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799 results for “island endemism”
FIGURE 3. Pacifigeron indivisus. A. Capitulum. B in Pacifigeron indivisus (Asteraceae: Astereae), a new species endemic to Rapa, Austral Islands, and a new delimitation of the Celmisia group
FIGURE 3. Pacifigeron indivisus. A. Capitulum. B. Terminal capitulescence of many clustered capitula. C. Habit. P. rapensis. D. A few individuals (note the terminal capitulescences of few capitula). E. Habit. Photographs: A by Kenneth R. Wood, B–E by Jean-Yves Meyer.
Data from: Vicariance and marine migration in continental island populations of a frog endemic to the Atlantic Coastal forest
The theory of island biogeography is most often studied in the context of oceanic islands where all island inhabitants are descendants from founding events involving migration from mainland source populations. Far fewer studies have considered predictions of island biogeography in the case of continental islands, where island formation typically splits continuous populations and thus vicariance also contributes to the diversity of island populations. We examined one such case on continental islands in southeastern Brazil, to determine how classic island biogeography predictions and past vicariance explain the population genetic diversity of Thoropa taophora, a frog endemic to the Atlantic Coastal Forest. We used nuclear microsatellite markers to examine the genetic diversity of coastal and island populations of this species. We found that island isolation has a role in shaping the genetic diversity of continental island species, with island populations being significantly less diverse than coastal populations. However, area of the island and distance from coast had no significant effect on genetic diversity. We also found no significant differences between migration among coastal populations and migration to and from islands. We discuss how vicariance and the effects of continued migration between coastal and island populations interact to shape evolutionary patterns on continental islands.
Data from: Exclusion of introduced deer increases size and seed production success in an island-endemic plant species
The presence of extra-local invaders, such as the southern California mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) on Santa Catalina Island, may contribute to more selective and insidious effects within the unique ecosystems that have evolved in their absence. Studies at the species level may detect effects not noticed in broader, community level vegetation monitoring or help tease apart differences in the level of effect among the various ecological components of an invaded system. In this initial study, we measured the impacts of herbivory by mule deer, a species native to analogous habitats on the adjacent mainland, on size and seed production success for Crocanthemum greenei (island rush-rose), a federally listed sub-shrub that is not present on mainland California. We found deer exclusion resulted in an overall increase in stem measurement of 18.8 cm. Exclosure populations exhibited complete seed production success, whereas control populations showed significantly reduced success and exhibited complete failure within 58% of populations. These results show that the introduced mule deer on Santa Catalina Island are negatively affecting a federally threatened plant species. This strongly implies that the current deer management strategy is insufficient, if one of its goals is biodiversity and endemic species conservation.
Comparison of adult census size and effective population size support the need for continued protection of two Solomon Island endemics
<p>Because a population's ability to respond to rapid change is dictated by standing genetic variation, we can better predict a population's long-term viability by estimating and then comparing adult census size (<em>N</em>) and effective population size (<em>N<sub>e</sub></em>). However, most studies only measure <em>N</em> or <em>N<sub>e</sub></em>, which can be misleading. Using a combination of field and genomic sequence data, we here estimate and compare <em>N</em> and <em>N<sub>e</sub></em> in two range-restricted endemics of the Solomon Islands. Two <em>Zosterops</em> White-eye species inhabit the small island of Kolombangara, with a high elevation species endemic to the island (<em>Z. murphyi</em>) and a low elevation species endemic to the Solomon Islands (<em>Z. kulambangrae</em>). Field observations reveal large values of <em>N </em>for both species with <em>Z. kulambangrae</em> numbering at 114,781 ± 32,233 adults, and <em>Z. murphyi</em> numbering at 64,412 ± 15,324 adults. In contrast, genomic analyses reveal that <em>N<sub>e</sub></em> was much lower than <em>N</em>, with <em>Z. kulambangrae</em> estimated at 694.5 and <em>Z. murphyi</em> at 796.1 individuals. Further, positive Tajima's D values for both species suggest that they have experienced a demographic contraction, providing a mechanism for low values of <em>N<sub>e</sub></em>. Comparison of <em>N </em>and <em>N<sub>e</sub></em> suggests that <em>Z. kulambangrae</em> and <em>Z. murphyi</em> are not at immediate threat of extinction but may be at genetic risk. Our results provide important baseline data for long-term monitoring of these island endemics, and argue for measuring both population size estimates to better gauge long-term population viability.</p>
FIGURE 4 in Eugenia alletiana (Myrtaceae), a new critically endangered species endemic to the island of Mauritius
FIGURE 4. Distribution of the new species Eugenia alletiana on Mauritius. Each point is 1 km across.
FIGURE 3. A in Eugenia alletiana (Myrtaceae), a new critically endangered species endemic to the island of Mauritius
FIGURE 3. A. Foliage with unripe fruits; B. Ripe fruit; C. Variation in external surface of the woody endocarp (all from a single plant); D. Longitudinal cross-section of the endocarp; E. Seed, showing bullate outer surface on the left and smooth adaxial surface of cotyledon on the right (dark brown); F. Seedling still attached to endocarp (A-Le Pouce, others Brise Fer).
FIGURE 2. A in Eugenia alletiana (Myrtaceae), a new critically endangered species endemic to the island of Mauritius
FIGURE 2. A. Flower bud showing fused apex; B. Flower bud showing teeth (bottom left); C. Flower with irregularly ruptured hypanthium lobes (5 lobes on the left, 4 lobes on the right). D. Stamens distribution on the inner surface of a split hypanthium; E. Side view of flower showing diminutive white petals at ends of split hypanthium lobes; F. Detail of stamens and a petal (all Brise Fer).
FIGURE 1. A in Eugenia alletiana (Myrtaceae), a new critically endangered species endemic to the island of Mauritius
FIGURE 1. A. Tree; B–C. Bark; D. Leaf, adaxial surface; E. Leaf, abaxial leaf; F. Foliage with flower buds; G. Flower bud (A–C Le Pouce, others Brise Fer).
FIGURE 2. A in A new endemic Ramalina species from the Canary Islands (Ascomycota, Lecanorales)
FIGURE 2. A. Transversal section through the thallus of R. alisiosae, showing cortex (translucent layer) and chondroid plectenchyma (violet layer); B. Granules in the cortical layer; C. Cortex and chondroid layer; D. Chondroid plectenchyma; E. Cortical hyphae; F. Paraphyses; G. Ascus and paraphyses; H, I & J. Ascospores. A - in toluidine blue; B in lactophenol blue and differential interference contrast (DIC); C in phloxin after KOH treatment; D & E in toluidine blue after KOH treatment; F, G, H, I & J in DIC. Scale bars: A: 20 µm; B, C, E & F: 10 µm; D, G, H, I, J: 5 µm.
FIGURE 3. 50 in A new endemic Ramalina species from the Canary Islands (Ascomycota, Lecanorales)
FIGURE 3. 50% Majority-rule consensus tree of the Bayesian tree sampling showing the phylogenetic relationships of R. alisiosae and closely related taxa. Bold branches depict PP≥95 and BP≥70. The asterisk depicts a branch supported under ML but not in the Bayesian analysis.
FIGURE 1 in A new endemic Ramalina species from the Canary Islands (Ascomycota, Lecanorales)
FIGURE 1. Morphology of Ramalina alisiosae. A. Habit; B. Apothecium; C & D. Soralia; E. Branchlet with branching tips and small granules; F. Soralia with short branchlets; G & H. Fenestrate branches. Scale bars: A: 1 cm; B, C, D, E, F, G & H: 1mm.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of rust fungus on the New Zealand endemic plant, Myosotidium, from the isolated Chatham Islands
FIGURE 1. Pucciniastrum myosotidii on Myosotidium hortensii. A. Adaxial view. Scale bar = 5 mm B. Abaxial view. Scale bar = 5 mm C. Urediniospores. Composite image. Scale bar = 10 μm D. Urediniospores. Scale bar = 10 μm
FIGURE 2 in A new species of rust fungus on the New Zealand endemic plant, Myosotidium, from the isolated Chatham Islands
FIGURE 2. Phylogram obtained from maximum likelihood analysis of nuclear LSU rDNA. Bootstrap support values (> 50%) from a maximum likelihood search with 1000 replicates shown.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of rust fungus on the New Zealand endemic plant, Myosotidium, from the isolated Chatham Islands
FIGURE 3. Phylogram obtained from maximum likelihood analysis of nuclear rDNA loci, LSU and SSU. Bootstrap support values (> 50%) from a maximum likelihood search with 1000 replicates shown.
FIGURE 14 in <p><strong>Systematic review of diplommatinid land snails (Caenogastropoda, Diplommatinidae) endemic to the Palau Islands. (1) Generic classification and revision of <em>Hungerfordia</em> </strong><br /><strong>species with highly developed axial ribs</strong></p>
FIGURE 14. Hungerfordia expansilabris sp. nov. (A1–A4) A topotypic paratype, B0480a; (B) columella (left lateral view), a paratype from Loc. BA6-1, B0667a; (C) axial ribs above the aperture after removal of the parietal margin of inner peristome, (D1) sculpture on the penultimate whorl, and (D2) sculpture on the body whorl of a topotypic paratype (B0480a); (E) umbilical view of a paratype after removal of the spiny ribs and the outer peristome, only the last whorl shown, Loc. BA6-1, B0667b; (F1–F5) holotype, B0480T; (G) a paratype from Loc. BA5-4, B0472; (H) a paratype from Loc. BA6-1, B0667c; (I1, I2) outer surface, and (I3, I4) inner surface of operculum, a topotypic paratype, B0480. Scale bars, 1mm (A–H), 0.5 mm (I). All specimens, UMUTZ-MG.
FIGURE 29 in <p><strong>Systematic review of diplommatinid land snails (Caenogastropoda, Diplommatinidae) endemic to the Palau Islands. (1) Generic classification and revision of <em>Hungerfordia</em> </strong><br /><strong>species with highly developed axial ribs</strong></p>
FIGURE 29. Shell size and shape variation among Hungerfordia species with highly developed ribs. (A) H. triplochilus sp. nov., holotype; (B) H. expansilabris sp. nov., holotype; (C) H. nudicollum sp. nov., holotype; (D) H. echinata echinata sp. et subsp. nov., holotype; (E) H. echinata tubulispina subsp. nov., holotype; (F1) H. lamellata (Crosse, 1866), B0199a; (F2) H. lamellata (Crosse, 1866), B0282b; (G) H. alata (Crosse, 1866), B0446; (H) H. pteropurpuroides sp. nov., holotype; (I1) H. subalata sp. nov., paratype (B0655); (I2) H. subalata sp. nov., holotype; (J) H. papilio stenoptera subsp. nov., holotype; (K) H. papilio papilio sp. et subsp. nov., holotype; (L) H. goniobasis dmasechensis subsp. nov., holotype; (M) H. goniobasis goniobasis sp. et subsp. nov., holotype; (N) H. elegantissima sp. nov., holotype; (O1) H. pelewensis Beddome, 1889, B0542; (O2) H. pelewensis Beddome, 1889, B0383. Scale bar, 1mm. All specimens, UMUTZ-MG.
FIGURE 27 in <p><strong>Systematic review of diplommatinid land snails (Caenogastropoda, Diplommatinidae) endemic to the Palau Islands. (1) Generic classification and revision of <em>Hungerfordia</em> </strong><br /><strong>species with highly developed axial ribs</strong></p>
FIGURE 27. Hungerfordia papilio papilio sp. et subsp. nov. (A1–A4) A paratype from Loc. Gk4-3, B0374a; (B) columella (dorsal view), (C) axial ribs above the aperture, and (D) sculpture on the last 2–4 whorls of paratypes from Loc. Gk4-3 (B0374a, b); (E) a paratype after removal of the winged ribs, Loc. Gk4-3, B0374c; (F) a paratype from Gk4-3, B0374d; (G1– G4) holotype, B0434T; (H) a paratype from Loc. Gk6-3, B0858; (I) a paratypes from Loc. Gk7-3, B0963; (J) umbilical view of a paratype after removal of the winged ribs, Loc. Gk4-3, B0374c; (K1, K2) outer surface, and (K3, K4) inner surface of operculum of a paratype, Loc. Gk4-3, B0374. Scale bars, 1mm (A–J), 0.5 mm (K). All specimens, UMUTZ-MG.
FIGURE 13 in <p><strong>Systematic review of diplommatinid land snails (Caenogastropoda, Diplommatinidae) endemic to the Palau Islands. (1) Generic classification and revision of <em>Hungerfordia</em> </strong><br /><strong>species with highly developed axial ribs</strong></p>
FIGURE 13. Hungerfordia triplochilus sp. nov. (A1–A5) A topotypic paratype, B0158a; (B) columellar tooth (left lateral view), topotypic paratype, B0158b; (C) axial ribs above the aperture, a subadult of topotypic paratype, B0158c; (D1) sculpture on the last 1–1.5 whorls, and (D2) sculpture on the last 1.5–2 whorls of topotypic paratypes (B0158a, d); (E1–E4) holotype, B0158T; (F) apical septum, a partially opened paratype from Loc. Gk1-2, B0145; (G) sculpture behind the aperture, holotype, B0158T; (H) a worn paratype from Loc. Gk7-7, B1025; (I) a paratype from Loc. Gk7-5, B1000; (J1, J2) outer surface, and (J3, J4) inner surface of operculum, a topotypic paratype, B0158. Scale bars, 1mm (A–E, G–I), 0.5 mm (F, J). All specimens, UMUTZ-MG.
FIGURE 12. Hungerfordia pelewensis Beddome, 1889 in <p><strong>Systematic review of diplommatinid land snails (Caenogastropoda, Diplommatinidae) endemic to the Palau Islands. (1) Generic classification and revision of <em>Hungerfordia</em> </strong><br /><strong>species with highly developed axial ribs</strong></p>
FIGURE 12. Hungerfordia pelewensis Beddome, 1889. (A1–A5) An adult from Loc. Ko2-2, B0046a; (B) an adult from Loc. Ko5-6, B0542; (C1–C3) an adult from Loc. Gk5-5, B0651a; (D1–D3) a juvenile, and (E1–E3) a subadult from Loc. Ub6-1 (B0752a, b); (E4) enlarged Fig. E2, showing an abrupt change of the sculpture and whorl shape on the last whorl; (F) subapical views of broken adults showing the columellar tooth and the constriction: (F1) an adult from Loc. Gk5-5, B0651b; (F2) an adult from Loc. Ko2-2, B0046b; (G) a young subadult from Loc. Gk5-5, B0752c; (H) sculpture on penultimate and the higher two whorls, a subadult from Loc. Ub6-1, B0752; (I) protoconch, an adult from Loc. Ko2-2, B0651c; (J) an adult from Loc. BA4-1, B0283; (K) an adult from Loc. Gk5-5, B0046c; (L1, L2) outer surface, and (L3, L4) inner surface of operculum, Loc. Ko2-2, B0046. Arrow heads show position of the constriction. Scale bars, 1mm (A–G, J, K), 0.5 mm (H, I, L). All specimens, UMUTZ-MG.
FIGURE 10 in <p><strong>Systematic review of diplommatinid land snails (Caenogastropoda, Diplommatinidae) endemic to the Palau Islands. (1) Generic classification and revision of <em>Hungerfordia</em> </strong><br /><strong>species with highly developed axial ribs</strong></p>
FIGURE 10. Opercula of Palaina (Eupalaina) and Hungerfordia species. (A) P. (E.) moussoni Crosse, 1866, B0229; (B) P. (E.) dimorpha Crosse, 1866, B0087; (C) P. (E.) sp.-18, longitudinal section, B0082; (D) P. (E.) patula Crosse, 1866, B0204; (E) H. polymorpha (Crosse, 1866), B0049; (F) H. pelewensis Beddome, 1889, B0046; (G) H. polymorpha (Crosse, 1866), longitudinal section, B0049; (H) H. alata (Crosse, 1866), B0058. Oblique view of the outer surface, oblique view of the inner surface, and vertical view of the inner surface are shown from left to right in Figs. A, B, E, and F. Oblique view of the inner surface and vertical view of the inner surface are shown from left to right in Figs. D and H. Scale bars, 0.5 mm (A–B, D, E–F, H), 0.1 mm (C, G). All specimens, UMUTZ-MG.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.