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Effects of permafrost thaw on nitrogen availability and plant-soil interactions in a boreal Alaskan lowland: III - Root Abundance 2013
This dataset examines shifts in rooting along a lowland boreal permafrost thaw chronosequence. Data was collected in 2013 at the APEX Beta and forested study plots, located adjacent to the BNZ experimental forest.
Effects of permafrost thaw on nitrogen availability and plant-soil interactions in a boreal Alaskan lowland: IV - Plant vs Nitrogen Data 2013
This dataset examines shifts in soil and plant characteristics, and extractable soil pore water chemistry along a lowland boreal permafrost thaw chronosequence. Data was collected in 2013 at the APEX Beta and forested study plots, located adjacent to the BNZ experimental forest. Data includes mean DIN, DON, free amino acids, and TDN from seasonal pore water measurements as well as aboveground vegetation C and N concentrations, and summertime, litterfall % N, and resorption efficiency for C. calyculata.
Effects of permafrost thaw on nitrogen availability and plant-soil interactions in a boreal Alaskan lowland: V - Isotape Data 2013
This dataset examines shifts in foliar del N 15 concentations for three plant species found across a lowland boreal permafrost thaw chronosequence. Data was collected in 2013 at the APEX Beta and forested study plots, located adjacent to the BNZ experimental forest.
Effects of permafrost thaw on nitrogen availability and plant-soil interactions in a boreal Alaskan lowland: VI - Soil Nitrogen Pools
This dataset examines shifts in soil N and extractable soil pore water chemistry along a lowland boreal permafrost thaw chronosequence. Data was collected in 2013 at the APEX Beta and forested study plots, located adjacent to the BNZ experimental forest. Measured parameters include: dissolved inorganic N, dissolved organic N, free amino acids, total dissolved N, C:N of soil material, soil bulk density, soil N concentration, soil C concentrations, volumetric soil moisture. Soil pore water samples were collected every three to four weeks from late June to late September, 2013 for a total of five sampling events, while soil cores were collected in late July 2013 for physical characterstics and soil C and N concentrations.
Effects of nutrients and organic carbon on the relative proportion of primary producers (microalgae) and heterotrophic decomposers (bacteria and fungi) during aquatic biofilm development in boreal peatland located near Fairbanks Alaska - 2018
1. Producer-decomposer interactions within aquatic biofilms can range from mutualistic associations to competition depending on available resources. The outcomes of such interactions have implications for biogeochemical cycling, and as such, may be especially important in northern peatlands, which are a global carbon sink and are expected to experience changes in resource availability with climate change. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of nutrients and organic carbon on the relative proportion of primary producers (microalgae) and heterotrophic decomposers (bacteria and fungi) during aquatic biofilm development in a boreal peatland. Given that decomposers are often better competitors for nutrients than primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, we predicted that labile carbon subsidies would shift the biofilm composition towards heterotrophy owing to the ability of decomposers to outcompete primary producers for available nutrients in the absence of carbon limitation. 2. We manipulated nutrients (nitrate and phosphate) and organic carbon (glucose) in a full factorial design using nutrient-diffusing substrates in an Alaskan fen. 3. Heterotrophic bacteria were limited by organic carbon and algae were limited by inorganic nutrients. However, the outcomes of competitive interactions depended on background nutrient levels. Heterotrophic bacteria were able to outcompete algae for available nutrients when organic carbon was elevated and nutrient levels remained low, but not when organic carbon and nutrients were both elevated through enrichment. 4. Fungal biomass was significantly lower in the presence of glucose alone, possibly owing to antagonistic interactions with heterotrophic bacteria. In contrast to bacteria, fungi were stimulated along with algae following nutrient enrichment. 5. The decoupling of algae and heterotrophic bacteria in the presence of glucose alone shifted the biofilm trophic status towards heterotrophy. This effect was overturned
Nitrogen cycling in accidental urban wetlands in the Salt River (central Arizona, USA): the effects of season, inundation and plants on denitrification (2013-2014)
This project sought to understand the spatial and temporal patterns and drivers of denitrification in nine accidental wetlands in the Salt River in Phoenix, AZ. Accidental urban wetlands are the result from human activities but are not designed nor managed for any specific purpose; thus, they are useful for examining the effects of both human and non-human drivers of ecosystem processes. For this study, we examined how seasonal monsoon and winter floods affected denitrification in different plant patch types at wetlands with different inundation regimes. Inundation regimes of the study wetlands are driven by storm drains that supply urban baseflow to the wetlands; however, the timing and frequency of discharges differ among storm drains resulting in different durations of inundation. Some storm drains provide enough baseflow that wetlands remain inundated year-round (perennially inundated) while others provide very little baseflow, so inundation is largely in response to rain events (ephemerally inundated). Intermittently inundated wetlands receive enough baseflow to remain inundated for part of the year. At each study wetland, we identified 2-4 dominant plant patch types, including one unvegetated patch. We took 2-4 soil samples from each patch type at each site in each season (pre-monsoon, post-monsoon and winter rainy seasons). We measured denitrification potential, soil organic matter, soil moisture, soil nitrate, soil texture, and water depth. In addition to soil characteristics, we also collected data on plant traits for each patch type. Plant functional traits provide one method to examine mechanistic links between plants and ecosystem processes. Measured plant traits were above- and belowground biomass, above- and belowground C:N ratios, and rooting depth.
Root biomass data: Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem Processes
Biodiversity II (E120) is designed to determine how the number of plant species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year, that result can be examined. Plots are large (9m x 9m actively maintained) and well-replicated, allowing responses of plant pathogens, insect herbivores, seed predators, soil parameters, invasive plant species and other variables to also be studied. Plots were seeded in May 1994 to have 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 species, with roughly 30 replicates of each diversity level. The species composition of each plot was chosen by random draw from a pool of 18 grassland perennials that included four warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, four non-legume forbs, and two woody species. All species occur in monoculture allowing comparison of responses of each species in monoculture to combinations of these same species. The experiment was established in 1994 by the lead investigators David Tilman, Peter Reich, Johannes Knops, and David Wedin. Experiment 120 is similar to Experiment 123, but it uses larger plots to provide a large capacity for long-term subexperiments.
Plant aboveground biomass data: Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem Processes
Biodiversity II (E120) is designed to determine how the number of plant species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year, that result can be examined. Plots are large (9m x 9m actively maintained) and well-replicated, allowing responses of plant pathogens, insect herbivores, seed predators, soil parameters, invasive plant species and other variables to also be studied. Plots were seeded in May 1994 to have 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 species, with roughly 30 replicates of each diversity level. The species composition of each plot was chosen by random draw from a pool of 18 grassland perennials that included four warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, four non-legume forbs, and two woody species. All species occur in monoculture allowing comparison of responses of each species in monoculture to combinations of these same species. The experiment was established in 1994 by the lead investigators David Tilman, Peter Reich, Johannes Knops, and David Wedin. Experiment 120 is similar to Experiment 123, but it uses larger plots to provide a large capacity for long-term subexperiments.
Soils Bulk Density: Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem
Biodiversity II (E120) is designed to determine how the number of plant species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year, that result can be examined. Plots are large (9m x 9m actively maintained) and well-replicated, allowing responses of plant pathogens, insect herbivores, seed predators, soil parameters, invasive plant species and other variables to also be studied. Plots were seeded in May 1994 to have 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 species, with roughly 30 replicates of each diversity level. The species composition of each plot was chosen by random draw from a pool of 18 grassland perennials that included four warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, four non-legume forbs, and two woody species. All species occur in monoculture allowing comparison of responses of each species in monoculture to combinations of these same species. The experiment was established in 1994 by the lead investigators David Tilman, Peter Reich, Johannes Knops, and David Wedin. Experiment 120 is similar to Experiment 123, but it uses larger plots to provide a large capacity for long-term subexperiments.
Soils Organic Matter: Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem
Biodiversity II (E120) is designed to determine how the number of plant species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year, that result can be examined. Plots are large (9m x 9m actively maintained) and well-replicated, allowing responses of plant pathogens, insect herbivores, seed predators, soil parameters, invasive plant species and other variables to also be studied. Plots were seeded in May 1994 to have 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 species, with roughly 30 replicates of each diversity level. The species composition of each plot was chosen by random draw from a pool of 18 grassland perennials that included four warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, four non-legume forbs, and two woody species. All species occur in monoculture allowing comparison of responses of each species in monoculture to combinations of these same species. The experiment was established in 1994 by the lead investigators David Tilman, Peter Reich, Johannes Knops, and David Wedin. Experiment 120 is similar to Experiment 123, but it uses larger plots to provide a large capacity for long-term subexperiments.
Soils pH: Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem
Biodiversity II (E120) is designed to determine how the number of plant species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year, that result can be examined. Plots are large (9m x 9m actively maintained) and well-replicated, allowing responses of plant pathogens, insect herbivores, seed predators, soil parameters, invasive plant species and other variables to also be studied. Plots were seeded in May 1994 to have 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 species, with roughly 30 replicates of each diversity level. The species composition of each plot was chosen by random draw from a pool of 18 grassland perennials that included four warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, four non-legume forbs, and two woody species. All species occur in monoculture allowing comparison of responses of each species in monoculture to combinations of these same species. The experiment was established in 1994 by the lead investigators David Tilman, Peter Reich, Johannes Knops, and David Wedin. Experiment 120 is similar to Experiment 123, but it uses larger plots to provide a large capacity for long-term subexperiments.
Cover of ground lichens, bryophytes, and cyanobacteria: Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem Processes
Biodiversity II (E120) is designed to determine how the number of plant species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year, that result can be examined. Plots are large (9m x 9m actively maintained) and well-replicated, allowing responses of plant pathogens, insect herbivores, seed predators, soil parameters, invasive plant species and other variables to also be studied. Plots were seeded in May 1994 to have 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 species, with roughly 30 replicates of each diversity level. The species composition of each plot was chosen by random draw from a pool of 18 grassland perennials that included four warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, four non-legume forbs, and two woody species. All species occur in monoculture allowing comparison of responses of each species in monoculture to combinations of these same species. The experiment was established in 1994 by the lead investigators David Tilman, Peter Reich, Johannes Knops, and David Wedin. Experiment 120 is similar to Experiment 123, but it uses larger plots to provide a large capacity for long-term subexperiments.
Ectomycorrhizal fungal effects on soil carbon storage, root litter decomposition, and fungal necromass decomposition
This project investigates the impacts of ectomycorrhizal-saprotrophic fungal interactions on soil C storage and the decomposition of root litter and fungal necromass. Specifically, we conducted a field experiment wherein the ectomycorrhizal:saprotrophic fungal ratio was reduced via experimental trenching (with control plots left untrenched). From these plots we then measured bulk soil C stocks, particulate organic matter C stocks, mineral associated organic matter C stocks, and the decomposition of root litter and fungal necromass. The Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve (CCESR) experiment name is e309 "The effects of mycelial morphology and mycorrhizal type on fungal necromass decomposition."
Effects of Hurricane Opal on foliar chemistry and insect herbivores at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 1997: foliar chemistry data
Hurricane damage results in tree mortality and variation in both light and nutrient availability for the individuals that remain. In turn, resource availability influences the interactions between plants and insect herbivores. We report effects of Hurricane Opal on the phenolic chemistry and levels of defoliation on surviving trees at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in North Carolina. We measured foliar astringency, hydrolysable tannins, and condensed tannins in the foliage of red maple and red oak saplings in hurricane damaged and undamaged sites. We estimated inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus availability in the soil, and the accumulated leaf area removed by insect herbivores. The foliar astringency of both red maple and red oak was higher in sites damaged by the hurricane. Later in the growing season, condensed tannin levels were significantly higher in the foliage of red oak in damaged sites. There were no consistent differences in ammonium, nitrate, or phosphate availability between damaged and undamaged sites. Despite higher foliar astringency of trees in sites damaged by Hurricane Opal, levels of defoliation by insect herbivores were higher in damaged than in control sites on both tree species. Apparent increases in putative defensive compounds following hurricane damage did not protect trees from herbivory.
Nutrient effects on a detritus-based stream ecosystem at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1998 to 2003
To determine the effects of nutrient enrichment in a detritus-based stream, we have continuously enriched a headwater stream with N and P for 4.5 years and quantified the response at different scales of stream structure and function: microbial, metazoan, and ecosystem. The effects of enrichment in the treatment stream (Watershed 54, WS54) were compared to conditions in the reference stream (Watershed 53, WS53) and one year of comprehensive baseline sampling was conducted in both streams prior to enrichment. Our first objective was to assess the effects of nutrient enrichment on growth and production of organisms. Our second objective was to determine the effects of nutrients on the fate of carbon resources, which were altered via increased microbial metabolism and invertebrate consumption.
The effects of agricultural land-use history on non-native plant invasion in Bent Creek Experimental Forest in 2006
The researchers considered the effects of agricultural land-use legacies on the distribution of non-native invasive plants a century after abandonment in a watershed in western North Carolina, USA. The study was conducted at the Bent Creek Experimental Forest (BCEF) 15 km southwest of Asheville, North Carolina, USA, in the Pisgah National Forest. Forest sites that were previously in cultivation and abandoned ca. 1905 were compared with nearby reference sites that were never cultivated. The most common invasive plants were Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb., Microstegium vimineum Trin., and Lonicera japonica Thunb. (Kuhman, Pearson, and Turner 2011). Disentangling the cause–effect relationships between land-use history, the biotic community, and the abiotic template presents a challenge, but understanding the role of land-use legacies may provide important insights regarding the mechanisms underlying the establishment and spread of invasive plants in forest ecosystems (Kuhman, Pearson, and Turner 2011). A total of 86 plots were established at Bent Creek Experimental Forest during the summer of 2006. Specifically, the study was conducted between June and August 2006. Half of these were established in historic agricultural plots and half in reference plots that were not formerly used for agriculture (pasture or rowcrops) based on the 1941 Forest Service Report by William Nesbitt and the appended land-use history map (History of early settlement and land use on the Bent Creek Experimental Forest Buncombe County, NC. 1941). Historic agriculture and reference plots were paired based on similarities in topography and bedrock geology (typically in relatively close proximity to one another). Within sites, two plots were established, one adjacent to the road and one 50 m away from the road (labeled as "A" and "B", respectively, in the "Plot #").
Throw trap and electrofishing data collected during 1996–2022 from the Everglades, Florida, United States for the publication "Contrasting invasion histories and effects of three non-native fishes observed with long-term monitoring data"
This dataset was used to analyze the effects of three non-native fishes in the Florida Everglades for a publication in the journal Biological Invasions. The dataset incorporates plot-level mean densities (# of individuals per square meter) of common aquatic animals collected during 1996–2022 from 17 sites across three regions of the Everglades: Taylor Slough, Shark River Slough, and Water Conservation Area 3A. Prey species included are nine common small fishes and three common decapod species (two crayfish species and grass shrimp). The dataset includes throw trap data on three predator taxa: African Jewelfish (Hemichromis letourneuxi), Mayan Cichlids (Mayaheros uruphthalmus), and sunfishes (Lepomis spp.). Annual indices of mean wet season electrofishing catch-per-unit-effort of Asian Swamp Eels (Monopterus albus/javanesis), Mayan Cichlids, sunfishes, and the three other large 'top predator' fishes (Amia calva, Lepisosteus platyrhincus, Micropterus salmoides) are included for plots where electrofishing was performed from 1997-2021. Hydrologic measures used in analyses and R code used to conduct analyses are also included.
Microarthropod and nematode effects on soil nitrogen availability in fluffgrass mesocosms at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1986-1987
This data package contains soil nitrogen measurements taken over a 12-week interval in soils treated to exclude microarthropods and nematodes. The purpose of this study was to test if changing densities of soil microarthropods and nematodes results in changes in soil nitrogen availability. In 1986 and 1987, 110 fluff grass (Dasyochloa pulchella) plants were collected from the Jornada Basin College Ranch and transplanted into pots, which contained 5 replicates of each treatment. The 4 treatments include 1) control, 2) NEMACUR (to exclude nematodes), 3) chlordane (to exclude mites) and 4) NEMACUR + Chlordane. Each was sampled 5 times during a 12-week interval after the initial treatment. Pots were watered weekly to maintain conditions at field capacity. Samples were taken from the rhizosphere and analyzed for NO3(-)- N, NH4(+)-N, Inorganic-N, microbial-N, % H20, % organic matter, root biomass, and nematode density. This study was completed in 1987.
Effects of microarthropod exclusion and water amendments on fluffgrass rhizosphere nitrogen mineralization potential at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1987
This data package contains data on soil nitrogen mineralization potential in the rhizosphere of fluffgrass (Dasyochloa pulchella) plants from 1987. This study was conducted at the Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center to test how watering, and changing densities of soil microarthropods and nematodes, impacts fluffgrass growth and nutrient cycling. Twenty 6 x 6 m plots were established with a 3 m buffer between plots. Five plots were randomly assigned to one of four treatments:1) Chlordane (to exclude microarthropods), 2) Chlordane and water, 3) Water, and 4) Control. Three randomly located subsamples were taken from each plot and consisted of the fluff grass plant, a 10 cm in diameter and 15 cm deep soil core centered on each plant. Samples were incubated for 0, 2, 4, or 8 weeks. This data set contains information on the incubation time, soil nitrate (NO3-), soil ammonium (NH4+), and soil water content for each subsample. This data were collected in May 1987 and the study is complete.
Effects of microarthropod exclusion and water amendments on fluffgrass tissue nitrogen at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1986
This data package contains fluff grass (Dasyochloa pulchella) tissue nitrogen data from plants collected at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, USA, in 1987. The purpose of this study was to test how watering, and changing densities of soil microarthropods and nematodes, results in changes in fluff grass growth and nitrogen acquisition. Twenty 6 x 6 m plots were established with a 3 m buffer between plots. Five plots were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: 1) Chlordane to exclude microarthropods, 2) Chlordane and water, 3) Water, and 4) Control. For four consecutive months, randomly selected fluff grass plants were collected from each plot and the flowers, green leaves, and grey leaves were separated for total nitrogen digestion analysis and dry weight measurement. This data set consists of sampling date, treatment, plant matter, total nitrogen (mg/g) and dry weight (g). Data was collected in 1987 and the study is complete.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.