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Figure. Measurement data plotted for all nestlings as a function of age for the black stork: a) wing length (WL), b) head length (HL), c) bill length (BL), and d) tarsus length. in Age estimation of black stork (Ciconia nigra) nestlings from wing, bill, head, and tarsus lengths at the time of ringing
Figure. Measurement data plotted for all nestlings as a function of age for the black stork: a) wing length (WL), b) head length (HL), c) bill length (BL), and d) tarsus length.
Figure 2. Cross-sections from A. danfordi phalanges. A in Age and growth in two populations of Danford's lizard, Anatololacerta danfordi (Günther, 1876), from the eastern Mediterranean
Figure 2. Cross-sections from A. danfordi phalanges. A) Female lizard with 3 hibernations and B) male lizard with 7 hibernations. e.b.: Endosteal bone, e.r.: endosteal resorption, m.c.: medullary cavity, p.: peripheral, white arrows: LAGs.
Figure 1 in Age and growth in two populations of Danford's lizard, Anatololacerta danfordi (Günther, 1876), from the eastern Mediterranean
Figure 1. Map showing localities of studied A. danfordi populations. K: Kozan population, S: Saimbeyli population.
A Compiled Archaeobiological Dataset for Central Asia's Chalcolithic through Bronze Age: macrobotanical and zooarchaeological data transcribed, standardized, and summarized from original publications
<p>This dataset contains archaeobotnaical and zooarchaeological data that have been compiled, transcribed, standardized, and summarized from original published data sources. Original data publications are given herein as a List of References (Microsoft Word file). These publications appeared between 1960-2022, presenting data in various formats, in various languages, and in scientific works that included journals, books, and conference proceedings - .</p> <p>Data have been compiled and are given in two Microsoft Excel files, one corresponding to archaeobotanical data and one to zooarchaeological data. On the first tab (worksheet) of each of these files, original publication sources are given in a summarized reference (Author, Year, Table/Figure Number) that corresponds to the full bibliographic reference in the accompanying List of References file. This first tab (worksheet) also summarizes additional information on the archaeological context of each dataset, collection and analysis methods (when reported), and the availabilty of other relevant and/or corresponding datasets. The remaining tabs (worksheets) in each file, organized alphabetically by author last name, tabularize the original data in a standardized format; these data are compiled and transcribed as necessary from the various formatting of original data sources, though they keep the original reported species names, table ordering, and numerical data. In the cases where totals were obviously erroneous or superceded by later or additional analyses, transcription notes have been offered directly in the worksheet.</p> <p>A fair number of these data sources are now out of print, have no digital distribution, and are otherwise difficult to access physically and/or linguistically. Accordingly, the sole aim in compiling these data here is to facilitate their widespread availablity, proper citation, and increased use within the international community of archaeological scientists working in Central Asia in the present day. Other scholars are encouraged to utilize these compiled datasets for foundational regional data and extended analyses, and to add to and expand these datasets going forward.</p>
Fig. 1 in Effect of the oviposition period and age of the females of Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in the emergence of egg parasitoids
Fig. 1. Average (± SE) number of eggs laid per d by Dalbulus maidis in treatments (Young-3, Young-6, Mature-3, and Mature-6). The circles represent the mature (8-wk-old) leafoppers, whereas the squares represent the young (2-wk-old) leafoppers.
Evaluation of Selected Artificial Aging Protocols for Dental Composites Including Fatigue and Fracture Tests
<p>This research was funded by the National Science Centre, Poland [grant number: UMO-2020/37/N/ST5/00191, 2021].</p> <p>Datasets was basis for publication entitled: </p> <p>Evaluation of Selected Artificial Aging Protocols for Dental Composites Including Fatigue and Fracture Tests, published at Applied Sciences in 2024. </p> <p>The publication is a summary of the second step of the project, that aims standardizing an artificial aging protocol for dental composites. Until now, there has been no effort to create a standard protocol for evaluating the clinical performance of dental composites in a practical and efficient manner. Dental materials are not required to undergo studies that verify their durability over their expected lifespan before they are released to the market. Implementing a standardized aging process is essential to enhance the dental resin composite's ability to withstand oral conditions. Research in this area has been supported by the Preludium grant from the National Science Center in Poland.</p> <p>Three materials were tested to compare the degradation of resin from that of the filler and resin–filler interface. The first material (Resin F) was unfilled resin. The second and third materials were composites based on a similar resin matrix to Resin F but with differentiated fillers content. On the basis of the obtained data (https://zenodo.org/records/6583563), three protocols were selected for the second part of the project (standardization of artificial aging protocol for dental composites). The influence of three selected aging protocol on the material properties of the samples was determined based on flexural strength (FS), diametral tensile strength (DTS), Vickers hardness (HV) and microstructure evaluation. Additionally, fracture toughness (FT) and flexural fatigue limit (FFL) were determined. The proposed complex aging protocols should simulate prolonged, possibly several to even a dozen or more years of material usage in the oral cavity, thereby furnishing valuable insights into its prospective clinical performance in vitro. </p> <p>Authors hope to determine an artificial aging method for evaluating the clinical performance of dental composites. Our publication is first attempt to determine standard aging protocol for dental composites.</p>
Fig. 3 in Like phoenix from the ashes: How modern baleen whales arose from a fossil "dark age"
Fig. 3. Patterns and potential drivers of the early Miocene "dark age". A. Extinction of toothed mysticetes and eomysticetids at the beginning of the early Miocene "dark age", and subsequent reinvasion of coastal habitats by larger, toothless filter feeding mysticetes during the middle Miocene. The occurrence of eomysticetids in the earliest Miocene is based on a single, fragmentary specimen from New Zealand (Boessenecker and Fordyce 2017b). B. Global oxygen isotope curve, showing the timing of the mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum (Zachos et al. 2008). C. Global sea-level change (Miller et al. 2005). D. Global diatom abundance as derived from Deep-Sea Drilling Programme/Ocean Drilling Programme smear slides (Renaudie 2016). Highlighted events potentially relevant to the "dark age": 1, a 0.5 shift in δ18O; 2, a 40 m sea-level fall; and 3, an early Miocene decrease in global diatom abundance. Reconstructions of mysticetes by Carl Buell.
Fig. 2 in Like phoenix from the ashes: How modern baleen whales arose from a fossil "dark age"
Fig. 2. Comparison of Australasian late Oligocene baleen whale assemblages: south-eastern Australia (A1, B1) and New Zealand (A2, B2). A. Late Oligocene palaeogeographical reconstruction. B. Differences in mysticete assemblage composition. Note the widespread inundation of New Zealand. Dashed lines in A delineate the modern coastline without compensating for late Neogene Alpine Fault movement. Palaeogeographical reconstructions are based on King et al. (1999), King (2000), Holdgate and Gallagher (2003). Drawings of whales by Carl Buell.
Fig. 1 in Like phoenix from the ashes: How modern baleen whales arose from a fossil "dark age"
Fig. 1. Location of major formations that have yielded diverse odontocete assemblages, but few or no mysticetes. Sources: Clallam Formation, Nye Mudstone, and Jewett Sand (Barnes 1977; Crowley et al. 1999); Calvert Formation (Gottfried et al. 1994); Pungo River Formation (Whitmore and Kaltenbach 2008); Chilcatay Formation (Bianucci et al. 2018); Upper Marine Molasse (Pilleri 1986a, b); Libano Sandstone and "Pietra leccese" (Bianucci and Landini 2002); Central Paratethys (Grigorescu and Kazár 2006).
Fig. 4 in Bone microstructure and relative age of the holotype specimen of the diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur Suuwassea emilieae
Fig. 4. Allometric graphs of sauropodomorph appendicular elements. Gray lines delineate 95% confidence interval. A. Plot of sauropod humerus length versus radius length. R2 = 0.936. B. Plot of sauropod humerus length versus ulna length. R2 = 0.938. C. Plot of sauropod femur length versus tibia length. R2 = 0.939.
Fig. 1 in Bone microstructure and relative age of the holotype specimen of the diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur Suuwassea emilieae
Fig. 1. The right tibia of the holotype (ANS 21122) of the diplodocoid sauropod Suuwassea emilieae Harris and Dodson, 2004, Morrison Formation, Late Jurassic. For ease of sectioning, the tibia was dismantled at a natural break and then sectioned 3 cm from the preserved distal end (red line) to ensure a complete cross section. The proximal end of the distal segment was then re-attached to the proximal segment.
Fig. 3 in Bone microstructure and relative age of the holotype specimen of the diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur Suuwassea emilieae
Fig. 3. Histologic structures visible in the tibia of the holotype (ANS 21122) of the diplodocoid sauropod Suuwassea emilieae Harris and Dodson, 2004, Morrison Formation, Late Jurassic, photographed under plane-polarized light. A. Successive growth cycles in the caudolateral region of the bone. Brackets indicate successive highly and poorly vascularized zones. Highly vascularized zone with dense primary osteons (right), followed by a poorly vascularized annulus (middle). The leftmost region shows the subsequent zone characterized by higher vascularization (outermost cortex to left). B. The high density of secondary osteons (outlined in green) in the medial inner cortex, showing overprinting by a second generation (green arrow). Additionally, primary osteons are visible between secondary osteons showing that the bone is not completely remodeled (blue arrow). C. A cluster of secondary osteons in the outer cortex of the craniomedial region. This cluster is surrounded by primary osteons. D. Outer cortex of the caudolateral region, showing the LAG (line of arrested growth) (arrow) associated with the fourth annulus. E. Two LAGs in the outermost cortex of the lateral region. F. Primary osteons in the outermost cortex of the craniolateral region leading up to the periosteal surface of the bone.
Fig. 1. A. A in Comparison of exposure ages and spectral properties of rock surfaces in steep, high alpine rock walls of Aiguille du Midi, France
Fig. 1. A. A slab from Maysville, KY (CMC IP50706) with a drilled specimen of the stylophoran mitrate Enoploura popei Caster, 1952. The hole indicated by an arrow. B. Close up of the drilled specimen. C. Detail of the borehole.
Fig. 2 in Comparison of exposure ages and spectral properties of rock surfaces in steep, high alpine rock walls of Aiguille du Midi, France
Fig. 2. Horizontal boring on the slab from Maysville, KY (CMC IP50706). A. Overlapping burrows in the shell of the brachiopod Rafinesquina. B. Burrows in a bryozoan. Scale bars 10 mm.
Fig. 9. Centra from extant Carcharodon carcharias Linnaeus, 1758 in Vertebral morphology, dentition, age, growth, and ecology of the large lamniform shark Cardabiodon ricki
Fig. 9. Centra from extant Carcharodon carcharias Linnaeus, 1758 (A) and Cetorhinus maximus Gunnerus, 1765 (B, C). A. Centrum, LACM I-35875- 1, in anterior (A 1), left lateral (A 2), posterior (A 3), dorsal (A 4), and ventral (A 5) views. B. Partial centrum (LACM I-35593-1a) in transverse section (B 1) posterior (B 2), left lateral (B 3), and dorsal (B 4) views. C. Partial centrum (LACM I-35593-1b) in left lateral (C 1), ventral (C 2), and one-half hemi-section (C ) views.
Fig. 6 in Vertebral morphology, dentition, age, growth, and ecology of the large lamniform shark Cardabiodon ricki
Fig. 6. Centrum size profiles of Cardabiodon ricki, Cretoxyrhina mantelli, Cretalamna hattini, Archaeolamna kopingensis, and Squalicorax sp. Centrum diameter of Cardabiodon ricki (WAM 96.4.45.108) compared to those of other lamniforms: Ar. kopingensis (LACM P-128125), Cretoxyrhina mantelli (FHSM VP-323, VP-2187), Cretalamna hattini (LACM P-128126), and Squalicorax (LACM P-120090; USNM 425665). Centrum sizes for Ar. kopingensis, Cretoxyrhina mantelli, and Squalicorax spp. are taken from Cook et al. (2011).
Fig. 3 in Vertebral morphology, dentition, age, growth, and ecology of the large lamniform shark Cardabiodon ricki
Fig. 3. Isolated, small juvenile teeth of Cardabiodon ricki Siverson, 1999 (WAM 13.6.1: lp7–9?) (A) and Cretoxyrhina agassizensis (Underwood and Cumbaa, 2010) (WAM 13.6.2: a2?) (B) from the basal (0.1 m) of the Haycock Marl, Pillawarra Plateau, Western Australia, late Cenomanian or early Turonian. In labial (A1, A2) and lingual (B1, B2) views.
Fig. 2 in Vertebral morphology, dentition, age, growth, and ecology of the large lamniform shark Cardabiodon ricki
Fig. 2. Schematic drawing of a hypothetical shark centrum in hemisected view showing potential criteria used for age determination.
Fig. 1 in Vertebral morphology, dentition, age, growth, and ecology of the large lamniform shark Cardabiodon ricki
Fig. 1. Early Late Cretaceous map (90 Ma; PLATES Program 2009) showing locations of fossil localities (late Cenomanian to middle Turonian) yielding Cardabiodon spp. (see Cook et al. 2010). UALVP 49430 from Canada is likely a transitional morphotype between Cardabiodon ricki and Cardabiodon venator.
Fig. 8 in Vertebral morphology, dentition, age, growth, and ecology of the large lamniform shark Cardabiodon ricki
Fig. 8. Five posterior precaudal(?) centra of Cretoxyrhina mantelli Agassiz, 1843, late Coniacian–early Santonian, Smoky Hill Chalk of the Niobrara Chalk, Kansas, USA. A–C. Centra, FHSM VP-2184a (A), FHSM VP-2184b (B), and FHSM VP-2184c (C), in anterior or posterior (A 1 –C 1), left lateral (A 2 –C 2), dorsal (A 3 –C 3), and ventral (A 4 –C 4) views. D. Centrum, FHSM VP-2184d, in transverse section showing radial lamellae and dorsal and ventral articular foramina; in anterior and posterior (D , D ) views. E. Centrum, FHSM VP-2184e, in hemisected view showing 12 bands (arrows).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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