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Outplanted seedling survival, height and biomass at Finger Mountain and the Anaktuvuk River Fire.
This dataset contains seedling survivorship, height, foliar and stem biomass for Picea mariana, Picea glauca, Alnus viridis, and Betula neo-alaskana seedlings inoculated with root-associated fungal communities and outplanted at Finger Mountain and the Anaktuvuk River Fire burn scars.
Fungal colonization of fine roots and foliar %N, %C, d15N, d13C, and gas exchange of seedlings outplanted at Finger Mountain and the Anaktuvuk River Fire.
This dataset contains proportion of fine root length colonized by root-associated fungi, foliar %N, %C, d15N, d13C, and maximum photosynthesis, respiration, LAI, and CUE for Picea mariana, Picea glauca, Alnus viridis, and Betula neo-alaskana seedlings inoculated with root-associated fungal communities and outplanted at Finger Mountain and the Anaktuvuk River Fire burn scars.
Organic layer thickness: Wickersham fire sites (1971 - 2004)
In June of 1971, the Wickersham fire burned 6313 ha in an open black spruce forest underlain with permafrost and provided an opportunity to study fire and fireline effects on the rate and patterns of permafrost, soil, and vegetation recovery. When wildfire burns through a northern black spruce forest the degree of soil organic layer consumption greatly influences the post-fire community characteristics. The construction of firelines with heavy machinery involves the complete removal of vegetation and the soil organic layer down to mineral soil and likewise affects the community characteristics after fire and fire suppression. Reduction in organic layer thickness and the subsequent loss of thermal insulation has been shown to cause increased soil temperatures and increased depth of thaw of the active layer. This long-term study is a comparison between the organic layer thickness on firelines, burned and unburned open black spruce forests underlain by ice rich permafrost.
Reserve West Seedling Establishment and Growth after Fire 1988 - 2009
In 1983 an 8,600 acre human-caused wildfire, the Rosie Creek Fire, burned through about 1/3 of the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest unit of the Bonanza Creek LTER in central Alaska. The stand that burned was a productive white spruce dominated stand about 200 years old. This study of tree regeneration was initiated in 1989 in a 100m by 100m reference hectare at the perimeter of the Rosie Creek Burn, located between 100m and 200m from the surviving stand edge. The Reserve West reference hectare was reserved from salvage logging and artificial reforestation. All regenerating white spruce trees in the hectare have been mapped and seedling survival and height elongation have been measured annually since 1989 (1988 and 1987 tree heights were back calculated from internodes). Seedlings are tracked by a subdivision of the hectare into 100 cells of 10m by 10m. The total number of trees that have been tracked in the database is 2,527. This is one of the largest and longest complete data series examining forest regeneration in the boreal region.
Tree regeneration after fire: Delta 1994 burn surveys, data to develop allometric equations re. seedling height or diameter to dry biomass
Data for this study were collected in 2001 and 2002 by Jill Johnstone (University of Alaska Fairbanks) and Eric Kasischke (University of Maryland). Sites were located within the perimeter of the 1994 burn southeast of Delta Junction Alaska, USA, bordering the Alaska Highway to the North and the Gerstle River to the West. Sites were selected from satellite classifications prepared by Eric Kasischke to represent different levels of burn severity and post-fire vegetation canopy greenness (NDVI). Site selection was constrained by road access, and only areas where all trees had been killed by the fire were selected. At each site, a central point was located in an area of visually homogeneous vegetation. Five parallel transects, each 50 m long, were laid out as follows: 1) the first transect started at the central point and followed a randomly-selected compass direction, 2) two additional transects were established parallel to the first, but at a random distance from the central transect up to 25 m distant. Vegetation was sampled in a 2-m wide belt centered on each transect, and soil samples were made at intervals along the transect line. Vegetation measurements included: a) basal diameters of all pre-fire trees greater than 1.3 m in height, b) counts of all post-fire tree seedlings, and c) basal diameters of tree seedlings and willows, measured in a randomly chosen 5x2 m portion of each transect. General notes were made on visual percent cover of different vegetation growth forms at the site. Destructive measurements of tree seedlings and willows made in 2001 were used to develop allometric equations to predict dry biomass from basal diameter. Measurements of soil organic layer depth were made at 5 m intervals with the use of a spade to excavate small chunks of sod. At one randomly-selected sample point per transect, a 10x10 cm sample of the organic layer was collected for bulk density measurements. Bulk density samples were dried in a 60degC oven for 48 hours and then w
Tree regeneration after fire: Delta 1994 burn surveys, thickness of different soil layers
Data for this study were collected in 2001 and 2002 by Jill Johnstone (University of Alaska Fairbanks) and Eric Kasischke (University of Maryland). Sites were located within the perimeter of the 1994 burn southeast of Delta Junction Alaska, USA, bordering the Alaska Highway to the North and the Gerstle River to the West. Sites were selected from satellite classifications prepared by Eric Kasischke to represent different levels of burn severity and post-fire vegetation canopy greenness (NDVI). Site selection was constrained by road access, and only areas where all trees had been killed by the fire were selected. At each site, a central point was located in an area of visually homogeneous vegetation. Five parallel transects, each 50 m long, were laid out as follows: 1) the first transect started at the central point and followed a randomly-selected compass direction, 2) two additional transects were established parallel to the first, but at a random distance from the central transect up to 25 m distant. Vegetation was sampled in a 2-m wide belt centered on each transect, and soil samples were made at intervals along the transect line. Vegetation measurements included: a) basal diameters of all pre-fire trees greater than 1.3 m in height, b) counts of all post-fire tree seedlings, and c) basal diameters of tree seedlings and willows, measured in a randomly chosen 5x2 m portion of each transect. General notes were made on visual percent cover of different vegetation growth forms at the site. Destructive measurements of tree seedlings and willows made in 2001 were used to develop allometric equations to predict dry biomass from basal diameter. Measurements of soil organic layer depth were made at 5 m intervals with the use of a spade to excavate small chunks of sod. At one randomly-selected sample point per transect, a 10x10 cm sample of the organic layer was collected for bulk density measurements. Bulk density samples were dried in a 60degC oven for 48 hours and then w
Tree regeneration after fire: Delta 1994 burn surveys, live seedling counts, by species
Data for this study were collected in 2001 and 2002 by Jill Johnstone (University of Alaska Fairbanks) and Eric Kasischke (University of Maryland). Sites were located within the perimeter of the 1994 burn southeast of Delta Junction Alaska, USA, bordering the Alaska Highway to the North and the Gerstle River to the West. Sites were selected from satellite classifications prepared by Eric Kasischke to represent different levels of burn severity and post-fire vegetation canopy greenness (NDVI). Site selection was constrained by road access, and only areas where all trees had been killed by the fire were selected. At each site, a central point was located in an area of visually homogeneous vegetation. Five parallel transects, each 50 m long, were laid out as follows: 1) the first transect started at the central point and followed a randomly-selected compass direction, 2) two additional transects were established parallel to the first, but at a random distance from the central transect up to 25 m distant. Vegetation was sampled in a 2-m wide belt centered on each transect, and soil samples were made at intervals along the transect line. Vegetation measurements included: a) basal diameters of all pre-fire trees greater than 1.3 m in height, b) counts of all post-fire tree seedlings, and c) basal diameters of tree seedlings and willows, measured in a randomly chosen 5x2 m portion of each transect. General notes were made on visual percent cover of different vegetation growth forms at the site. Destructive measurements of tree seedlings and willows made in 2001 were used to develop allometric equations to predict dry biomass from basal diameter. Measurements of soil organic layer depth were made at 5 m intervals with the use of a spade to excavate small chunks of sod. At one randomly-selected sample point per transect, a 10x10 cm sample of the organic layer was collected for bulk density measurements. Bulk density samples were dried in a 60degC oven for 48 hours and then w
Tree regeneration after fire: Delta 1994 burn surveys, Data from one soil sample/transect to obtain bulk density.
Data for this study were collected in 2001 and 2002 by Jill Johnstone (University of Alaska Fairbanks) and Eric Kasischke (University of Maryland). Sites were located within the perimeter of the 1994 burn southeast of Delta Junction Alaska, USA, bordering the Alaska Highway to the North and the Gerstle River to the West. Sites were selected from satellite classifications prepared by Eric Kasischke to represent different levels of burn severity and post-fire vegetation canopy greenness (NDVI). Site selection was constrained by road access, and only areas where all trees had been killed by the fire were selected. At each site, a central point was located in an area of visually homogeneous vegetation. Five parallel transects, each 50 m long, were laid out as follows: 1) the first transect started at the central point and followed a randomly-selected compass direction, 2) two additional transects were established parallel to the first, but at a random distance from the central transect up to 25 m distant. Vegetation was sampled in a 2-m wide belt centered on each transect, and soil samples were made at intervals along the transect line. Vegetation measurements included: a) basal diameters of all pre-fire trees greater than 1.3 m in height, b) counts of all post-fire tree seedlings, and c) basal diameters of tree seedlings and willows, measured in a randomly chosen 5x2 m portion of each transect. General notes were made on visual percent cover of different vegetation growth forms at the site. Destructive measurements of tree seedlings and willows made in 2001 were used to develop allometric equations to predict dry biomass from basal diameter. Measurements of soil organic layer depth were made at 5 m intervals with the use of a spade to excavate small chunks of sod. At one randomly-selected sample point per transect, a 10x10 cm sample of the organic layer was collected for bulk density measurements. Bulk density samples were dried in a 60degC oven for 48 hours and then w
Multi-millennial Record of Erosion and Fires in the Southern Blue Ridge Mountains, USA
Bottomland sediments from the southern Blue Ridge Mountains provide a coarse-resolution, multi-millennial stratigraphic record of past regional forest disturbance (soil erosion). This record is represented by 12 separate vertical accretion stratigraphic profiles that have been dated by radiocarbon, luminescence, cesium-137, and correlation methods continuously spanning the past 3,000 years of pre-settlement (pre-dating widespread European American settlement) and postsettlement strata. Post-settlement vertical accretion began in the late 1800s, appears to be about an order of magnitude faster than pre-settlement rates, and is attributable to widespread deforestation for timber harvest, farming, housing development, and other erosive activities of people. Natural, climate-driven, or non-anthropic forest disturbance is subtle and difficult to recognize in pre-settlement deposits. There is no indication that pre-settlement Mississippian and Cherokee agricultural activities accelerated erosion and sedimentation in the region. A continuous 11,244 years before present (BP) vertical accretion record from a meander scar in the Upper Little Tennessee River valley indicates abundant charcoal (prevalent fires) at the very beginning of the Holocene (11,244-10,900 years BP). In contrast, moderate to very low levels of charcoal are apparent over the remaining Holocene until about 2,400 years BP when charcoal influx registers a pronounced increase. These data are consistent with the idea that Native Americans used fire extensively to manage forests and to expanded agricultural activities during Woodland and later cultural periods over the past 3000 years. However, there is no indication that prehistoric intentional use of fire and agriculture caused accelerated erosion and sedimentation.
Thresholds and alternative states in neotropical dry forest in response to fire severity, 2005-2018
Neotropical xerophytic forest ecosystems evolved with fires that shaped their resilience to disturbance events. We asked if there is evidence for a fire severity threshold causing an abrupt transition from a forest to an alternative shrub thicket state in the presence of typical post-fire management. We studied a heterogeneous wildfire event to assess medium-term effects (11 years) of varying fire severity in a xerophytic Caldén forest (Prosopis caldenia) in La Pampa province, central Argentina. We conducted field vegetation surveys in patches that were exposed to low (LFS), medium (MFS), and high (HFS) fire severities, but had similar pre-fire woody canopy cover. Satellite images were used to quantify fire severity using a delta Normalized Burning Ratio (dNBR) and to map pre-fire canopy cover. The structure and composition of woody and herbaceous vegetation was measured during the 2017-18 growing season (September to March) in areas affected by different severities of the 2006 wildfire.
Soil Characteristics Following a Lightning-Initiated Fire at MacKenzie Flats, Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (1998)
We evaluated soil characteristics after a lightning-initiated fire. Following the fire in July 1998, 25 experimental plots were established on the eastern edge of MacKenzie Flats at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. Ten of these plots were located in a Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama)-dominated site, while 15 were established in another area dominated by Bouteloua eriopoda (black grama). All plots were oriented along a topographic gradient that ran in an east-west direction. At three topographic locations within each plot, soil samples were taken at two depths from an area covered by perennial grass as well as an area devoid of vegetation. Soil samples were collected in July 1998 and analyzed for moisture content and soil texture.
Post-Fire Response of Perennial Grass Communities at McKenzie Flats, Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (1998 and 2001)
We evaluated the effects of a lightning-initiated fire on responses of vegetation communities. Following a fire in July 1998, 25 experimental plots were established on the eastern edge of MacKenzie Flats at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. Ten of these plots were located in a Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama)- dominated site, while 15 were established in another area dominated by Bouteloua eriopoda (black grama). We evaluated basal and aerial cover of all plant species at the community level using a vertical line point intercept method along transects within plots. Sampling was conducted immediately after the fire during the last week of July 1998, and again in September and October of 2001.
Post-Fire Responses of Perennial Grass Populations at McKenzie Flats, Sevilleta National WIldlife Refuge, New Mexico (1998 and 2001)
We evaluated the effects of a lightning-initiated fire on resprouting responses of perennial grasses at the population level. Following a fire in July 1998, 25 experimental plots were established on the eastern edge of MacKenzie Flats at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. Ten of these plots were located in a Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama)-dominated site, while 15 were established in an area dominated by Bouteloua eriopoda (black grama). We evaluated basal cover of perennial grasses in systematically positioned quadrats (subsamples) within plots immediately after the fire (last week of July 1998), and in September-October 2001.
Internet on FIRE, a Fed4FIRE+ Experiment
<p>Log files related to three different experiments done on the Fed4FIRE TestBeds within the Internet on Fire project.</p> <p>Experiment 1: BGP Tests related to Fabrikant topology.</p> <p>Experiment2: BGP Tests related to Elmokashfi topologies, 1000 Nodes.</p> <p>Experiment3: BGP Tests related to Elmokashfi topologies, 2000 Nodes.</p> <p>Experiment4: BGP Tests related to Elmokashfi topologies, 4000 Nodes.</p> <p>Experiment5: BGP Tests related to Elmokashfi topologies, 12000 Nodes.</p>
Fight or flight? Behaviour and experiences of laypersons in the face of an incipient fire
<p>Video examples from an experimental study by the University of Muenster, Germany, in cooperation with the German Fire Protection Association and the State Fire Service Institute NRW, Germany. The study is part of a larger research project and examined the behavior of laypersons when confronted with an incipient fire.</p> <p>Within minutes, an incipient fire can develop into a life-threatening full fire. Consequently, it should be fought as early as possible. But are laypersons capable of doing this? In such a situation, how do they behave and feel? These questions are addressed in the current study. Persons without any professional firefighting training (N=64) were confronted in two experimental runs with a real incipient fire in the form of a burning pillow.</p> <p>The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Department 7 of the University of Münster (ID 2018-16-MT) and pre-registered with AsPredicted.org under the number 20436 (https://aspredicted.org/8py33.pdf). The study was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (funding code FKZ 13N14208).</p> <p>The video examples show 1) an expert handling the fire extinguisher spray and 2) the reaction of a typical participant confronted with an incipient fire.<br> Both persons agreed to the publication of these videos for demonstration purposes in events with limited number of participants (e.g. lectures); any commercial use is explicitly prohibited.</p>
Figure 54 in Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of 'fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)
Figure 54. Distribution map of the genus Hylekobolus gen. n.
Figure 49 in Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of 'fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)
Figure 49. Distribution map of the genus Ostinobolus gen. n..
Global ECMWF Fire Forecasting system - sample data for wildfires in Attica (Greece) on 23-26 July 2018
<p>The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (<a href="https://www.ecmwf.int/">ECMWF</a>) produces daily fire danger forecasts and reanalysis products from the Global ECMWF Fire Forecast (<a href="https://git.ecmwf.int//projects/CEMSF/repos/geff/browse">GEFF</a>) model. Reanalysis is available through the Copernicus Climate Data Store (<a href="https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/cems-fire-historical">CDS</a>) while the medium-range real-time forecast is available through the <a href="https://effis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/static/effis_current_situation/public/index.html">EFFIS</a> and <a href="https://gwis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/static/gwis_current_situation/public/index.html">GWIS</a> platforms.</p> <p>This repository provides sample datasets for the assessment of the fire danger during the Attica (Greece) wildfires occurred on 23-26 July 2018:</p> <ul> <li> <p>ECMWF_EFFIS_20180723_1200_en.tar<br> (ensemble forecasts issued on 2018-07-23, global coverage, all indices)</p> </li> <li> <p>ECMWF_EFFIS_20180723_1200_hr.tar<br> (deterministic forecasts issued on 2018-07-23, global coverage, all indices)</p> </li> <li> <p>ECMWF_EFFIS_20180723-26_1200_hr_e5.tar<br> (deterministic reanalysis based on ERA5 issued for 2018-07-23, global coverage, all indices)</p> </li> <li> <p>ECMWF_EFFIS_20180723-26_1200_en_e5.tar<br> (probabilistic reanalysis based on ERA5 issued for 2018-07-23, global coverage, all indices)</p> </li> <li> <p>ECMWF_EFFIS_20180723-26_e5.tar<br> (probabilistic and deterministic reanalysis based on ERA5 issued for 2018-07-23/26, global coverage, FWI only)</p> </li> <li> <p>bbox.tar, containing 1 index (FWI) for the bounding box:</p> <ul> <li> <p>GEFF-reanalysis, which provides historical records of fire danger conditions in the period 23-26 July 2018</p> <ul> <li> <p>e5_hr, this folder contains deterministic model outputs</p> </li> <li> <p>e5_en, this folder contains probabilistic model outputs (made of 10 ensemble members)</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>GEFF-realtime provides real-time forecasts (in the period 14-26 July 2018) generated using weather forcings from the latest model cycle of the ECMWF’s Integrated Forecasting System (IFS).</p> <ul> <li> <p>rt_hr, this folder contains high-resolution deterministic forecasts (~9 Km)</p> </li> <li> <p>rt_en, this folder contains probabilistic forecasts (~18Km)</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>lon_min = 23, lon_max = 25, lat_min = 37, lat_max = 39</p> </li> </ul> <p><strong>Please note, the sample data provided in this repository is intended to be used for education purposes only (e.g. training courses).</strong></p> <p>These products have been developed as part of the EU-funded Copernicus Emergency Management Services (<a href="https://emergency.copernicus.eu/">CEMS</a>) and complement other Copernicus products related to fire, such as the biomass-burning emissions made available by the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (<a href="https://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/">CAMS</a>). The development of the GEFF modelling system was funded through a third-party agreement with the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (<a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/departments/joint-research-centre_en">JRC</a>). </p> <p>GEFF produces fire danger indices based on the Canadian Fire Weather index as well as the US and Australian fire danger models. GEFF datasets are under the Copernicus license, which provides users with free, full and open access to environmental data.</p> <p>For more information, please refer to the documentation on the <a href="http://datastore.copernicus-climate.eu/c3s/published-forms/c3sprod/cems-fire-historical/Fire_In_CDS.pdf">CDS</a> and on the <a href="https://effis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/about-effis/technical-background/fire-danger-forecast/">EFFIS website</a>.</p>
Figure 10 in Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of 'fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)
Figure 10. Distribution of the genus Colossobolus gen. n.
Figure 25 in Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of 'fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)
Figure 25. Distribution of the genus Riotintobolus gen. n.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.