. 4. Metaphases of Rhomboplites aurorubens (a-b) and Ocyurus chrysurus (c-d) after FISH with 18S rDNA (left) and with 5S rDNA (right). Arrows indicate the NOR bearing chromosomes. Arrowheads indicate the 5S rDNA bearing chromosomes.

Fig. 5 in Cytogenetic characterization of Rhomboplites aurorubens and Ocyurus chrysurus, two monotypic genera of Lutjaninae from Cubagua Island, Venezuela, with a review of the cytogenetics of Lutjanidae (Teleostei: Perciformes)

Fig. 5. Idiograms reporting the major and minor ribosomal gene locations summarizing the three main karyomorphs (ac) identified in the species of Lutjanidae investigated so far. See text for details. Solid circles represent locations of 18S rDNA. Grey bars represent locations of 5S rDNA.

Fig. 3 in Cytogenetic characterization of Rhomboplites aurorubens and Ocyurus chrysurus, two monotypic genera of Lutjaninae from Cubagua Island, Venezuela, with a review of the cytogenetics of Lutjanidae (Teleostei: Perciformes)

Fig. 3. Metaphases of Rhomboplites aurorubens (a-b) and Ocyurus chrysurus (c-d) sequentially stained with Giemsa (left) and AgNO3 (right). Arrows indicate the NOR-bearing chromosomes.

Fig. 1 in Cytogenetic characterization of Rhomboplites aurorubens and Ocyurus chrysurus, two monotypic genera of Lutjaninae from Cubagua Island, Venezuela, with a review of the cytogenetics of Lutjanidae (Teleostei: Perciformes)

Fig. 1. Giemsa-stained karyotypes of Rhomboplites aurorubens (a) and Ocyurus chrysurus (b). Bar = 10 µm.

Fig. 2. C in Cytogenetic characterization of Rhomboplites aurorubens and Ocyurus chrysurus, two monotypic genera of Lutjaninae from Cubagua Island, Venezuela, with a review of the cytogenetics of Lutjanidae (Teleostei: Perciformes)

Fig. 2. C-banded metaphases of Rhomboplites aurorubens (a) and Ocyurus chrysurus (b). Arrows indicate chromosome pair 24. Asterisks indicate a large chromosome pair with conspicuous C-positive blocks.

Fig. 21 in Descriptive morphology and phylogenetic relationships among species of the Neotropical annual killifish genera Nematolebias and Simpsonichthys (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheiloidei: Rivulidae)

Fig. 21. Left shoulder girdle, left lateral view, of Simpsonichthys filamentosus, male, UFRJ 3990, (third postcleithrum and pectoral-fin rays not represented). CL = cleithrum; CO = coracoid; PR = proximal radials; PT = posttemporal; SC = supracleithrum; SP = scapula. Larger stippling indicates cartilage. Scale bar 1 mm.

Fig. 16 in Descriptive morphology and phylogenetic relationships among species of the Neotropical annual killifish genera Nematolebias and Simpsonichthys (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheiloidei: Rivulidae)

Fig. 16. Hyoid and branchial arches of Nematolebias papilliferus, male, UFRJ 4652. (a) left and median portion of hyoid arch and ventral part of branchial arches, dorsal view; (b) dorsal part of branchial arches, ventral view; (c) left hyoid bar, lateral view. ACH = anterior ceratohyal; B1-3 = basibranchials 1-3; BB = basibranchial cartilage; BC = basihyal cartilage; BH = basihyal; C1-5 = ceratobranchials 1-5; DHH = dorsal hypohyal; E1-4 = epibranchials 1-4; H1-3 = hypobranchials 1-3; IC = interarcual cartilage; IH = interhyal; P2-3 = pharyngobranchials 2-3; PCH = posterior ceratohyal; R1-6 = branchiostegal rays 1-6; T4 = tooth plate pharyngobranchial 4; VHH = ventral hypohyal. Larger stippling indicates cartilage. Scale bar 1 mm.

Fig. 13 in Descriptive morphology and phylogenetic relationships among species of the Neotropical annual killifish genera Nematolebias and Simpsonichthys (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheiloidei: Rivulidae)

Fig. 13. Anterodorsal portion of left jaw suspensorium. (a) Simpsonichthys filamentosus, male, UFRJ 3990, lateral view; (b) S. boitonei, male, UFRJ 4988, lateral view; (c) S. ocellatus, male, UFRJ 5098, lateral view; (d) S. perpendicularis, male, UFRJ 5145, medial view. MS = mesopterygoid; PL = palatine; QU = quadrate; SY = sympletic. Larger stippling indicates cartilage. Scale bar 1 mm.

Fig. 11 in Descriptive morphology and phylogenetic relationships among species of the Neotropical annual killifish genera Nematolebias and Simpsonichthys (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheiloidei: Rivulidae)

Fig. 11. Left upper jaw, dorsal view. (a) Nematolebias whitei, male, UFRJ 5283; (b) Simpsonichthys myersi, male, UFRJ 4759; (c) S. bokermanni, male, UFRJ 5863. Larger stippling indicates cartilage. MX = maxilla; PM = premaxilla; RC = rostral cartilage. Scale bar 1 mm.