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11,506 results for “Dynamics”
Soil nitrogen: Successional Dynamics on a Resampled Chronosequence
The purpose of this observational study is to describe the dynamics of ecosystem succession. The change in the number, type, and amount of plant and grazing animal species is monitored in more than 20 fields. These fields were previously cultivated, but then abandoned from agriculture at various times in the past. The fields were left undisturbed for plants to develop from seeds within the soil or brought into the fields by wind or animals. Permanent transects have been established in these abandoned fields for purposes of sampling in a consistent location from year to year. Permanent plots along these transects have been used to sample soil nutrients, (in particular, nitrogen) abundance of vegetation, species composition and herbivore populations. The sampling occurs approximately every 6 years. In the initial survey, 100 quadrats of size 1 by 0.5 m were sampled per field in 23 different fields. Abandoned fields included in E014 are 4, 5, 10, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28, 32, 35, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 47, 53, 70, 72, 76, 77. Fields 22(B), 29(A), and 69(C) were originally included in E014 but used for other purposes shortly after the start of the study. This experiment was established in 1983 and 1989 by principal investigators Johannes Knops and David Tilman. Past work at CDR and elsewhere has demonstrated an overriding influence of fire frequency in maintaining prairie openings and oak savanna at the prairie-forest border. Fire regimes harm some types of species while favoring others and drive light and nutrient dynamics, which in turn drive community functional attributes and diversity levels. Ultimately, fire frequency interacts with climate, N deposition, land use, and biotic invasion to determine the outcomes of tree-grass interactions and the dynamics of vegetation at ecotones such as the prairie-forest border in Minnesota. In 2006 each field was divided in half, and one half randomly chosen for periodic prescribed burning (a fire every other year). We anticipate that th
Plant species percent cover data: Successional Dynamics on a Resampled Chronosequence
The purpose of this observational study is to describe the dynamics of ecosystem succession. The change in the number, type, and amount of plant and grazing animal species is monitored in more than 20 fields. These fields were previously cultivated, but then abandoned from agriculture at various times in the past. The fields were left undisturbed for plants to develop from seeds within the soil or brought into the fields by wind or animals. Permanent transects have been established in these abandoned fields for purposes of sampling in a consistent location from year to year. Permanent plots along these transects have been used to sample soil nutrients, (in particular, nitrogen) abundance of vegetation, species composition and herbivore populations. The sampling occurs approximately every 6 years. In the initial survey, 100 quadrats of size 1 by 0.5 m were sampled per field in 23 different fields. Abandoned fields included in E014 are 4, 5, 10, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28, 32, 35, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 47, 53, 70, 72, 76, 77. Fields 22(B), 29(A), and 69(C) were originally included in E014 but used for other purposes shortly after the start of the study. This experiment was established in 1983 and 1989 by principal investigators Johannes Knops and David Tilman. Past work at CDR and elsewhere has demonstrated an overriding influence of fire frequency in maintaining prairie openings and oak savanna at the prairie-forest border. Fire regimes harm some types of species while favoring others and drive light and nutrient dynamics, which in turn drive community functional attributes and diversity levels. Ultimately, fire frequency interacts with climate, N deposition, land use, and biotic invasion to determine the outcomes of tree-grass interactions and the dynamics of vegetation at ecotones such as the prairie-forest border in Minnesota. In 2006 each field was divided in half, and one half randomly chosen for periodic prescribed burning (a fire every other year). We anticipate that th
Soil carbon: Successional Dynamics on a Resampled Chronosequence
The purpose of this observational study is to describe the dynamics of ecosystem succession. The change in the number, type, and amount of plant and grazing animal species is monitored in more than 20 fields. These fields were previously cultivated, but then abandoned from agriculture at various times in the past. The fields were left undisturbed for plants to develop from seeds within the soil or brought into the fields by wind or animals. Permanent transects have been established in these abandoned fields for purposes of sampling in a consistent location from year to year. Permanent plots along these transects have been used to sample soil nutrients, (in particular, nitrogen) abundance of vegetation, species composition and herbivore populations. The sampling occurs approximately every 6 years. In the initial survey, 100 quadrats of size 1 by 0.5 m were sampled per field in 23 different fields. Abandoned fields included in E014 are 4, 5, 10, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28, 32, 35, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 47, 53, 70, 72, 76, 77. Fields 22(B), 29(A), and 69(C) were originally included in E014 but used for other purposes shortly after the start of the study. This experiment was established in 1983 and 1989 by principal investigators Johannes Knops and David Tilman. Past work at CDR and elsewhere has demonstrated an overriding influence of fire frequency in maintaining prairie openings and oak savanna at the prairie-forest border. Fire regimes harm some types of species while favoring others and drive light and nutrient dynamics, which in turn drive community functional attributes and diversity levels. Ultimately, fire frequency interacts with climate, N deposition, land use, and biotic invasion to determine the outcomes of tree-grass interactions and the dynamics of vegetation at ecotones such as the prairie-forest border in Minnesota. In 2006 each field was divided in half, and one half randomly chosen for periodic prescribed burning (a fire every other year). We anticipate that th
Fine root dynamics along an elevational gradient in the southern Appalachian mountains in the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1993 to 1994
Annual rates of fine root mass appearance and disappearance were calculated from samples of fine roots taken in soil cores over time on the five gradient plots.
Fine root dynamics along an elevational gradient in the southern Appalachian mountains in the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1994 to 1995 (lengths of fine root segments)
The lengths of fine root segments visible in photographs of roots growing against the windows of minirhizotron boxes were measured.
Stand Dynamics and Radial Growth Measurements from Old-Growth and Secondary-Growth Forests at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory and Joyce Kilmer Wilderness Area
Our objectives were to define disturbance causes, rates (percent disturbance per decade), magnitudes and frequency (time since last disturbance) for both secondary and old-growth mixed-oak stands, and to determine if all mixed oak stands experience similar disturbance history.
Riparian zone seedling establishment, growth, dynamics, and the influence of Rhododendron maximum soil moisture: forest floor data at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1997 to 2000
The effect of Rhododendron maximum, a dominate species in the riparian zones of the Southern Appalachians, on carbon, water, and nutrients en route to the streams is an ongoing study in the LTER research program at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory. To study seedling establishment, growth, and dynamics in riparian zones one m2 quadrats have been established. There are four sites which include one treatment site, where the rhododendron has been removed from the riparian zone, one hurricane site, where there is extensive disturbance from Hurricane Opal, and two control sites, one upslope from the treatment site and one upstream from the hurricane site. Each of these fours sites have ten randomly located natural regeneration one m2 quadrats as well as four randomly located replicates of three adjacent one m2 quadrats. In each of the three adjacent quadrats, the litter was removed from the lower half to determine the effect of litter on the germination and growth of seedlings. Two of the adjacent quadrats have been broadcast seeded with Acer rubrum, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Quercus rubra. In one of the two quadrats that have been broadcast seeded, a predator exclusion mesh screen, 1m x 1/2m with " openings, has been installed in the quadrat to determine the effect of small mammal predation on regeneration. Quadrats were installed on 24 April 1997 and an initial vegetation survey was conducted in May 1997. All seedlings were permanently tagged at this time and quadrat physical characteristics such as slope, aspect, and distance from stream were recorded. Broadcast seeding was done on 21 May 1997. Each year censuses will be conducted in spring and fall on each quadrat and seedling species, density, age, and annual height growth will be recorded. This project will help to document the effect of Rhododendron maximum on regeneration in the riparian areas as well as the effect of hurricane disturbance on regeneration.
Appalachian stream length dynamics: shapefiles
Wet stream length and connectivity maps for 3 forested catchments (<75 ha) in each of 4 physiographic provinces of the Appalachian Highlands: the New England, Appalachian Plateau, Valley and Ridge, and Blue Ridge. Maps were developed for 12 headwater catchments under 7 different wetness conditions as represented by stream discharge and characterizing conditions between exceedance probabilities of <5% and >90% of the mean daily discharge. The dataset represents a map (shapefile) of the "wet" stream network on 7 different occasions for the 12 catchments. A “wet stream” location applies to visible surface water greater than 1 m in length at a GPS location. These data are described in detail and analyzed in: Jensen, C. K., McGuire, K. J., & Prince, P. S. (2017). Headwater stream length dynamics across four physiographic provinces of the Appalachian Highlands. Hydrological Processes, 31(19), 3350-3363.
WAT04 Root decomposition and nutrient dynamics are resistant to rainfall legacies in tallgrass prairie
Purpose: Litter decomposition is an important component of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling, and rates of mass loss and nutrient release are sensitive to current climate conditions. Growing evidence suggests that past climate conditions can exert legacies on soil C and N cycling, but little is known about how belowground decomposition dynamics relate to these climate legacies. Results: Root litter mass loss was resistant to most climate treatments. Contrary to expectations, decomposition rates were slowest in plots with a history of long-term irrigation and fastest under drought in lowland prairie. Similarly, mass loss rates were overall faster in the drier uplands. Changes in N concentration as a function of mass loss were similar across treatments and patterns of litter N release largely tracked mass loss. Conclusions: Changes in the decomposer community with long-term release from water stress may have led to slowed root decomposition, but these effects were subtle. Our results suggest that changes in decomposition rates are not a cause of observed climate legacy effects on C and N cycling in prairies.
Species names and codes of the Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot (LFDP), Puerto Rico
File LFDP_spp contains the current species list with family for the Luquillo Forest Dynamics plot and the codes for these species found in LFDP1 and LFDD1a As new species are encountered or renamed and species renamed then this list will be updated Species identifications are assisted by reference to Liogier (1985, 1988, 1994, 1995, 1997), Little and Wadsworth (1964) Little, et al (1974), Little and Woodbury (1976). \<para\> Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.\</para\>
Dendrometers during drought 2013-2016 in the Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot
96 trees of 25 species were fit with dendrometer bands in November 2012 and measured for 4 years, on average every 28 days. Initially sampling intensity was once every three months then increase to bi-weekly. The trees were located in the LFDP in 5 modified Gentry transects placed throughout (one in each corner and one in the center); tree tags are LFDP numbers corresponding with LFDP tree census data. Measurements ended in November 2016. Fine temporal-scale monitoring of tree growth using dendrometer bands in the LFDP ) (2013-2016) Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Measurements of height, diameter at breast height and basal diameter for Prestoea acuminata at the Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot (LFDP), Puerto Rico in January 2020.
Data were collected in January 2020 in Puerto Rico, within and outside the boundaries of LFDP. For each of these palms, we measured stem height from the ground to the base of the crown (Hbc; height of the youngest internode), diameter at 130 cm above ground (D130), and basal diameter (DB; just above the top of the roots). These are the data which accompany the publication: Height-diameter allometry for a dominant palm to improve understanding of carbon and forest dynamics in forests of Puerto Rico.
Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot (LFDP) KML shapefile and coordinates
The LFDP shapefile (.kml) and coordinates Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Community Dynamics: Abundance and Species Richness of Fishes Associated with the Coral Porites rus 2000 thru 2011
These data describe the species richness and abundance as part of MCR LTER's reef fish monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. This study began in 2000 in the lagoons off of the north shore of the island of Moorea, French Polynesia and the dataset is updated annually. The abundance and life history stage (adults, juveniles or recruits) of all taxa of fishes associated with selected colonies (5-16 colonies per site) of the mound forming coral Porites rus are recorded at seven reef sites located along the north shore of Moorea. These sites are characterized by differences in water depth, distance to the fore reef and the number and types of neighboring corals. Counts are performed by a pair of divers using SCUBA and include semi-cryptic species. The collection of these data was suspended following the last survey conducted in July 2011 due to the extremely low abundance of live P. rus at these locations.
MCR LTER: Genetics: Settlement dynamics in the three-spot damselfish, Dascyllus trimaculatus
These data describe the genetics of recruiting Dascyllus trimaculatus. We first placed two rows of 8 anemones in a region (the west side of the bay of Opunohu) previously devoid of anemones. Anemones are 10 meters apart, the two rows are 100 meters apart. The row close to the reef crest is called crest , or OUT, row, the row away from the crest and close to the boat channel is called channel, or IN, row. The project started with the placement of the anemones in the fall of 2000. Since then, we regularly clear the anemones of Dascyllus and then collect newly settled fishes every morning. These fishes are later typed by sequencing the mitochondrial control region. Fishes are labeled as follows: DTR IN 01010205. This is a Dascyllus Trimaculatus collected on the channel row, first anemone, on January 2nd 2005. Anemones are numbered 1 to 8, from west to east. These data are published in Bernardi, G., R. Beldade, S.J. Holbrook and R.J. Schmitt. 2012. Full-sibs in cohorts of newly settled coral reef fishes. PloS One 7(9):e44953.
MCR LTER: Genetics: Settlement dynamics in the clownfish, Amphiprion chrysopterus
These data describe the genetics of recruiting Amphiprion chrysopterus. Our goal is to score every single clownfish from the island of Moorea (we believe that the total population in Moorea is of approximately 300-500 individuals). Individuals are characterized using microsatellites, thus the data are presented as a matrix of alleles corresponding to a set of microsatellite loci. Ultimately, we want to determine the level of self-recruitment in Moorea by estimating the number of offspring which recruit on Moorea and that are derived from Moorea parents. These data are published in DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2011.2433 Beldade, R., S.J. Holbrook, R.J. Schmitt, S. Planes, D. Malone and G. Bernardi. In Press. Larger female fish contribute disproportionately more to self-replenishment. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Population Dynamics: Mean Daily Recruitment of Three-spot Dascyllus to Gump Reef, 1992 to 2012
These data describe the abundance of settler-stage three-spot dascyllus (Dascyllus trimaculatus), a planktivorous damselfish to their juvenile microhabitat, the sea anemone Heteractis magnifica. Surveys were begun in 1993, and, except for 1994, have been conducted daily each year between June and September on a reef adjacent to the UC Berkeley Gump Research Station in Cooks Bay on the north shore of the island of Moorea in French Polynesia. This time series completed in 2012.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Benthic Community Dynamics: Island Scale Coral Cover Analysis
These data describe the results of outer reef surveys that are conducted on an irregular schedule to quantify coral reef community dynamics on a scale of kilometers. The first island-wide survey was completed in 2006, and the second in 2010; we anticipate conducting such surveys every 5-6 years or as needed to capture the large-scale effects of disturbance regimes. The island-wide sampling adds 3 new sites per shore (for a total of 5 sites/shore with the fixed LTER sites) in each year that the larger scale analyses are completed.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: River chemistry dynamics in 2018 and 2019; data for Neumann et al., 2025 Scientific Reports
Rivers are the dominant avenue by which terrestrial efflux is transported to marine systems. Human activities on land, such as agriculture and infrastructure development, may impact coral reefs by disrupting historic biogeochemical processes of nearshore reef habitats. To identify how land use impacts rivers, and therefore nearshore lagoons, water chemistry was measured at a series of rivers around the island of Moorea, French Polynesia, in 2018 and 2019. Nitrate, Nitrite, Silicate, Phosphate, and Total Suspended Solids were evaluated at least weekly during sampling campaigns in rainy and dry seasons of both years. TSS was elevated following recent precipitation and negatively associated with watershed size. Phosphate was associated with Total Suspended Solids, presumably because of the phosphate-rich soils on Moorea. Dissolved Inorganic Nitrate was higher during the rainy season in watersheds with a high degree of land clearing. These results reinforce the importance of terrestrial factors for biogeochemistry of nearshore marine systems.
Abundance and parasitoid infection dynamics of Guinardia delicatula on the Northeast U.S. Shelf from 2006 to 2022 determined by Imaging FlowCytobot.
These data include abundances of the diatom, Guinardia delicatula (= Rhizosolenia delicatula), on the Northeast U.S. Shelf from 2006 to 2022 as part of Long-Term Ecological Research (NES-LTER). Abundances are determined from Imaging FlowCytobot (IFCB) deployed in-situ at ~4m depth at the nearshore Martha’s Vineyard Coastal Observatory (MVCO) from 2006 to 2022 and in underway mode (sampling near-surface seawater) on 24 NOAA EcoMon survey cruises from 2013 to 2022. Abundances based on both human and machine learning image classification are provided. Total G. delicatula abundances are divided into two categories based on whether G. delicatula exhibited current or recent infection by the protistan parasitoid, Cryothecomonas aestivalis. Four data tables are provided with abundance values separated by sampling scheme (time series or survey cruise) and image classification approach (human or machine learning).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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