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3,584 results for “genomic analysis”
Data from: Genomic analysis of morphometric traits in bighorn sheep using the Ovine Infinium® HD SNP BeadChip
Elucidating the genetic basis of fitness-related traits is a major goal of molecular ecology. Traits subject to sexual selection are particularly interesting, as non-random mate choice should deplete genetic variation and thereby their evolutionary benefits. We examined the genetic basis of three sexually selected morphometric traits in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis): horn length, horn base circumference, and body mass. These traits are of specific concern in bighorn sheep as artificial selection through trophy hunting opposes sexual selection. Specifically, horn size determines trophy status and, in most North American jurisdictions, if an individual can be legally harvested. Using between 7,994–9,552 phenotypic measures from the long-term individual-based study at Ram Mountain (Alberta, Canada), we first showed that all three traits are heritable (h2 = 0.15–0.23). We then conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) utilizing a set of 3,777 SNPs typed in 76 individuals using the Ovine Infinium® HD SNP BeadChip. We found suggestive association for body mass at a single locus (OAR9_91647990). The absence of strong associations with SNPs suggests that the traits are likely polygenic. These results represent a step forward for characterizing the genetic architecture of fitness related traits in sexually dimorphic ungulates.
Data from: Genome sequencing and comparative analysis of three Chlamydia pecorum strains associated with different pathogenic outcomes
Background: Chlamydia pecorum is the causative agent of a number of acute diseases, but most often causes persistent, subclinical infection in ruminants, swine and birds. In this study, the genome sequences of three C. pecorum strains isolated from the faeces of a sheep with inapparent enteric infection (strain W73), from the synovial fluid of a sheep with polyarthritis (strain P787) and from a cervical swab taken from a cow with metritis (strain PV3056/3) were determined using Illumina/Solexa and Roche 454 genome sequencing. Results: Gene order and synteny was almost identical between C. pecorum strains and C. psittaci. Differences between C. pecorum and other chlamydiae occurred at a number of loci, including the plasticity zone, which contained a MAC/perforin domain protein, two copies of a >3400 amino acid putative cytotoxin gene and four (PV3056/3) or five (P787 and W73) genes encoding phospholipase D. Chlamydia pecorum contains an almost intact tryptophan biosynthesis operon encoding trpABCDFR and has the ability to sequester kynurenine from its host, however it lacks the genes folA, folKP and folB required for folate metabolism found in other chlamydiae. A total of 15 polymorphic membrane proteins were identified, belonging to six pmp families. Strains possess an intact type III secretion system composed of 18 structural genes and accessory proteins, however a number of putative inc effector proteins widely distributed in chlamydiae are absent from C. pecorum. Two genes encoding the hypothetical protein ORF663 and IncA contain variable numbers of repeat sequences that could be associated with persistence of infection. Conclusions: Genome sequencing of three C. pecorum strains, originating from animals with different disease manifestations, has identified differences in ORF663 and pseudogene content between strains and has identified genes and metabolic traits that may influence intracellular survival, pathogenicity and evasion of the host immune system.
Data from: Population genomics of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.): comparative analysis of global accessions and Senegalese landraces
Background: Pearl millet is a staple food for people in arid and semi-arid regions of Africa and South Asia due to its high drought tolerance and nutritional qualities. A better understanding of the genomic diversity and population structure of pearl millet germplasm is needed to support germplasm conservation and genetic improvement of this crop. Here we characterized two pearl millet diversity panels, (i) a set of global accessions from Africa, Asia, and the America, and (ii) a collection of landraces from multiple agro-ecological zones in Senegal. Results: We identified 83,875 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 500 pearl millet accessions, comprised of 252 global accessions and 248 Senegalese landraces, using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of PstI-MspI reduced representation libraries. We used these SNPs to characterize genomic diversity and population structure among the accessions. The Senegalese landraces had the highest levels of genetic diversity (π), while accessions from southern Africa and Asia showed lower diversity levels. Principal component analyses and ancestry estimation indicated clear population structure between the Senegalese landraces and the global accessions, and among countries in the global accessions. In contrast, little population structure was observed across in the Senegalese landraces collections. We ordered SNPs on the pearl millet genetic map and observed much faster linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay in Senegalese landraces compared to global accessions. A comparison of pearl millet GBS linkage map with the foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genomes indicated extensive regions of synteny, as well as some large-scale rearrangements in the pearl millet lineage. Conclusions: We identified 83,875 SNPs as a genomic resource for pearl millet improvement. The high genetic diversity in Senegal relative to other regions of Africa and Asia supports a West African origin of this crop, followed by wide diffusion. The rapid LD decay and lack of confounding population structure along agro-ecological zones in Senegalese pearl millet will facilitate future association mapping studies. Comparative population genomics will provide insights into panicoid crop evolution and support improvement of these climate-resilient crops.
FIGURE 3 in Mitochondrial genome of Abraxas suspecta (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) and comparative analysis with other Lepidopterans
FIGURE 3. Codon distribution in members of the Lepidoptera. CDspT = codons per thousand codons.
FIGURE 5 in Mitochondrial genome of Abraxas suspecta (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) and comparative analysis with other Lepidopterans
FIGURE 5. Putative secondary structures of the 23 tRNA genes of the A. suspecta mitogenome.
Comparative genomic analysis of the mutant Rhodotorula mucilaginosa JH-R23 provides insight into the high-yield carotenoid mechanism
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FIG. 3 in Analysis of Genomic Sequence Data Reveals the Origin and Evolutionary Separation of Hawaiian Hoary Bat Populations
FIG. 3.—Populationstructure inference based on STRUCTURE analysis of 199,921 sites for individual bats from four Hawaiian Islands. (A) Ad hoc statistic delta Kanalysis indicates a peak at the Κ = 5; (B) STRUCTURE population inference with Κ = 3, 4, 5. Sample information included in supplementary table S4, Supplementary Material online.
Healthy woodchuck genome with viral sequences appended used for single-cell RNA-seq analysis
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Data from: Sex-determining 3D regulatory hubs revealed by genome spatial auto-correlation analysis
<p>Mammalian sex is determined by opposing networks of ovarian and testicular genes that are well characterized. However, its epigenetic regulation is still largely unknown, thus limiting our understanding of a fundamental process for species propagation. Here we explore the 3D chromatin landscape of sex determination <em>in vivo</em>, using <em>METALoci</em>, a novel genome spatial auto-correlation analysis.</p> <p><strong>Extended Data File 1: Coordinates for HH metaloci in each sample.</strong></p> <p>The EDFile1_H3K27ac_HH_metaloci_per_gene.zip file contains four files named:</p> <ul> <li>XX10.5_H3K27ac_HH_metaloci_per_gene.bed</li> <li>XX13.5_H3K27ac_HH_metaloci_per_gene.bed</li> <li>XY10.5_H3K27ac_HH_metaloci_per_gene.bed</li> <li>XY13.5_H3K27ac_HH_metaloci_per_gene.bed</li> </ul> <p>Each BED file contains the following columns tab separated:</p> <ul> <li>chr Chromosome</li> <li>start Start coordinates</li> <li>end End coordinates</li> <li>MetaLociBinNumber Number of the bin in the METALoci layout</li> <li>GeneSymbol Gene symbol</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>Extended Data File 2: Coordinates bins in METALoci with ATAC-seq accessible peak targeted by TF.</strong></p> <p>The EDFile2_TF_ATAC_ML_Sites.zip file contains four files named:</p> <ul> <li>XX10.5_TF_ATAC_ML_Sites.tsv</li> <li>XX13.5_TF_ATAC_ML_Sites.tsv</li> <li>XY10.5_TF_ATAC_ML_Sites.tsv</li> <li>XY13.5_TF_ATAC_ML_Sites.tsv</li> </ul> <p>Each TSV file contains the following columns tab separated:</p> <ul> <li>chr Motif site chromosome </li> <li>start Motif site start coordinates </li> <li>end Motif site end coordinates</li> <li>bin Hi-C bin number</li> <li>pchr ATAC site chromosome</li> <li>pstart ATAC site start coordinates</li> <li>pend ATAC site end coordinates</li> <li>gene Gene symbol</li> </ul>
Genomic analysis reveals a polygenic architecture of antler morphology in wild red deer (Cervus elaphus)
<p>Sexually-selected traits show large variation and rapid evolution across the animal kingdom, yet genetic variation often persists within populations despite apparent directional selection. A key step in solving this long-standing paradox is to determine the genetic architecture of sexually-selected traits to understand evolutionary drivers and constraints at the genomic level. Antlers are a form of sexual weaponry in male red deer. On the island of Rum, Scotland, males with larger antlers have increased breeding success, yet there has been no evidence of any response to selection at the genetic level. To try and understand the mechanisms underlying this observation, we investigate the genetic architecture of ten antler traits and their principal components using genomic data from >38,000 SNPs. We estimate the heritabilities and genetic correlations of the antler traits using a genomic relatedness approach. We then use genome-wide association and haplotype-based regional heritability to identify regions of the genome underlying antler morphology, and an Empirical Bayes approach to estimate the underlying distributions of allele effect sizes. We show that antler morphology is highly repeatable over an individual's lifetime, heritable, and has a polygenic architecture, and that almost all antler traits are positively genetically correlated with some loci identified as having pleiotropic effects. Our findings suggest that a large mutational target and genetic covariances among antler traits, in part maintained by pleiotropy, are likely to contribute to the maintenance of genetic variation in antler morphology in this population.</p>
Data from: Diagnostic yield in epileptic encephalopathies is improved by genome sequencing and re-analysis
<p><b>Objective:</b> To assess the benefits and limitations of whole genome sequencing (WGS) compared to exome sequencing (ES) or multigene panel (MGP) in the molecular diagnosis of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE).</p> <p><b>Methods: </b>We performed WGS of 30 comprehensively phenotyped DEE patient trios that were undiagnosed after first-tier testing, including chromosomal microarray (CMA), and either research ES (n=15) or diagnostic MGP (n=15).</p> <p><b>Results</b>: 8 diagnoses were made in the 15 individuals who received prior ES (53%): 3 individuals had complex structural variants; 5 had ES-detectable variants which now had additional evidence for pathogenicity. 11 diagnoses were made in the 15 MGP-negative individuals (68%); the majority (n=10) involved genes not included in the panel, particularly in individuals with post-neonatal onset of seizures and those with more complex presentations including movement disorders, dysmorphic features and/or multi-organ involvement. 42% of diagnoses were autosomal recessive or X-chromosome linked.</p> <p><span><span><b>Conclusion:</b> WGS was able to improve diagnostic yield over ES primarily through the detection of complex structural variants (n=3). The higher diagnostic yield was otherwise better attributed to the power of re-analysis rather than inherent advantages of the WGS platform. Additional research is required to assist in the assessment of pathogenicity of novel non-coding and complex structural variants and further improve diagnostic yield for patients with DEE and other neurogenetic disorders.</span></span></p>
Figure 4 from: Li W, Qiu N, Du H (2022) Complete mitochondrial genome of Rhodeus cyanorostris (Teleostei, Cyprinidae): characterization and phylogenetic analysis. ZooKeys 1081: 111-125. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1081.77043
Figure 4 Phylogenetic trees derived from the maximum-likelihood (ML) and neighbor joining (NJ) approaches based on whole mitochondrial genomes. The numbers on the nodes are the bootstrap values of ML and NJ. The number after the species name is the GenBank accession number.
Figure 2 from: Li W, Qiu N, Du H (2022) Complete mitochondrial genome of Rhodeus cyanorostris (Teleostei, Cyprinidae): characterization and phylogenetic analysis. ZooKeys 1081: 111-125. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1081.77043
Figure 2 Codon distribution a and relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) b in the mitogenome of Rhodeus cyanorostris.
Figure 1 from: Li W, Qiu N, Du H (2022) Complete mitochondrial genome of Rhodeus cyanorostris (Teleostei, Cyprinidae): characterization and phylogenetic analysis. ZooKeys 1081: 111-125. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1081.77043
Figure 1 Gene map of the mitochondrial genome of Rhodeus cyanorostris. The genome contained two rRNA genes (in yellow), 13 coding genes (in black), 22 tRNA genes (in red), and a control region (D-loop) (in brown).
Data from: Genetic susceptibility to infectious disease in East African Shorthorn Zebu: a genome-wide analysis of the effect of heterozygosity and exotic introgression
[No abstract entered]
The mitochondrial genome datasets of phylogenetic analysis from the subfamily Coelidiinae
<p>58 leafhopper and 5 treehoppers species were selected to participate in the phylogenetic tree construction after the removal of unverified, lacks the accurate scientific name, and repeated species sequences. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using alignments of the 13 PCGs of leafhopper with the other complete or near complete genomes of the treehopper species. The two species of Cosmoscarta bispecularis (KP064511) and Tettigades auropilosa (KM000129) (Yan & Zu, 2019) were used as the outgroup.</p>
Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in monozygotic twins identifies potential biomarkers of fasting plasma glucose
<p><strong><span>Purpose:</span></strong><span> An epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) was conducted to detect specific epigenetic variants potentially related to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in middle-aged and elderly Chinese monozygotic twins.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods:</strong> </span><span>Association between DNA methylation (DNAm) of single CpG and FPG was tested by applying generalized estimation equation in 52 twin pairs. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified by</span><em> <span>comb-P</span></em> <span>approach</span><span>. Inference about Causation through Examination of Familial Confounding (ICE FALCON) was utilized to perform the causal inference. Candidate CpGs were quantified using Sequenom MassARRAY platform in a community population. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted using gene expression data. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span>The relationship between DNAm of 30 top CpGs and FPG reached <em>P</em>-value</span><span><</span><span>1×10<sup>-6</sup></span><span> level. Thirty-two DMRs within 24 genes, such as TLCD1, MRPS31P5, </span><span>CASZ1 </span><span>and CXADRP3, were identified. Causal relationship of 20 top CpGs within <em>TLCD1, MZF1, PTPRN2, SLC6A18, ASTN2, IQCA1, GRIN1</em>, and <em>PDE2A </em>with FPG were further identified. Pathways related to FPG such as mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 binding were found. Three CpGs mapped to <em>SLC6A18 </em>were</span><span> validated in a community population, with </span><span>a hypermethylated direction in type 2 diabetes cases. The gene expression levels of 18 genes where the top CpGs and DMRs located, such as <em>SLC6A18 </em>and <em>TLCD1</em>, were positively correlated with FPG. Besides, common biological pathways, such as dopamine binding, regulation of biosynthetic process, and neuron fate specification, were found in methylation and gene expression analyses.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Conclusion</strong>: </span><span>Our findings showed that</span> <span>multiple methylated CpGs and regions, crucial genes, and biological pathways were underlyingly associated with FPG and diabetes.</span></p>
supplemental files for Assembly and analysis of sequence from a spring and winter type Camelina sativa by whole genome PacBio HiFi technologies
<p><span>Supplemental files for Assembly and analysis of sequence from a spring and winter type <em>Camelina sativa</em> by whole genome PacBio HiFi technologies</span></p>
Figure 6 from: Zhang Q-H, Huang P, Chen B, Li T-J (2018) The complete mitochondrial genome of Orancistrocerus aterrimus aterrimus and comparative analysis in the family Vespidae (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). ZooKeys 790: 127-144. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.790.25356
Figure 6 The phylogenetic relationships were established by the 13 PCGs using ML (A) and BI (B) methods. Numbers abutting branches were bootstrap percentages with 1000 replicates (A) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (B). Red pentagram refers to the mitogenome sequences of O.a.aterrimus.
Figure 5 from: Zhang Q-H, Huang P, Chen B, Li T-J (2018) The complete mitochondrial genome of Orancistrocerus aterrimus aterrimus and comparative analysis in the family Vespidae (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). ZooKeys 790: 127-144. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.790.25356
Figure 5 Secondary structures of 23 tRNAs of O.a.aterrimus mitochondrial genome. Watson-Crick bonds are showed by dashes, GU pairs by filled dots, and AG and UU by open dots.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.